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The Invisible Government

Chapter 40: E
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About This Book

The author argues that an interlocking network of tax-exempt organizations, policy councils, foundations, corporate interests, media institutions, unions, and civic and academic groups exercise covert influence over federal policymaking, tracing links from wartime coordination to postwar continuity of those policies. The work catalogs groups and meetings, examines mechanisms of influence—propaganda, financial ties, advisory councils and communications control—and claims these channels limit electoral change while promoting internationalist and centralized policies. It presents historical examples and organizational lists, analyzes motives and methods, and concludes with recommendations for public awareness and action to restore democratic accountability.

Council on Foreign Relations: A Record of Twenty-Five Years, 1921-1946, 24

COUNCILS ON WORLD AFFAIRS, 41 ff; 132

Cousins, Norman, affiliations: ii ff; 124; 143 ff; 148; 151; 156

Cowles, Gardner, affiliations: 65; 125, 151, 156;
  quote from, 154

Cowles, John, affiliations: 86; 126; 140; 156; 168

Cowles Magazines, Inc., 65

COX COMMITTEE, 162

Cox, C. R., 86

Cox, E. E., 161 ff

Cravath, Swaine & Moore, 90

CRIMEAN CONFERENCE, i ff

Crises of the Old Order, 2

Crowell-Collier Publishing Co., 157

Crown-Zellerbach Corporation, 63

CRUSADE FOR FREEDOM, 93, 149

Crusade in Europe (Dwight D. Eisenhower), 30

CUBA, 135; 180

Cummings, Nathan, 45

Cummins Engine Company, 56

Currie, Lauchlin, 5; 41

Curtice, Harlow H., 86

CZECHOSLOVAKIA, betrayal of, 29

D

DALLAS CED ASSOCIATES, 78 ff

DALLAS CITIZENS COUNCIL, 78 ff

DALLAS COUNCIL ON WORLD AFFAIRS, 79

Dallas Morning News (quote from), 77 ff

Daniel, Charles E., 86

DANISH FOREIGN POLICY SOCIETY, v

Darden, Colgate W., Jr., 141

David, Donald K., affiliations: 63; 65; 78 ff; 86; 168

Davidson, Carter, 170

Davies, Paul M., 86

Davis, Elmer, 146

Davis, Norman H., 5

Davis, William H., 146

Davison, Harry P., 171

Dean, Arthur H., 10; 140; 170

Dean, Vera Micheles, 38

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, 108

Deere and Co., 88

de Lima, Oscar, 126

DEMOCRACY (definition by Streit), 114

DEMOCRATIC CENTRALISM, 110

DENMARK, German invasion of, 24 ff.

Denton, Frank R., 87

Denver Post, 159

Desai, Mortarji, 20

Desilu Playhouse, 102

Des Moines Register and Tribune, 65

Detroit Bank and Trust Co., 57

Detroit-Edison Co., 64

DEVELOPMENT LOAN FUND, 66 ff.

Devin-Adair Publishing Co., 163

Dewey, Thomas E., 64

de Zoysa, Stanley, 20

Diamond Alkali Co., 95

Dickey, Charles D., 87

Dickey, John S., 76; 168

Diebold, Williams, Jr., 18

Dillon, Douglas, 10; 176

District of Columbia Transit Co., 130

Documents on American Foreign Relations (CFR publication), 13

Dodge, Joseph M., 57

Donner, Frederick, G., 87

Doty, Paul M., Jr., iii

Douglas, Lewis W., 168; 171

Dow, Jones & Co., 85

Draper, William H., 152

Dresser Industries, Inc., 15; 79

Dubinsky, David, 146

DuBridge, Lee A., 168

Duggan, Stephen, 152

Dulles, Allen, 3; 10; 150;

Dulles, John Foster, 3; 5; 105; 114

Dunn, Frederick S., 169

du Pont (E. I.) de Nemours Co., 15; 87

E

Eastland, James O. (quote from), 148

Eastman Kodak, 83; 93

Eaton, Cyrus, 43; 147

Eaton Manufacturing Co., 91; 95

Eban, Ebba, 20

Eccles, Marriner S., 55

ECONOMIC COLLECTIVISM, 113

ECONOMIC STABILIZATION AGENCY, 63

Eden, Anthony, 27

Edison Electric Institute, 91

Eichelberger, Clark M., 5; 126; 148

Einstein, Albert, 147

EISENHOWER ADMINISTRATION, 34

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 6; 12; 37, 66; 105; 134; 150;
  Army-McCarthy hearings, 84;
  authorizing participation in CNAD, 121;
  BAC advisors, 83;
  founder of American Assembly, 145;
  part in occupation of Berlin, 28 ff;
  President's Commission on National Goals, 140

EISENHOWER EXCHANGE FELLOWSHIPS, INC., 91

Elliott, William Y., 87

Empire Savings and Loan Association, 92

Encyclopaedia Britannica, iii, 62; 130

Engelhard, Charles William, 123

ENGLAND, 183

Engles, Frederick, 61

Equitable Life Assurance Society of U.S., 90

Equitable Trust Co., of Baltimore, 91

Erler, Fritz, 20

Ethridge, Mark F., 124; 150; 156; 168

Ethyl Corp., 15

EUROPE, 183

EUROPEAN ADVISORY COMMISSION, 27; 31

Export-Import Bank, 55; 69

F

FABIAN SOCIALISTS, 147

Fairbanks, Douglas, Jr., 124

Farrell Lines, Inc., 15

Fawzi, Mahmoud, 19

FEDERAL AID, to schools, 147

FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (FBI), 175

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, Constitutional powers, 109

FEDERAL INCOME TAX SYSTEM, 180

FEDERAL RESERVE ACT, 52

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 65

Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 88; 90

Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 90

Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 95

FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD, 55

FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM, 51 ff; 63

FEDERAL UNION, INC., 105; 113 ff; 118

Federated Department Stores, Inc., 56

FEDERATION OF WORLD GOVERNMENTS, plan for, 115 ff

Feldman, George J., 123

Fiberglas Canada, Ltd., 85

Fibreboard Products, Inc., 63

Finkelstein, Lawrence S., 169

Finletter, Thomas K., 5; 10; 140; 146

First National Bank of Atlanta, 89

First National Bank of Boston, 94

First National Bank, Chicago, 55

First National Bank of Greenville, 86

First National Bank of St. Louis, 95

First National City Bank of New York, 15; 63

First Security Corporation, 55

Fischer, Ben, 101

Fisher, George, iii

Flanders, Ralph E., 62; 84; 87

Fleischmann, Julius, 150

Fleming, Lamar, Jr., 65

Florida-Georgia TV Co., 89

Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 143

Folsom, Frank, 48

Folsom, Marion B., 63; 83; 87

Food Machinery & Chemical Corp., 86; 95

FOR AMERICA, 158

Forbes Magazine, 130

Forbes, Malcolm S., 130

Ford, Benson, 168

FORD FOUNDATION, 62 ff; 77; 92; 131; 145;
  recipients of financial aid from: 4, 51, 55, 149, 166 ff;
  tax-exempt status, 35

Ford, Henry, II, 87; 150; 168

Ford Motor Company, 56; 63; 85; 87; 96;
  International Division, 15

Foreign Affairs (CFR publication), 13; 16; 31

FOREIGN AID, 129-136; 143;
  1957 Bill, 66 ff;
  failure of, 135;
  programs, 111;
  to underdeveloped countries, 67; 78

FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT of 1961, 129 ff

FOREIGN POLICY, U. S., 36; 43; 46; 153;
  traditional, 1, 180

FOREIGN POLICY ASSOCIATION, 35-49; 79; 164; 175

FOREIGN POLICY ASSOCIATIONS' COUNCILS ON WORLD AFFAIRS, 42

FOREIGN POLICY ASSOCIATION-WORLD AFFAIRS CENTER, 35-49; 81; 174

Foreign Relations of the United States:
  Diplomatic Papers: The Conferences at Cairo and Tehran 1943
, 28

Forgash, Morris, 128

Fortune, 157; 159

Foster Wheeler Corp, 15

Foster, William C. affiliations: 65; 87; 140; 152

Foster, William Z., 143

Foundations, 162, 165

Foundation Directory, 167

FOUNDATION LIBRARY CENTER, 167

Founders' Insurance Co., 88

Fowler, Henry H., 55

Fox, Bertrand, 57

Fox, John M., 76

FRANCE, 183

Frankfurter, Felix, 39; 65; 142; 150

Franklin, George S., Jr., 12

FREEDOM, a Constitutional concept of, 109 ff

Freedom's Frontier Atlantic Union Now, 121

FREE EUROPE COMMITTEE, 149

FREE EUROPE PRESS, 149

Freeman, Gaylord A., Jr., 55

Freeport Sulphur Co., 15; 90

French, Eleanor Clark, 130

Fulbright, J. William, 119; 134; 178

FULTON COUNTY (Georgia) Grand Jury, 36 ff

FULTON COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY, 139

FUND FOR ADULT EDUCATION (Ford Foundation), 73

FUND FOR THE REPUBLIC, 62 ff; 166 ff

Funston, G. Keith, 87

G

Gaither, H. Rowan, Jr., 168

Galbraith, John Kenneth, 10; 146

Gallup, George, 156

Gannett, Lewis S., 151

Gardner, John W., 169 ff

Gavin, James M., 10

Gavin, Leon H., 69

Geier, Frederick, V., 87

General American Investors Co., 49; 64

General Cigar Company, 96

General Dynamics Corporation, 15

General Electric Corporation,
  directors' affiliations: 63; 65; 86; 87; 88; 90; 94; 96

General Foods Corp., 92; 96

General Motors, 83; 86;
  Overseas Operations, 15

General Stores Corp., 88

General Telephone, 127

General Telephone & Electronics Corp., 95

Genesee Merchants Bank & Trust Co., 86

Georgia Power Company, 89

GERMANY, occupation plans for, 27 ff;
  West Germany, 182

Gerot, Paul S., 76

Gifford, John A., 171

Gifford, Walter S., 150; 170

Gillette Company, 15; 94

Gillette Safety Razor, 76

Gleason, S. Everett, 165

Goheen, Robert F., 170

Goldberg, Arthur J., 168 ff

Goldman, Sachs and Co., 81

GOLD RESERVE, 52 ff

Goldstein, Israel, 148

Goodrich (B. F.) Company, 86; 90; 96

Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 91; 95

Gould, Laurence M., 168; 170

Graham, Philip, 65; 101; 156

Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., 93

Grace (W. R.) and Co., 15

GRAND JURY PRESENTMENT (Fulton Co., Ga.) 36 ff; 175

Gray, Elisha, II, 87

GREAT DECISIONS PROGRAM, 36 ff; 42; 44 ff

Greene, Fred T., 57

Greenfield, Albert M., 130

GREENLAND, under the Monroe Doctrine, 24 ff

Greenewalt, Crawford H., 87; 141; 170

Grew, Joseph C., 150

Griswold, A. Whitney, 170

Griswold, Erwin N., ii

Gross, Ernest A., 126; 144; 169

Gross, H. R., 67

Grover, Allen, 156

Gruenther, Alfred M., 88; 130; 141

GUGGENHEIM MEMORIAL FOUNDATION, 64; 90; 161

Guinzburg, Harold K., 125

Gulf and South American Steam Ship Co., 95

Gulf Oil Corporation, 15

Gullion, Edmund A., 17; 145

Gunther, John, 151

H

Hadley, Morris, 169

Hall, Helen, 99

Hall, Joseph B., 88

Halliburton Oil Well Cementing Co., 15

Hammarskjold, Dag, 18; 20

Hammond, John, 151

HAMPTON INSTITUTE, 64

Hancock (John) Mutual Life Ins. Co., 64

Hand, Learned, 141

Hanna (M. A.) Company, 83; 89; 90

Hanover Bank, 93

Hansand Steam Ship Co., 89

Hardy, Porter, Jr., 68

HAROLD PRATT HOUSE, 4; 21

Harper & Brothers, 121; 156; 165

Harper's Magazine, 82

Harriman, W. Averell, 10; 19; 88; 140

Harris, Rufus, C., 170

Harris Trust & Savings Bank, 91 ff

Harrison, Wallace K., 168; 169; 171

Harsch, Joseph C., 156

Hart Schaffner and Marx, 63

Haskins and Sells, 15

Haskins, Caryl P., 169

Hauge, Gabriel, ii

Hawaiian Pineapple Co., 90

Hayes, Albert J., 142

Heald, Henry T., 168

Heckscher, August, 156; 171

Heinz, H. J., II, 125

Heinz (H. J.) Company, 15

Henderson, Loy W., 152

Henri-Spaak, Paul, 143

Henry, Barklie McKee, 170

HENRY STREET SETTLEMENT, 99

Herter, Christian A., affiliations: 3; 105; 119; 123

Hewitt, William A., 88

Higgins, Milton P., 88

Hill, Lister, 119

Hiss, Alger, iii; 5; 41; 49

Hitler, Adolph, 28

Hoffman, Paul G., affiliations: 62 ff; 88; 99; 125; 126; 143; 168

Holmes-Casey-Klein, tanker purchases, 7

Holmes, John, 88

Holmes, Julius C.,
  CFR, 10;
  delegate UN organiz. meeting, 5;
  violation surplus-disposal program, 6-10;
  becomes Ambassador to Iran, 8-9

Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis, 57

Hoover, Herbert, 6; 158
  Foundation, 93

Hoover, Herbert, Jr., 88

Hopkins, Harry, 27; 185

Horizon, 157

Hoskins, Harold B., 171

Hotchkis, Preston, 88

Houghton, Amory, 88

Houghton, Arthur A., 152; 168

HOUSE COMMITTEE ON UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES, 146

House, Edward M.,
  Wilson's adviser, 2 ff;
  influence on CFR, 3 ff, 23, 39;
  influence on domestic and foreign policy, 58 ff;
  one-world aims, 136;
  (also see: The Intimate Papers of Colonel House, and Philip Dru, Administrator)

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (see: Congress)

Houser, Theodore V., 88

Houston, William F., 170

Hovde, Frederick L., 170

Howard, Frank A., 171

Hoyt, Palmer, affiliations: 126; 143; 146; 150; 156

Hughes, A. W., 89

Hughes, Charles Evans, 143

Hughes, Langston, 162

Hughes Tool Co., 15

Hull, Cordell, 5; 27; 32

Humphrey, George M., 83

Humphrey, Gilbert W., 89

Humphrey, Hubert, 119; 146; 151

HUMPHREY RESOLUTION, 177

HUNGARY, 112

Hutchins, Francis S., 123

Hutchins, Robert, 167 ff