The Lake Dwellings of Ireland / Or ancient lacustrine habitations of Erin, commonly called crannogs.

INDEX.

• Aberdeenshire, crannogs in, 15, 32.
• Achill Island, crannog in, 230-32.
• Adze, iron, 67, 69, 176.
• African tribes, pile dwellings of, 22-23.
• Aghakilconnel Lough, crannog in, 243.
• Aghaloughan Bog, crannog in, 163.
• Aghnamullen, crannog of, 135, 193.
• Ahoghill, crannog near, 165.
• Amazon, pile dwellings on the, 22.
• Amber beads, 118, 122, 195, 200 n., 201 n., 205 n., 233 n., 237 n.
• Amulets, 116, 117, 177, 206, 207.
• Amusements, 36: see chess, counters, discs, games.
• Anchors, canoe, 51.
• Ancient forests cut down, 4, 189.
• Ancient Scottish Lake Dwellings: see Munro.
• Anderson, Professor, 174.
• Ankle fetters, 238: see fetters.
• Annagh, crannog of, 212.
• Annagh (Sligo), 248.
• Annaghclone, 126.
• Annaghcloy Point, crannog at, 246.
• Antlers: see deer.
• Antrim, barony of, 173.
• Antrim, county, 33, 35, 37, 44, 45, 48, 58, 110, 120, 121, 124, 141, 170.
• Antrim, county, crannogs in, 152-3, 163-177.
• Anvil, 166, 168.
• Apamæan lake, pile dwellings on the, 18-19.
• Arabesque pattern, 235 n.
• Archæologia, VIII., 41 n.
• Ardakillen, crannog of, 59, 60, 62, 90, 105, 118, 135, 137, 142, 154, 233, 236-39.
• Ardbrin, crannog of, 126, 177.
• Ardbrin, crannog of, trumpet from, 126.
• Ardmach: see Armagh.
• Ardmore, crannog at, 29, 216-17.
• Ardnahue, kitchen midden at, 74.
• Argyleshire, crannogs in, 32, 89.
• Armagh, county, crannogs in, 178.
• Armagh, crannog near, 147.
• Armagh, crannog near, attack on, 147-8.
• Armillæ, 204 n.
• Armour, 69, 72, 177, 196 n., 209 n.
• Arran, Isles of, 36.
• Arrow-heads, bone, 80, 237 n.
• Arrow-heads, bronze, 196 n., 205 n., 242.
• Arrow-heads, iron, 144, 179, 186, 235 n.
• Arrow-heads, stone, 40, 45, 225 n., 227 n.
• Arrow-heads, wooden, 200.
• Arterial Drainage Commission, crannogs discovered by the, 77, 179, 193, 205, 207, 218, 233, 240.
• Articles, miscellaneous, 163, 185 n., 204 n., 206 n.
• Ash island, 227.
• Ash spear-shafts, 174.
• Ashes, 42, 43, 194, 196, 198, 214, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227 n., 228, 236.
• Attacks on crannogs, 36, 88 n., 147, 148-9, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 229, 244.
• Aughamore, crannog of, 206.
• Auglish, crannog of, 187.
• Austria, lake dwellings in, resemble Irish, 11, 12-13.
• Auvernier, 89.
• Axe-heads, bone, 45, 59, 60, 191.
• Axe-heads, bronze, 202 n.
• Axe-heads, iron, 141, 144, 164, 168 n., 199 n., 204 n., 206 n., 209, 210 n., 227 n., 233, 235 n.
• Axe-heads, stone, 59, 167, 192.
• Axis, stone, 142.
• Ayrshire, crannogs in, 32, 104.
• Aztecs, pile dwellings of the, 19.
• Baccinums, 204.
• Baiæ, bay of, 217.
• Baile-an-locha, crannog of, 152.
• Baked clay pot-cover, 94.
• Balhu, ogham name of, 134-5.
• Ballaghmore, crannog of, 186.
• Ballinacarriga, crannog of, 136, 206.
• Ballinafad, crannog of, 34, 229.
• Ballinahinch, crannog of, 28, 34, 229.
• Ballinakill, parish of, 221.
• Ballinamallard, crannog near, 81, 87.
• Ballinderry, crannog of, 59, 60, 62, 63, 65, 75, 108, 109, 114, 133, 139, 142, 146, 207.
• Ballinderry crannog, unique pins from, 106-8, 109, 110, 111.
• Ballindoon, crannogs near, 245-6.
• Ballinlough, crannogs in, 32, 73, 150, 221-4, 234.
• Ballintlea, glass beads from, 124.
• Ballintoy, crannog in, 153.
• Ballintoy, sand-hills of, 177.
• Ballyalbanagh, wooden roadway in, 44.
• Ballybetagh, 6.
• Ballybollen, crannog near, 167.
• Ballydoolough, crannog of, 37, 92, 95, 96, 132, 133, 181, 183, 188, 190.
• Ballydoolough crannog, pottery at, 89, 95, 96, 97.
• Ballydoolough crannog, pottery resembling a sepulchral urn, 102.
• Ballydoolough crannog, wooden vessels from, 102.
• Ballygawley, crannog of, 246-8.
• Ballyhoe Lake, crannogs in, 193, 195, 207.
• Ballykeine Bog, 102.
• Ballykillen Bog, 45, 60.
• Ballykinler, crannog of, 177-178.
• Ballylough, crannog of, 152.
• Ballymena, crannog near, 142, 169.
• Ballymote, the Book of, 104.
• Ballynamintra, cave of, 234.
• Ballywillen Lough, crannog in, 154.
• Ballywoolen, crannog of, 178.
• Balls of stone, 183.
• Banagh, barony of, 180.
• Band, iron, 183 n.
• Bann, river, 135, 155, 165, 170.
• Barnes, pile-dwellings at, 18.
• Barton, 169.
• Barton Mere, pile-dwellings at, 18.
• Basket-work: see wicker-work.
• Bavaria, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Bead, lead, 123.
• Beads, amber, 118, 122-3, 195, 200 n., 201 n., 205 n., 233 n., 237 n.
• Beads, bone, 122, 199 n., 207, 237 n.
• Beads, earthenware, 122-3.
• Beads, glass, 124, 164, 168 n., 195, 201 n., 205 n., 237 n.
• Beads, jet, 122, 205 n.
• Beads of various materials, 122-4, 168 n.
• Beads, porcelain, 205 n., 237 n.
• Beads, stone, 122, 235 n., 237 n.
• Beads, wood, 122, 237 n.
• Beams, mortised, radial, stretcher, etc., 163, 166, 178, 181, 183, 184, 187, 192, 198, 207, 208, 214, 223, 224, 226, 231, 233, 241, 245, 247.
• Bede, 36.
• Bedell, bishop, 203.
• Belfast Field-club, 173.
• Belfast Museum, 142, 164, 173, 219.
• Bell, circular, 196 n.
• Ben-Bulben, 243-4.
• Bench, stone, 225.
• Benn Collection, 142.
• Benn, E., 142, 168.
• Begerin, 44.
• Belcoo, crannog near, 188.
• Bellarush, 246.
• Bighorn: see Megaceros.
• Bilberry, 231.
• Billy, parish of, 152.
• Bird-headed ornamentation, 67, 118.
• Bits, bridle, 136-7, 181, 237 n.
• Bittern, 8.
• Blackberries, 73 n.
• Black Sea, 10.
• Blake Island, 225.
• Boar, 4, 73, 74, 168 n., 178 n., 182, 185 n., 190, 199 n., 204, 225 n., 226, 233 n., 241, 245, 246.
• Boat lough: see Pad-lough.
• Bodkins, 164, 205 n., 206 n.
• Bogs of Ireland, 4.
• Bohermeen, crannog of, 81, 171, 204.
• Boho, 187.
• Bolts, bronze, 81, 206 n.
• Bone implements, 59, 60, 80, 188, 219, 337 n.
• Bone Island, 89, 184, 185 n.
• Bone, spatula-shaped, 206 n.
• Bone spoon, 140.
• Bones, 88, 172, 182, 184, 187, 188, 190, 199, 205, 208, 214, 222, 223, 224, 225 n., 228, 232, 234, 236, 241, 244, 245, 248.
• Bones, broken for the marrow, 46, 187.
• Bones, calcined, 201, 225, 248.
• Bones, immense quantities of sold as manure, 46, 205, 236.
• Borris-in-Ossory, 70, 77.
• Bos frontosus, 204.
• Bos longifrons, 70, 66, 182, 190, 204, 234, 245, 246, 248: see Oxen.
• Bosphorus, pile-dwellings on the, 19.
• Boss-like objects, 177, 196 n.
• Bowl, bronze, 85, 204 n., 234 n., 235 n.
• Bowl, wooden, 168.
• Box, rude, 208.
• Bracelets, 121, 123, 191, 200 n., 201 n.
• Brachi cephalic crania, 238.
• Brandenburg, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Breagho, crannog of, 4, 82, 187, 234.
• Brian Borumha, 27, 156-7.
• Brick, 218 n.
• Britain, lake dwellings in, 15.
• British Museum, crannog objects in, 143-4, 218, 235 n.
• British Museum, register of, 177.
• Brittas, crannog near, 210.
• Bro: see Querns.
• Brochs of Scotland, 174.
• Bronze age, 30, 55-6, 160.
• Bronze age, animal ornamentation rare in, 113.
• Bronze age, chronology undetermined, 30.
• Bronze age, overlapping of the, 160.
• Bronze and iron age, 174.
• Bronze objects, 116, 119, 142, 177, 183, 196 n., 201 n.
• Brooch, bronze, shape unchanged for ages, 143.
• Brooch, of mixed metal, 183.
• Brooch, silver, 121, 164.
• Brooches, bronze, 117, 118, 143, 206 n., 235 n., 237 n.
• Broughderg, 87.
• Broughshane, Canon Grainger’s Museum at, 82, 173.
• Brute force, sway of, 3.
• Buckets, 231, 232, 235 n.
• Buckle, bronze, 233 n.
• Bulla, 235 n.
• Buried cities, legends of, 28-9, 193, 225, 248, 249.
• Burnisher: see Polishing-stone.
• Burt, crannog near, 181.
• Buteshire, crannogs in, 32, 44.
• Butter, bog, 79.
• Button, bronze, 141.
• Butts of spear-shafts, 63-4, 173, 196 n., 233 n.
• Cable pattern, 121, 195.
• Cæsar, 18, 57.
• Caislen-na-caillighe, 33, 34, 229.
• Caledonian forests, 9.
• Caledonians and Romans, wars of the, 3, 171.
• Camlough, crannog in, 178.
• Cangort Park, crannog near, 213.
• Canoes, 46, 67, 126, 163, 166, 167, 168, 172, 173, 178, 183, 183 n., 186, 193, 203, 204, 206, 228, 234, 237, 240, 242.
• Canoes at Ardagh, 49.
• Canoes at Ardakillen, 43, 50 n., 237.
• Canoes at Ballinderry, 50 n., 206.
• Canoes at Ballydoolough, 183 n.
• Canoes at Cahore, 48-49.
• Canoes at Cornagall, 48, 50 n., 76.
• Canoes at Derryhollagh, 48, 50 n., 163.
• Canoes at Drumdarragh, 50 n., 183.
• Canoes at Drumgay, 50 n., 183.
• Canoes at Drumkeery, 50 n., 201.
• Canoes at Drumaleague, 50 n., 240.
• Canoes at Kilnock, 50 n., 167.
• Canoes at Lough Annagh, 50, 210.
• Canoes at Lough Erne, 49, 50.
• Canoes at Lough Eyes, 50 n.
• Canoes at Lough Faughan, 50 n., 178.
• Canoes at Lough Mourne, 50, 172-3.
• Canoes at Lough Owel, 47, 48, 50 n.
• Canoes at Loughrea, 50 n., 228.
• Canoes at Lough Rinn, 50 n., 242.
• Canoes at Lough Rossole, 49.
• Canoes at Loughtamand, 50 n., 193.
• Canoes at Miracles, 50 n., 193.
• Canoes at Moinenoe, 50 n., 193.
• Canoes at Moynalty, 48, 50 n., 195.
• Canoes at Randalstown, 50, 168.
• Canoes at Sligo, 50 n.
• Canoes at Toomebar, 48, 50 n., 172-173.
• Canoes, dock for, 201.
• Canoes, fleet of, 46 n., 218.
• Canoes, perforated with holes, 48, 173.
• Canoes, portable, 49 n., 50.
• Canoes, various form of, 47.
• Canoes, wanton destruction of, 50, 183 n., 237.
• Cappagh, cave of, 5.
• Capra hircus: see Goat.
• Carbonate of lime, 248.
• Cargaghoge, crannog of, 36, 42, 43, 195.
• Cargin’s Lough, crannog in, 154.
• Carlingwark Loch, 29.
• Carlow, county, 74.
• Caroline Islands, pile-dwellings in the, 20.
• Carrickfergus, 171.
• Carrickmacross, 42, 193, 196.
• Carved bones, 205 n., 237 n.
• Castleblakeney, 54.
• Castleconnell, 44.
• Castleforbes, crannog near, 33, 206.
• Castlefore Lough, crannog in, 243.
• Castles, antipathy of the Irish to, 146.
• Castles, erected on crannogs, 33-4, 203.
• Cattle kept in crannogs, 79.
• Cauldrons, 82, 166, 187.
• Causeways to crannogs, 166, 167, 172, 190, 193, 194, 199, 207, 224, 226.
• Cavan, 203.
• Cavan, county, 35, 48, 67, 69, 73, 154, 155, 157, 197, 203.
• Cavancarragh, 100.
• Celebes, pile-dwellings in the, 20.
• Celtic, trumpet pattern, 117.
• Celts, bronze, 181, 195, 106 n.
• Celts, iron, 163.
• Celts, stone, 59, 164, 169, 181, 192, 195, 196, 219 n., 227.
• Cervus alces, 6.
• Cervus elaphus: see Deer, red.
• Cervus tarandus, 6.
• Chanter Hill: see Moinenoe.
• Charcoal, 172, 184, 187, 188, 201, 216, 207, 248.
• Charms, 172, 245.
• Cherry Island, 184.
• Cherry stones, 73, 223.
• Chert spear-heads, 194, 225 n.
• Chess, 128-132.
• Chess, a favourite amusement, 128.
• Chess, anecdotes of, 129.
• Chess-board of human bones, 130.
• Chess, fight at, 128.
• Chess in the Pagan age, 129.
• Chessman, stone, 132, 235 n.
• Chips of wood, 214, 232.
• Chisel, bronze, 196 n.
• Chisel, iron, 210 n., 235 n.
• Chisel, stone, 192.
• Circlets, bronze, 119, 177.
• Civilization, crannog, progressive, 160.
• Clare co., crannogs in, 43, 219-220.
• Cleveragh, 249.
• Climatic changes, 6.
• Cloch-Oughter Castle, 155, 203.
• Clogher, barony of, 155.
• Clogherny, crannog of, 179-80.
• Cloneygonnel, crannog of, 104, 140, 197-199.
• Cloonbo Lough, crannog in, 243.
• Cloonboniagh Lough, 243.
• Cloonfinnan Lough, crannog in, 243.
• Cloonfree, crannog of, 82, 233.
• Cloonfinlough, crannog of, 5, 82, 84, 89, 90, 113, 135, 143, 144, 233, 236.
• Cloonloch, crannog of, 154.
• Cloonturk Lough, crannog in, 243.
• Clothing of lake dwellers, 53.
• Cloughwater, 169.
• Coffee-pot shaped utensil, 33.
• Coins, 135, 167, 194, 196, 207, 235 n., 236, 243.
• Cold Ash Common, 18.
• Coleraine, barony of, 178.
• Colkitto, birthplace of, 153.
• Colouring matter in Irish lake dwellings, 104, 223, 226 n.
• Colouring matter in Scottish and Yorkshire lake dwellings, 104, 223, 226 n.
• Combs, 113, 114, 179, 195, 199 n., 205 n., 206 n., 207 n., 235 n.
• Combs, Irish, Swiss, and Roman, with dot and circle pattern, 113.
• Conmaicue Moyrein, crannog in, 242.
• Connaught, province of, great numbers of crannogs in, 145, 221-249.
• Connaught, islands of, 157.
• Coolcranoge, 28, 218.
• Coolistown, barony of, 45.
• Coolyermer, crannog of, 183.
• Corcreevy, crannog of, 155-6, 179: see Loch Laighaire.
• Corduroy road, 44, 209.
• Cornagall, crannog of, 67-8, 200.
• Corn, burnt, 196 n.
• Corn-crusher: see querns.
• Coulter, stone, 199 n.
• Counters: see Discs.
• Craigs, parish of, 164-5.
• Craigywarren, crannog of, 110, 177.
• Coral, 245.
• Crania: see human remains.
• Crannog, a modern term, 26.
• Crannog, a townland name, 27.
• Crannog, attempt to flood a, 149, 223-4.
• Crannog-boy, crannog of, 28, 179, 180.
• Crannog builders bound by no conventional engineering rule, 30.
• Crannog, derivation of, 26.
• Crannog fictilia, resemble mortuary, 99.
• Crannog, first discovery of an Irish, 23.
• Crannog Island, 28, 188, 243.
• Crannog-na-n-Duini: see Mevagh.
• Crannog of Lough Leisi, 154.
• Crannog of Mac Clancy, 154.
• Crannog of Mac Gauran, 154.
• Crannog of Mac Navin, 149-50, 229.
• Crannog of O’Raighilligh, 155, 342.
• Crannog sites unidentified, 177, 179, 193, 205, 207, 218.
• Crannog, townland of, 28.
• Crannoge, townland of, 150.
• Crannogs, a list of, but of temporary value, 145.
• Crannogs are of all ages, 30.
• Crannogs, buoyant tendency of, 178, 180.
• Crannogs, burnt, list of, 35.
• Crannogs connected by causeways: see causeways.
• Crannogs damaged by tempests, 36, 154.
• Crannogs, favourite sites for, 30.
• Crannogs, greatest number in Ulster, 32.
• Crannogs, highest development of, 145.
• Crannogs, historical occupancy of, traced, 145-160.
• Crannogs, numbers discovered in 1857, 26.
• Crannogs, numbers discovered in 1885, 249.
• Crannogs, mode of construction of, 30-31.
• Crannogs occur in groups, 35, 172, 190.
• Crannogs preferred to castles, 146.
• Crannogs, submarine, 29, 215-217.
• Crannogs, subsidence of, 31, 215-217, 224.
• Crannogs, Wilde on the age of, 26.
• Cranny, townland of, 179.
• Creidné, the bronze worker, 174.
• Cremorne, barony of, 151.
• Croker, Crofton, 130, 150.
• Cross, figure of the, 87, 89, 90, 126, 185, 202 n., 235 n.
• Cross, wooden, 112.
• Crossmaglen, crannog near, 178.
• Crow Island, 246.
• Crozier, bronze, 227 n.
• Crucibles, 120, 141, 168, 172, 183, 192, 198, 200 n., 202 n., 227.
• Crystal ornament, 195.
• Cullina, crannog at, 110-111.
• Curach, description of a, 51-53.
• Dabaybe, tribe of, 19.
• Daggers, bone, 65, 188.
• Daggers, bronze, 65, 143, 163, 171, 196 n., 205, 206 n., 219 n., 235 n.
• Daggers, iron, 65, 195, 210 n.
• Dalaradia, 165.
• Dalrieda, 165.
• Danes and Irish, encounters between, 194.
• Danes destroy crannogs, 57, 155-57.
• Danish tobacco pipes, 200 n.
• Dartry, barony of, 156.
• Dawson’s, Dean, collection, 235.
• Day, Alderman, 136.
• Day, Robert, 169.
• Deal forest age, 7.
• De Boot, 120.
• Deel river, crannog in, 205.
• Deer, fallow, 234.
• Deer, red, 74-75, 168 n., 178 n., 182, 185 n., 190, 199, 204, 205, 205 n., 219, 221, 226, 227 n., 235 n., 234, 237, 241, 244, 245, 246.
• Denmark, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Denudation of a crannog, 216.
• Derreen Lake, crannog in, 233.
• Derreskit Lough, crannog in, 203.
• Derry, co., 103, 152, 169, 178, 181.
• Derrygonnelly, crannogs near, 186.
• Derryhollagh: see Lough Ravel.
• Desertmartin, 148.
• Designs on bones, 138-140.
• Designs on bones, their purpose problematical, 138-140.
• Devenish, 90.
• Discs, bone, 130-132, 235 n.
• Discs, bronze, 71, 177.
• Discs, flat earthenware, 190.
• Discs, stone, 183 n., 199 n.
• Discs, with dot and circle pattern, 130-131.
• Dish, bronze, 166, 168 n.
• Dish, wooden, 102, 163.
• Distillation, crannogs used for illicit, 191, 224.
• Divergent spiral ornamentation, 111.
• Dixon, Rev. R. V., 179.
• Dock for canoe, 201.
• Dog, bones of, 168 n., 178 n., 204, 227, 234.
• Dolicho cephalic crania, 238.
• Donagh, parish of, 151.
• Donegal, co., 33, 39, 150, 151, 154, 80.
• Doogort, crannog near, 230-232.
• Door-bolt, iron, 210 n.
• Dorei, pile-dwellings in, 20.
• Dot and circle pattern, 106-7, 113-4, 115, 130-1, 206 n.
• Dowalton, settlement of, 15-16.
• Down, co., 92, 97, 126, 177, 178, 140, 141.
• Dowris metal, 171 n.
• Dowth, 87.
• Draughtsmen: see discs, chess.
• Drinking-cup, 205 n.
• Drom-adharach: see oxen.
• Dross, metallic, 198.
• Droughtville, crannog near, 207.
• Drowned, chief going to a crannog, 152.
• Drowned, guards, 154.
• Drowned island, 28.
• Drumaleague Lake, crannogs in, 36, 240-1.
• Drumdarragh, crannog of, 59, 100, 183.
• Drumgay, crannog of, 80, 87, 89, 90, 93, 184-186, 188, 190.
• Drumkeelin, crannog at, 39, 180.
• Drumkeery Lough, crannogs in, 35, 91, 200-202.
• Drummaul, 167.
• Drumskimley, crannogs at, 100, 186.
• Drumsloe, crannogs of, 59, 82, 87, 186.
• Dug-outs: see canoes.
• Dumfries, crannogs in, 32.
• Dun Ængus, 36.
• Dunboe, parish of, 178.
• Duncan’s flow bog, 44.
• Dungannon, 6, 88.
• Dunn, Right Hon. General, 210.
• Dunshaughlin: see Lagore.
• Dwellings: see huts.
• Dyaks, pile-dwellings of the, 21.
• Dyeing, the art of, 104.
• Eamhain, 81, 232.
• Early allusion to crannogs, 157-9.
• Earthenware: see pottery.
• East Omagh, barony of, 179.
• Eel spears, 144-45.
• Effernan, crannog near, 43, 219-220.
• Elephas primigenius, 6, 54-55.
• Elizabeth, Queen, repulse of her troops from a crannog, 36, 147-8.
• Elk, Irish: see Megaceros.
• Elk hole, 5.
• Emania: see Eamhain.
• Enamel, 66, 119, 137-8.
• Enamel, Irish resembles British, 138.
• Enamel, Philostratus on, 138.
• Enamelled iron, 138, 205.
• Enniskillen, 69, 183, 184, 186, 187, 187 n., 188.
• Enniskillen Castle, remains of a crannog near, 151.
• Enniskillen, Earl of, 182 n., 183.
• Eo: see brooch.
• Equus asinus: see ass.
• Equus cabalus: see horse.
• Erin, first dwellers in, 3, 250.
• Erny Lough: see Glaslough.
• Esker of Goig, 44.
• Euphrates, pile dwellings on the, 11.
• Fæces of cattle, 78.
• Fairy mill-stones: see whorls.
• Fastening, dress, 141-142.
• Feenagh, townland of, 164.
• Fermanagh, county, 37, 70, 73, 81, 82, 87, 88, 94, 100, 146, 181, 194.
• Ferrule, 199 n., 218, 219 n.
• Fettered captives, 238.
• Fetters, gilt, 238.
• Fetters, iron and bronze, 61, 179, 204 n., 237, 238, 242.
• Fibulæ, 118, 164, 181, 193, 196, 199 n., 205.
• Fictile ware: see pottery.
• Fidh-inis, 4.
• Fillet, bronze, 183.
• Findruin, 206 n., 207.
• Fireplaces: see hearths.
• Fireplaces on shores of lakes, 90, 191, 202.
• Fir platter, 102.
• Fishing implements, 80-81, 144-145, 195.
• Flax, 105.
• Fleet of canoes, 46, 228.
• Flesh-fork, iron, 83.
• Flint arrow-heads, 40, 45, 100, 194, 195.
• Flint cores, 58, 170, 233.
• Flint flakes, 42, 172, 192.
• Flint implements, 58-9, 101, 194, 195.
• Flooding crannogs, 149, 223-4.
• Flooring, 32, 198, 223-4, 234, 241.
• Foote, A. W., M.D., 238-9, 248.
• Forests, 6-7, 188, 189, 244, 247.
• Forests, submerged, 194, 220.
• Forfar, crannogs in, 32.
• Fork, bone, 206 n.
• Fomorians, 173, 174.
• Fort Lough, crannog of, XXII., 181.
• Fossils, 172, 245.
• Fowl, bones of, 233 n.
• Fox, 75, 204.
• France, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Funshinagh Lough, crannog in, 243.
• Fusus antiquus, 204.
• Galbally, crannog of, 60-61, 180.
• Gallagh, 54.
• Galway, barony of, 217.
• Galway, county, 33, 36, 54, 103, 122, 150, 221.
• Games: see chess, discs.
• Gangways to crannogs, 43-45, 190, 220, 234.
• Gangways, various forms of, 44-45.
• Garvogue river, 248.
• Gearr-adharach: see oxen.
• Gocktscha lake, pile-dwellings in the, 11.
• Geometrical decoration, 89.
• Geographical distribution of Irish lake-dwellings, 161, 250.
• Gilding, 196 n., 238.
• Gillespie, Dr., 83.
• Gillistown, 167.
• Glaslough, crannog in, 151, 195.
• Glass beads, 122, 124, 125, 164, 177, 194, 195, 201 n., 205 n.
• Glass beads of all colours, 122.
• Glass beads of native manufacture, 125.
• Glass, lumps of, found, 125.
• Glass, ornamental, 168 n.
• Glencar, crannogs of, 104, 153-4, 243-245.
• Glyde river, 193, 207.
• Goat, 75, 168 n., 178 n., 185 n., 190, 204, 219 n., 234.
• Goibniu the smith, 173-4.
• Gold, bronze spear ornamented with, 218.
• Gold in crannogs, 157.
• Gold ornaments, 120, 166.
• Golden age, 55.
• Golden bronze, 117, 232, 237.
• Goose, bones of, 225 n.
• Goromna Island, 33.
• Gortacarnam, townland of, 224.
• Gortalough, crannog of, 37, 186.
• Gouges, 196 n., 235 n.
• Grain, 73, 196 n.: see Corn.
• Grainger, Canon, Museum of, 64, 173.
• Granite, object of, 141.
• Granard, crannog near, 206.
• Grantstown, crannog at, 208.
• Graves, Rev. James, 71, 108, 116, 173, 174, 209, 212.
• Greybeard, 196 n.
• Grinding stones: see whetstones.
• Green Lough, crannog in, 152.
• Grosses Island, 106.
• Gun-barrels, 195, 228.
• Gypsum, 208.
• Hadrian, coin of, the Emperor, 135, 235 n.
• Hafts, sword, 60, 61, 62, 174-5 n.
• Hag’s Castle, 33-34.
• Hair-pins, bronze, 196 n.
• Hair-pins, wooden, 111-112.
• Halbert, iron, 210 n.
• Hall, Mr. and Mrs. J. C., 181 n.
• Hammer-headed pins, 110-111.
• Hammer stones, 58, 73, 179, 192, 194.
• Hammers, iron, 67, 166, 199 n.
• Handles, bone, 206 n., 219 n.
• Handles, stone, 168 n.
• Handles, wooden, 50, 196 n., 219 n.
• Handmills: see querns.
• Harkness, Professor, 200.
• Harp-pins, 125, 126, 196, 235 n., 237 n.
• Harps, 125-6, 206.
• Hatchets: see axes.
• Hazel nuts, 73, 214, 223, 224, 225 n., 227 n., 228, 248.
• Hazel rods, 214, 223, 224, 248.
• Hearths, 31, 163, 172, 178, 186, 187, 196, 197, 220, 225, 226 n., 227 n., 240, 241.
• Heath Lodge, crannog near, 203.
• Herodotus, on lake dwellings, 10-11.
• Hippocrates, on lake dwellings, 10.
• Historical notices of crannogs, 23, 27, 145-160, 202, 236, 238, 241, 242, 244, 248.
• Holderness, lake dwellings in, 17.
• Holland, lake dwellings in, 159.
• Holly Island, 187 n.
• Hones, 69, 196 n., 227 n., 228.
• Horæ Ferales, 174.
• Horse, bones of the, 75, 204, 234.
• Horse furniture, 136-8, 183 n., 196 n., 233.
• Horse-shoes, 168 n., 183 n., 233 n.
• Household economy, 81-105.
• Houses, stone, on crannogs, 36, 165.
• Human race, duration of, 1.
• Human remains, 90, 204, 234, 237-239.
• Hungary, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Huts, crannog, 23, 36-37, 167, 172, 181-182, 186, 192, 210-11, 223, 231.
• Iar Connaught, 122.
• Implements, bone and iron, 169, 226 n., 227 n., 235 n.
• Implements, bronze, 169.
• Implements, stone, 214.
• Implements, stone and iron, found together, 169.
• Importance of crannogs, 157.
• Inis-an-Lochain, crannog of, 152.
• Inis Floinn burnt, 152.
• Inish, 28.
• Inishee, 188.
• Inishrush, crannog of, 181.
• Iniskeel, parish of, 180.
• Iniskeen, 158, 207.
• Inis-Lachain, crannog of, 155.
• Inis-Laodhachain, crannog of, 155.
• Inis-locha-Burrann, crannog of, 153.
• Inis-locha-Leithinnsi, crannog of, 153.
• Inis-Mic-David, 152.
• Inis-Muinremhar, crannog of, 157.
• Inis-na-ghaill-dubh, 156.
• Inis-o-Lynn: see Lough Shillen.
• Inis-ua-Fhloinne: see Lough Shillen.
• Inscribed stone, 183.
• Insula fortificata, 30, 163, 164 n., 165, 167.
• Interlacing tracery, not antecedent to Christianity, 116.
• Inver, parish of, 39, 180.
• Irish beads resemble Scottish, 124.
• Irish lake dwellings, continuous use of, 145.
• Irish prefer crannogs to castles, 146.
• Iron age, 144, 174.
• Iron age, articles of the, 83, 112, 141, 142, 193, 195, 199 n.
• Iron age, form of brooches in the, 144.
• Iron, cross on, 89.
• Iron lamp, 142.
• Iron ore, pieces of, 202 n.
• Iron pins, 105, 111, 141, 233 n.
• Iron shears: see shears.
• Iron vessels, 81, 166.
• Island Lough, 207.
• Island M’Coo, 228.
• Japan, pile-dwellings in, 21.
• Jasper, 120, 199 n.
• Javelins: see spears.
• Jet, articles of, 121, 122, 123, 142, 169, 177, 191, 201 n., 205 n.
• Jetties on crannogs, 46, 201, 233.
• Jewelled ornament, 195.
• Joristown, crannog at, 205.
• Joyce, Irish names of places, 27, 134, 135 n., 157, 158, 249.
• Jupiter Serapis, Temple of, 217.
• Kamtschatka, pile-dwellings in, 21.
• Keller, Dr. F., 13, 18, 49 n., 81, 124.
• Kemble, 174.
• Kew, pile-dwellings at, 18.
• Keys, iron, 210 n., 233, 235 n.
• Kilbride, Rev. W., 26, 217.
• Kilcumreragh, parish of, 205.
• Kilglass, crannog of, 233.
• Killeevan, parish of, 83, 151.
• Killeigh, 207 n.
• Killucan, parish of, 205.
• Killukin, parish of, 154.
• Killynure, crannog of, 187.
• Kilmean, parish of, 154.
• Kilmore Lake, crannogs in, 169.
• Kilmore, parish of, 197.
• Kilnamaddo, crannog of, 37-39, 192.
• Kilnock, crannog of, 37, 45, 166-167.
• Kiltubrid Castle, 207.
• Kimmage-coal rings, 200 n.
• Kinmay lough, crannog of, 229.
• Kinahan, G. H., 7, 27, 150, 215, 216, 217, 221, 224, 225, 229.
• King’s Co., 45, 207, 208, 212.
• Kinnegad river, 237.
• Kircudbright, crannogs in, 32.
• Kitchen middens, 38, 45, 46, 71, 178 n., 182, 201, 204, 217, 225, 241, 248.
• Kitchen middens, mines of antiquities, 46.
• Knives, bone, 59, 206 n., 235 n.
• Knives, bronze, 65, 142, 169, 196 n.
• Knives, iron, 83, 141, 168 n., 183 n., 199 n., 204 n., 227, 234, 235.
• Knockany, crannog of, 156, 218.
• Knockmore, 87.
• Knowles, W. J., 125.
• Lacustrine period? was there a purely, 159.
• Ladle, bronze, 82, 210 n.
• Ladle, iron, 84, 85, 204 n.
• Lagan river, 193.
• Lagore, crannog of, 23-5, 35, 46, 56-7, 59, 63, 65, 68, 75, 78, 83, 84, 85, 90, 110, 204, 205 n., 238.
• Lagore, crannog of, derivation of name, 157.
• Lagore, crannog of, destroyed by fire, 25, 35, 157.
• Lagore, crannog of, first discovery of, 23-25.
• Lagore, crannog of, mass of bones from, 24.
• Lagore, crannog of, objects, use unknown, 143.
• Lagore, crannog of, undiscovered sites at, 157.
• Lagore, crannog of, weapons from, 24, 61, 63, 112.
• Lake country: see Fermanagh.
• Lake dwellings, age of, VII., 9, 250.
• Lake dwellings, area of, 145-146, 249-250.
• Lake dwellings, classical writers on, 11.
• Lake dwellings, of all countries, 10-23.
• Lake dwellings, Swiss, Scottish, and Irish, identity of, 11-15, 73 n.
• Lake Moyhrga, pile dwellings in, 22-23.
• Lake Prasias, pile dwellings in, 10-11.
• Lake Rossole, crannog in, 193.
• Lakes, contraction and expansion of, 7-9.
• Lamps, 142, 168, 235.
• Lanark, crannogs in, 32.
• Landing stages: see jetties.
• Langrishe, R., 208.
• Lankhill, crannog of, 187-88.
• Lapis Hibernicus, 120.
• Lapis Lydius, 120.
• Lead, articles of, 123, 193, 194, 195.
• Leather cloaks, 54, 129.
• Lecale, barony of, 178.
• Leesborough Lake, crannog in, 196.
• Leinster, crannogs in, 204-211, 249.
• Leitrim, county, crannogs in, 36, 48, 72, 150, 152, 153, 134, 238, 240-2.
• Leitrim, barony of, 221.
• Lenaghan, crannog of, 188.
• Lestar, 100.
• Lett, H. W., 178 n.
• Letters, ancient, on crannogs, 146-8, 152.
• Letterbreen, 183.
• Lettered cave, 87.
• Leucophibia, 16.
• Limerick, county, 44, 71, 74, 83, 156, 218-219.
• Limpets, 204.
• Lindisfarn, bishop of, 36.
• Linen, 105.
• Linlithgow, crannogs in, 32.
• Lisanisk, crannog of, 151, 195.
• Lisbellaw, crannog near, 134-135, 188-191.
• Lisnacroghera, crannog of, 33, 58, 60, 63, 65, 68, 71, 84, 104, 109, 116, 119, 173-177.
• Llangorse Lake, pile-dwelling in, 18.
• Loch-an-Scuir: see Lough Scur.
• Loch Cairgin, 154.
• Loch Crannoige, 154.
• Loch-da-Damh, 158, 203.
• Loch Dowalton, 15-16.
• Loch Kinord, 15.
• Loch Laodhachain, 155.
• Loch Laighaire, 155-156.
• Loch-n-Uaithne: see Lough Ooney.
• Loch-na-Cloyduff, 87.
• Loch-na-Cula, 238.
• Loch of Forfar, 130.
• Loch Quien, 44 n.
• Loch Ruidhe, 155.
• Loch Saiglend, 156.
• Lochan Eilean, 15.
• Lochanacrannog, 27-28, 246.
• Lochinadorb, 15.
• Lochlea, 104, 155-156.
• Lockwood, W. T., 172.
• Log houses: see huts.
• London, pile dwellings in, 17, 250.
• Londonderry, 148.
• Longford, co., 33, 206.
• Loops, bronze, 177, 232.
• Lorony, pile dwellings at, 20.
• Lough Aconnick, crannog in, 203.
• Lough Acrussil, crannog in, 187.
• Lough Annagh, crannogs in, 23, 69, 208-210.
• Lough Arrow, crannogs in, 245-246.
• Lough Betha: see Lough Veagh.
• Lough Bola, 34, 229.
• Lough Cam, 35, 229.
• Lough Cend, 156.
• Lough Cimbe, 36, 157, 229.
• Lough Crannagh, 28, 177.
• Lough Crannog, 203.
• Lough Derg, 212.
• Lough Erne, 184, 187 n.
• Lough Eyes, crannogs in, 59, 87, 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 99, 100, 123, 135, 188-191.
• Lough Falcon, or Faughan, crannog in, 92, 137, 178.
• Lough Fea, crannog in, 193.
• Lough Foyle, 151.
• Lough Gill, 248-249.
• Lough Guile, crannog in, 141-2, 169.
• Lough Gur, crannog in, 6, 25, 27, 63, 69, 74, 78, 150, 156.
• Lough Gur, crannog in, repaired, 27.
• Lough Gur, crannog in, siege of, 150.
• Lough Gur, discovery in, 25.
• Lough Hackett, crannog in, 36, 157, 229.
• Lough Hilbert, 33.
• Lough-inis-olyn: see Lough Shillen.
• Lough Leisi, crannog in, 154.
• Lough Lynch, crannog in, 152, 177.
• Lough Lynch, birthplace of Colkitto, 153.
• Lough Mac Hugh, crannogs in, 243.
• Lough Macnean, crannogs in, 28, 188.
• Lough Mask, 33.
• Lough Melvin, crannog in, 154.
• Lough Monnachin, crannog in, 151, 195.
• Lough Mourne, crannogs in, 171, 173.
• Lough Mucknoe, crannog in, 151, 195.
• Lough-na-Glack, crannog in, 81, 195.
• Lough Nahinch, crannog in, 32, 35, 44, 73, 212, 215.
• Lough Naneevin, crannog in, 32, 224-225.
• Lough Neagh, 28, 169.
• Lough Neagh, islands of, 157.
• Lough Ooney, crannog in, 156, 193.
• Lough Oughter, crannogs in, 155, 203.
• Lough Owel, crannog in, 47-8, 206.
• Lough Ramor, crannogs in, 73, 157, 202.
• Lough Ravel, crannog in, 46, 58, 118, 124, 163-4, 177.
• Lough Rinn, crannog of, 242.
• Lough Ronel, crannog of, 177.
• Lough Ross, crannog of, 178.
• Lough Rouskey, crannog of, 151.
• Lough Sallagh, 242.
• Lough Scur, crannog of, 72, 240, 241-2.
• Lough Shillen, crannog of, 148-9, 181.
• Lough Shillen, crannog of, attack on the, 148-9.
• Lough Swilly, 181.
• Lough Veagh, crannog in, 154, 180.
• Lough Yoan, crannog in, 187.
• Loughan Island, 67, 136-7, 152, 155, 181.
• Loughannaderriga, crannog in, 230-232.
• Loughavarra, crannog in, 153, 177.
• Loughavilly, crannog in, 37, 191-2.
• Loughernegilly, crannog in, 167.
• Loughinchefeaghny, crannog in, 164.
• Loughinsholin, crannog in, 148, 152.
• Loughlea, crannog in, 233.
• Loughmagarry, crannog in, 164-5.
• Loughran: see Loughan.
• Loughrea, crannogs in, 32-3, 157, 225-229.
• Loughrea, town of, 228, 229.
• Loughspouts, 104.
• Loughtamand, Loughtarmin, or Loughtoman, crannog of, 33, 120, 142, 165, 166.
• Loughtee, lower, 195.
• Loughtown crannog, 243.
• Louth, co., 158.
• Lubbock, Sir T., 3, 5, 6, 11, 113.
• Luchtiné, 174.
• Lydian stone, 120, 194.
• Lyell, Sir C., 217.
• MacClancy, crannog of, 154.
• MacGauran, crannog of, 154.
• MacHenry, Alexander, grant to, for crannog exploration, 177.
• MacNavin, crannog of, 149-150, 229.
• MacQuillan, crannog of, 33, 153, 165.
• MacRaighnaill, crannog of, 242.
• Madder: see mether.
• Madagascar, pile dwellings in, 23.
• Mafar, pile dwellings of, 20.
• Magh-gabhlin: see Mongavlin.
• Magh Ross, parish of, 50.
• Malachy, King, destroys a crannog, 202.
• Malahone, tougher of, 209.
• Malcomson, Dr., 197.
• Mallets, 104, 237 n.
• Mammalia, crannog, 74-79.
• Mammoth: see Elephas primigenius.
• Manacles: see fetters.
• Manorhamilton, crannog near, 243.
• Maol: see oxen, various breeds of.
• Maori pah, 36.
• Maricaibo, pile dwellings of, 19-22.
• Marlacoo Lough, crannog of, 178.
• Maryborough, crannog near, 220.
• Mausniam, pile dwellings of, 20.
• Mayo, co., 33, 230-232.
• Meader: see mether.
• Meath, co., 56, 82, 90, 171, 193, 194, 204.
• Mecklenberg, pile dwellings in, 11.
• Megaceros Hibernicus, contemporaneity of with man, 4, 5, 6, 71, 75, 187, 217, 222, 227, 234.
• Megaceros Hibernicus, worked bones of, 187.
• Melon-shaped beads, 123.
• Mether, 103, 226 n.
• Mevagh, crannog in, 150.
• Mexican MS., 219.
• Mexico, pile dwellings of, 19, 250.
• Milligan, Seaton, on crannogs, 203.
• Millstones: see querns.
• Mineral tallow, 79.
• Miscellaneous articles, 138-145, 176-177, 231-232, 234, 243, 244.
• Moate, crannog near, 136, 205.
• Model of a crannog, 40, 242.
• Modern period, crannogs inhabited to a, 149-150.
• Moinenoe, crannog of, 186.
• Monaghan, co., 35, 36, 42, 79, 81, 83, 135, 151, 156, 193-196.
• Monaincha, crannog of, 212.
• Monalty, crannog of, 195-6.
• Monea, crannog of, 69-70, 191.
• Money: see coins.
• Mongavlin, crannog of, 151.
• Morant, G., 39, 42, 193, 195.
• Moray, crannogs in, 15, 32.
• Mortar, stone, 199 n.
• Mortise: see beams.
• Moulds, stone, 72-3, 199 n., 202, 206, 218, 219, 242.
• Moycullen, barony of, 224.
• Moytirra, 99, 173.
• Muckenagh Lough, crannog in, 154, 233.
• Muddy Lake, crannog in, 207.
• Mudge, Capt. W. S., R. N., crannog hut discovered by, 37, 39, 40-41.
• Muinter Eolius, crannog in, 152, 243.
• Mummy, Irish, 54.
• Munro, Dr. R., 15, 100, 104, 113, 123, 130.
• Munster, crannogs in, 146, 212-220, 249.
• Murders in crannogs, 151, 154, 155, 237, 239, 242.
• Museum, R. H. A. A. I., 182 n., 183.
• Music, 125-128.
• Nails, iron, 25, 208.
• Navan Rath: see Eamhain.
• Needles, bone, 142, 195, 205 n., 235 n.
• Needles, bronze, 142, 164, 168 n., 196.
• Needles, iron, 141, 142, 168.
• Neolithic period, 160.
• Net floats, 53, 200 n.
• Net weights, 50, 164 n., 199 n.
• Nets, fishing, 80, 81.
• New Guinea, pile dwellings in, 20.
• Newry Magazine, 126.
• New Zealand, 36.
• Niello, 66.
• Nodule, ornamented, 115-16.
• Noggin: see mether.
• Nore, river, 70.
• Norman Baron, crannog erected by a, 155.
• Norrys, Sir D. J., 127-8 n.
• Northmen, crannog erected by, 155.
• Nuts: see hazel.
• Oak, block of, 189, 190, 192.
• Oak bowl, 82.
• Oak forest age, 7.
• Oak trough, 211.
• Oak vessel, 187, 192.
• Ober Meilen, pile dwellings at, 11-12.
• Ocean, inbreak of the, 217.
• O’Curry, Eugene, 129, 134.
• O’Flaherty, 34, 122.
• Ogham, 132-5, 237 n.
• Ogham, definition of, 133.
• Ogham found in crannogs, 133-135.
• Ogham, how used, 134.
• Ogham-like inscriptions undecipherable, 107-8.
• Ogham stone, 134.
• Oilean-na-prechaun, 246.
• O’Lynn’s Island, 148-9.
• O’Neill, Sir Phelim, takes refuge in a crannog, 88 n., 148.
• Opus Hibernicum, 137.
• O’Raighilligh, crannog of, 155.
• Oriel, crannog in, 158.
• Orinoco, pile dwellings on the, 22.
• Ornament, 205 n., 210 n.
• Ornamentation, bird-headed, 121.
• Ornamentation, cross-like, 89, 219.
• Ornamentation, difference in, may imply difference in race, 113.
• Ornamentation on sword, 219.
• Osmunda regalis, 231.
• Oval stone, 196 n., 199 n.
• Overlapping of stone, bronze, and iron ages, 160, 174.
• Ovoid bone, 237 n.
• Owen, Professor Richard, 5, 182.
• Oxen, bones of, 168 n., 178 n., 185 n., 205, 225, 226, 245, 246, 248.
• Oxen, various breeds of, 75-79.
• Paddles, canoe, 50-51, 126, 141, 144, 168, 183, 186, 193, 231, 243.
• Pad Lough, crannog of, 191.
• Pagan age, scenes laid in the, 129.
• Palæolithic period, overlapping of the, 160.
• Palisades: see stockades.
• Pan, iron, 84, 85, 235 n.
• Partitions: see wicker-work.
• Pass Bridge, 207.
• Patch on dish, 183.
• Patina, 232.
• Patterson, W. H., 121.
• Paul V., Pope, Bulla of, 235 n.
• Pavements, superincumbent, 32, 234.
• Peat, preservative, property of, 54.
• Peat, time required for formation of, 6-7, 46, 101.
• Peg holes, 231, 247.
• Pegs, wooden, 104, 182, 235 n.
• Penannular bracelets, 118.
• Penannular rings, 118, 177.
• Pendant, stone, 115.
• Peninsula, crannog situated on a, 200-1.
• Perforated stones, 142.
• Personal adornment, articles of, 36, 105-125.
• Perth, crannogs in, 32 n.
• Pestle, stone, 207.
• Petrie, Dr., 23, 24, 56, 82, 117, 129.
• Petrie collection, 111, 117, 118, 122-3, 132, 137, 204.
• Phasis, pile-dwellings in, 10.
• Pictish axe, 62.
• Picts’ houses, 82.
• Piercer, bone, 199 n., 227 n.
• Pig: see boar.
• Pile-dwellings of all countries, 10-23.
• Piles, 163, 166, 167, 172, 177-8, 182, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 197, 200, 201, 205, 208, 209, 214, 216, 220, 222, 223, 224, 226, 227, 228, 231, 233, 236, 240, 243, 248.
• Pins, bone, 105, 106, 109, 141, 168 n., 195, 199 n., 205, 206 n., 208, 233 n., 235 n., 237 n.
• Pins, bone, leading varieties of, 111-114.
• Pins, bone, manner pendants were inserted, 108.
• Pins, bronze, 88, 105, 141, 144, 168 n., 193, 195, 196, 196 n., 199 n., 206 n., 207 n., 227 n., 232, 233, 234 n., 235 n., 237.
• Pins, iron, 105, 111, 141, 233 n.
• Pins, numerous in crannogs, 105.
• Pins, wooden, 141, 168.
• Pipe-clay, crucible, 120, 200 n.
• Pipe, iron, 143, 204 n.
• Pipes, bowls of, 200 n.
• Piscatory implements, 80-1, 144-5, 195.
• Pistols, 195, 210 n.
• Planks: see beams.
• Platters, wooden, 102.
• Plough coulters, iron, 195.
• Ploughshare, flint, 178 n.
• Plough sock, 168, 141, 178 n.
• Polishing stones, 199 n., 235 n.
• Polynesia, pile dwellings in, 20.
• Pomerania, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Pommel, sword, 66-7.
• Portlenon, crannog near, 206.
• Poteen: see distillation.
• Pottery, 42, 88, 89, 91, 96-9, 141, 164 n., 168 n., 169, 178, 181, 182, 185, 186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 196, 199 n., 202 n., 204 n.
• Pottery, characteristic in style, 91.
• Pottery, colour of, 102.
• Pottery, hand-made, 102.
• Pottery, Indian resembles Irish, 91.
• Pottery, Irish, superior to British, 91.
• Pottery, lids found with, 94-5.
• Pottery, material of, 102.
• Pottery not suggestive of Christian times, 98.
• Pottery, resembles mortuary fictilia, 91, 99.
• Pottery, well baked, 102.
• Pounding instrument, 74, 192.
• Prehistoric archæology, 2.
• Prisoners kept in crannogs, 154.
• Proverbs, Irish, 37, 46.
• Pteris aquilina, 224.
• Puzzuoli, 217.
• Quarry island, 185.
• Queen’s Co., crannogs in, 70, 124, 208-211.
• “Queen’s people,” crannog taken from the, 150.
• Querns, 42, 85, 86, 88, 90, 163, 178, 183, 183 n., 185 n., 186, 187, 190, 191, 196 n., 199 n., 209, 227 n., 241, 242.
• Quern, cross inscribed, 88.
• Querns, how worked, 86.
• Querns, mentioned in scripture, 86.
• Quern, pot, 86.
• Quoit stone, 199 n.
• Raghan, crannog of, 88 n., 148, 180.
• Rahans lake, crannog in, 196.
• Ramoi river, pile-dwellings in the, 20.
• Randalstown, crannog of, 141, 163, 167-8.
• Rangoon river, pile-dwellings on the, 19-20.
• Raphoe, barony of, 180.
• Rapier blade, bronze, 60, 61, 171 n., 203, 237 n.
• Rapier dagger, bronze, 171 n.
• Realgar, 104.
• Red-deer: see deer.
• Redhaven, crannog near, 150.
• Reed island, 225-226.
• Reeves, Dr., 120, 152, 164, 165, 167.
• Refining: see crucibles.
• Refuse-heaps: see kitchen middens.
• Rein-deer: see Cervus tarandus.
• Repulse of Sir Henry Sidney from a crannog, 36, 147-8.
• Rhind lectures, 174.
• Rings, bronze, 72, 109, 118, 196 n., 199 n., 233 n., 235 n., 237 n.
• Rings, iron, 199 n.
• Rings, stag’s horn, 235.
• Rings, stone, 121, 201 n., 206 n.
• Rinn Castle, 242.
• Rise of the waters of lakes, 3, 214, 226, 229.
• Rivers, General A. P., collection of, 218.
• Rivets, bronze, 119, 173, 174, 177, 196.
• Robenhausen, settlement of, 79.
• Robe, river, 34.
• Roman coins, 235 n., 236.
• Roman origin of ladle, 83.
• Roman origin of lamp, 235-6.
• Rosario, pile-dwellings at, 22.
• Roscavey, townland of, 179.
• Roscommon co., 35, 82, 90, 113, 152, 154, 233-239.
• Roscrea, crannog near, 212.
• Ross, crannogs in, 32.
• Ross-Guill: see Mevagh.
• Roughan: see Raghan.
• Rouskey, crannog of, 83, 151, 195.
• Rubbing-stone, 192, 227 n.
• Saddle, 136.
• Saint Columbkille alludes to a crannog, 158.
• Saint John’s Lough, crannog in, 243.
• Saint Johnstown, crannog near, 181.
• Saint Lasser’s Cell, 38.
• Saint Patrick, advent of, 56.
• Saint Patrick, crannog mentioned in Life of, 158.
• Salwatee, pile dwellings at, 20.
• Sanas Cormaic, 174.
• Sandals, leather, 40, 144, 235 n.
• Savoy, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Saws, iron, 84.
• Scales, 142, 166.
• Scenes of strife in crannogs, 147-159, 244.
• Schlieman, discoveries of, 41 n., 90.
• Scoop, bone, 59, 235 n.
• Scoop, wooden water, 141, 168 n., 237 n.
• Scoring on pins, 106-9.
• Scotland, crannogs of, 32.
• Scottish crannog, lease given of, 31 n.
• Scottish crannogs, 15, 16, 27, 31, 83, 104.
• Scottish crannogs, colouring matter found in, 104.
• Scottish crannogs, identical with the Irish, 31, 249-250.
• Scottish crannogs, number discovered, 31.
• Sculptured stone, 186.
• Scythes, bronze, 178.
• Seal-like articles, 112.
• Sea pebbles, 228, 232.
• Sea shells, 204, 225 n.
• Shancloon, rath of, 197.
• Shannon, river, 81, 106, 159, 212.
• Sharpeners: see whetstones.
• Shears, iron, 112, 168 n., 206 n., 227 n.,235 n.
• Sheep, bones of, 75, 168 n., 178 n., 185 n., 190, 204, 205, 219, 225-26, 234.
• Sheephaven, 150.
• Shell marl, deposit of, over crannogs, 223, 224.
• Shell mounds, 73.
• Shield, bronze, 69, 71, 219 n.
• Shield, bronze boss of, 196 n.
• Shoe: see sandal.
• Shore Island, 226.
• Siberia, 54.
• Sickles, iron, 176, 235 n.
• Siculus, Diodorus, 128.
• Sidney, Lord Deputy, 36, 147-8.
• Silver, bronze inlaid with, 227 n.
• Silver brooch, 164.
• Silver coins: see coins.
• Silver ornaments, 120, 121.
• Silurian grit, artificially worked, 214, 227.
• Similarity of “finds” in Irish and Scottish lake dwellings, 83, 249-50.
• Singapore, pile dwellings at, 21.
• Sink-stones: see net weights.
• Skeans: see knives.
• Skeletons: see human remains.
• Skerry, parish of, 110, 173.
• Slag, iron, 70, 183 n., 184, 187, 188, 192, 199.
• Slate, article of, 199.
• Slieve Dæane, 246.
• Sligo, co., 104, 131, 152, 153, 243, 249.
• Sligo river, 248-9.
• Sling-stones, 73, 179, 205 n., 227 n., 232.
• Society, disturbed state of, 159.
• Solinus on the Irish, 174 n.
• Southwark, remains of pile dwellings at, 17.
• Spades, 168, 210 n.
• Spatula-shaped bone, 140.
• Spear butts, bronze, 63-5, 174, 177.
• Spear handle, bronze, 171.
• Spear heads, bone, 233 n., 235 n.
• Spear heads, bronze, 88, 163, 171, 179, 196 n., 203, 205, 210 n., 218, 219 n., 228, 234 n., 237, 242.
• Spear heads, iron, 62, 63, 174, 176, 178, 179, 186, 204 n.
• Spear heads, stone, 194, 225 n.
• Spear shafts, 63-64.
• Speke, Captain, 47.
• Spike, bone, 233.
• Spike, iron, 181, 233 n.
• Spike, wooden, 205 n.
• Spindle whorls: see whorls.
• Spiral ornamentation, 206 n.
• Spoon, bone, 140, 199 n.
• Stag’s horn ring, 144.
• Stakes: see piles.
• Stanley, T., 208, 209.
• Staves, 183, 232, 235.
• Steel age, 55.
• Stirling, crannogs in, 32.
• Stirrup: see horse furniture.
• Stockades, 30, 36, 200, 233, 234, 241.
• Stone age, antiquities of, 170.
• Stone age, late, animal ornamentation rare in, 113.
• Stone age, late, geometrical pattern characteristic of, 113.
• Stone, bronze, and iron ages, 55-6.
• Stone, carved, 164 n., 206 n., 207.
• Stone, perforated, 172, 199 n.
• Stone implements no proof of barbarous society, 160.
• Stone lake dwellings, 33-4, 155, 203.
• Stones, worked, 169, 199 n., 201 n., 205 n.
• Story’s history, 209 n.
• Strange medley, antiquities found in, 56.
• Strathspey, crannog in, 15.
• Street cuttings, antiquities found in, 111.
• Stretcher: see beams.
• Strife, crannogs scenes of, 147-159.
• Strokestown, crannogs near, 33, 113, 132, 133, 144-5, 237.
• Stud, bronze, 119, 177.
• Submarine crannogs, 29-30, 215-217.
• Subsidence of crannogs, 189, 215, 217.
• Sulphuret, yellow, 104.
• Sunken island, 245.
• Supposed origin of Scottish crannogs, 18.
• Sus scrofa: see boar.
• Swastica, 89, 116.
• Swine: see boar.
• Swiss fascine dwellings resemble Irish, 12-13.
• Switzerland, lake dwellings in, 11-15.
• Swords, bronze, 60-61, 170-171, 203, 237 n.
• Swords, hafts of, 60, 66-7, 174-5, 233 n.
• Swords, iron, 60, 65, 166, 173, 174, 175, 204 n., 206, 210 n., 211, 218-19, 225.
• Swords, sheaths of, 65, 66, 173, 175.
• Taughboyne, parish of, 151, 180.
• Tchakash, city of, built on piles, 19.
• Teeth of ruminants: see bones.
• Tempest, crannogs damaged by a, 154, 157.
• Tempo, crannogs near, 187.
• Thames, ancient pile dwellings on the, 17-18, 250.
• The Island, 163.
• The Miracles, crannog of, 37, 73, 192-193.
• “The old crannog,” 206.
• Tigearnmas, the monarch, 104.
• Tinnehinch, barony of, 208.
• Timahoe, glass bead from, 124.
• Tines: see deer.
• Tipperary, co., 35, 44, 212-215.
• Tireragh, barony of, 246.
• Tobernasoul, 188.
• Toilet, articles of the, 105-125.
• Tonymore: see Cloneygonnel.
• Tondano, pile dwellings at, 20.
• Tongs, 168.
• Tools, iron, 67-68.
• Tools, transition from to weapons, 57.
• Toomebar, crannog settlement of, 35, 169-171.
• Toomebridge, 169.
• Toome Castle, 170.
• Toome, Lower, barony of, 164, 165.
• Topped Mountain, 191.
• Torque pattern, 118, 237.
• Touchstones: see jasper.
• Trappings, horse, 136-138.
• Trap rock, celts of, 170.
• Traps for catching game, 90-91.
• Triangular iron pot, 243.
• Trillick: see Drumdarragh.
• Tripod, iron, 25, 83.
• Trowel, iron, 210 n.
• Troy, 41.
• Trumpets, bronze, 126.
• Tuatha de Danann, 173, 174.
• Tullamore, 207 n., 209.
• Tulsk, 154.
• Tweezers, bronze, 115, 206 n., 233 n., 244.
• Tyrone, county, 60, 87, 88, 100, 179, 180.
• Ulster, circumstances favoured lake dwellings in, 33, 145, 146.
• Ulster inquisitions, 30, 163, 164, 165, 166.
• Ulster Journal of Archæology, 118, 133-134.
• Ulster, lake dwellings in, 163-203, 229.
• Ulster, scientific frontier of, 146.
• Ulster, staple industry of, traced back to crannogs, 105.
• Ulster, the chosen home of the lake dweller, 146.
• Umbo, bronze, 72.
• Unshin, River, 246.
• Usher, R. J., 216-217.
• Utensils, culinary, 25, 81, 83, 84, 191, 202.
• Vegetable remains, 73: see corn, grain, hazel.
• Venezuela, pile dwellings in, 19, 21-22.
• Venice, a pile settlement, 19, 250.
• Vessels, bronze, 183, 184, 187, 191, 202.
• Vessels, iron, 85, 166, 243.
• Vessels, wooden, 100, 141, 183, 187, 190, 192, 232, 236, 237.
• Vikings, strange customs of the, 130.
• Wakefield’s Ireland, 213.
• Wakeman, W. F., 23, 24, 25, 33, 52, 82, 97, 104, 116, 119, 123, 124, 129, 134, 183, 187, 191 n., 193 n., 212, 220.
• Walnuts, 73.
• Water, districts covered by, 8.
• Water levels, variety of, 8, 165, 167, 169, 171, 181, 192, 195, 202, 205, 216, 219-20, 236, 245, 248.
• Waterford, co., 29-30, 215-217, 234.
• Weapons, ancient account of fabrication of, 173-174.
• Weapons: see swords, spears, daggers, knives, axes.
• Weaving, bone utilized in, 105.
• Weaving, block utilized in, or as net float, 200 n.
• Weaving in crannogs, 105.
• Web polishers, 199 n.
• Westmeath, co., 47, 126, 136.
• Wexford, co., 40, 44.
• Wheel-shaped objects, 112, 142.
• Whet-stones, 69, 164 n., 168 n., 183 n., 185 n., 187 n., 190, 191, 192, 194 n., 195, 199, 205 n., 226 n., 232 n., 233, 235 n., 237.
• White bronze: see findruin.
• Whorls, 130-132, 142, 164 n., 169, 196 n., 199 n., 210 n.
• Whorls, cross-marked, 90.
• Whorls, great numbers of, 104.
• Whorls, in classic sculptures, 105.
• Wicker-work, 32, 33, 214, 223, 224, 225-226, 228.
• Wigtonshire, crannogs in, 32, 40 n.
• Wild animals, 4-6, 250.
• Wild fruit, 73.
• Wilde, Sir W., 23, 126, 139, 140, 206, 237.
• Willow platter, 102, 227.
• Wilson’s Prehistoric Annals of Scotland, 124.
• Wolf-hound, 75.
• Wolf Loch, crannog in, 191.
• Wolves, 4, 75, 250.
• Wood, enduring properties of, 41.
• Wooded country, 3-4.
• Wooden articles from Lagore, 205 n.
• Wooden buildings, earliest form of, 43.
• Wooden cross, 112.
• Wooden hair-pins, 111-112.
• Wooden handle of celt, 59.
• Wooden objects, 104, 192, 231-232.
• Wooden sword, 40-41.
• Wooden vessels, 82, 100-102, 112, 183.
• Wray, Albert, 87, 97.
• Wurtemberg, lake dwellings in, 11.
• Yellow glass, 125.
• Yellow sulphuret, 104.
• Yew case, 117.
• Yokes, oxen, 79.
• Yorkshire, lake dwellings in, 15.
• Yorkshire lake-dwellings, colouring-matter found in, 104.
• Zaphrentis, 245.
• Zurich, pile dwellings near, 11.