The Migration of North American Birds (1935)

Acanthis linaria, 8.
Accipiter cooperi, 13.
velox, 13.
Aerial obstructions, 57.
Agelaius phoeniceus, 18.
Altitudes of travel, 22.
Anas platyrhynchos, 10.
rubripes, 16.
Ancestral home theory, 5, 6.
Anguilla, 24.
Anoüs stolidus, 24.
An thus spinoletta rubescens, 55.
Antrostomus carolinensis, 44.
Archilochus colubris, 59.
Arctic route, 52.
Arctonetta, 52.
Aristotle, 2, 3.
Arquatella maritima, 34.
Astur atricapillus, 8.
Atlantic coast route, 42.
Atlantic oceanic route, 39.

Baeolophus bicolor, 62.
Baldpate, 47.
Banding studies, 61.
Bartramia longicauda, 11.
Blackbird, 26, 27, 45.
Brewer's, 26.
European, 3.
red-winged, 18, 26, 28, 30.
rusty, 52.
yellow-headed, 26.
Bluebird, 6, 27, 30, 60.
Bluethroat, 15.
Bobolink, 26, 44, 53, 54
Bobwhite, 27, 62, 63.
Bombycilla garrula, 8.
garrula pallidiceps, 56.
Bonasa umbellus, 62.
Brant, 42.
Branta bernicola, 42.
canadensis, 11.
canadensis minima, 48.
Bubo virginianus, 27.
Bullbat, 26.
Bunting, snow, 27.
Buteo borealis, 12.
lagopus, 13.
platypterus, 13.
regalis, 13.
swainsoni, 13.

Calcarius lapponicus, 30, 57.
Calidris canutus, 34.
Canvasback, 42.
Capella delicata, 30.
Cardinal, 27, 62.
Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis, 62.
purpureus, 56.
Casmerodius albus egretta, 55.
Cathartes aura, 27.
Causes of migration, 5.
Chaetura pelagica, 4.
Chamaea fasciata, 62.
Chen caerulescens, 18.
hyperborea, 26.
rossi, 49.
Chickadee, 5, 55.
black-capped, 63.
Carolina, 63.
Chordeiles minor, 6.
minor minor, 52.
Chuck-will's-widow, 44.
Clarke, W. E., 3.
Coccyzus americanus, 44.
erythropthalmus, 44.
Colaptes auratus, 52.
Colinus virginianus, 62.
Compsothlypidae, 26.
Corvus brachyrhynchos, 18.
Coturnix coturnix, 2.
Coues, Elliott, 3.
Cowbird, 24.
Crane, 2, 3, 4, 12, 22, 23.
Creeper, brown, 57.
Crocethia alba, 23.
Crossbill, 5, 26.
Crow, 15, 18, 26.
Clark's, 55.
Cuckoo, black-billed, 44.
yellow-billed, 44.
Cyanocitta cristata, 27.
Cyanosylvia suecica, 15.

Dafila acuta, 18.
Dendroica aestiva, 11.
aestiva aestiva, 52.
caerulescens, 10.
coronata, 52.
palmarum, 29.
palmarum hypochrysea, 29.
palmarum palmarum, 29.
pinus, 29.
striata, 13.
tigrina, 30.
Distances, 27.
Diurnal migration, 11.
Diving bird, 12.
Dolichonyx oryzivorus, 44.
Dove, 3.
mourning, 15.
turtle, 2.
Duck, 2, 11, 12, 15, 26, 27, 30, 34, 43, 45, 47, 52.
black, 16, 27, 42, 46.
eider, 52.
scaup, 42.
sea, 48.

Eel, 24.
Egret, 55.
Egretta thula thula, 55.
Euphagus carolinus, 52.
Exhaustion, 59.

Falco peregrinus, 15.
Falcon, peregrine, 15.
Finch, 34.
house, 62.
purple, 56.
rosy, 55.
Fishes, 24.
Flicker, 52.
Flight speed, 13.
Florida caerulea caerulea, 55.
Flycatcher, 11, 12, 15, 25.
Fregata minor, 25.

Gätke, Heinrich, 14.
Geothlypis trichas, 28.
Goose, 2, 3, 11, 12, 15, 17, 27, 43, 45, 46, 47.
blue, 18, 26, 46, 47.
cackling, 48.
Canada, 11, 17, 18, 26, 42, 43, 60.
emperor, 52.
Ross's, 49.
snow, 26.
Goshawk, 8.
Grackle, 30.
bronzed, 26.
Great Lakes route, 45.
Grebe, 27.
Grosbeak, 37, 56.
black-headed, 29.
evening, 56.
pine, 55.
rose-breasted, 26, 37.
Groups, movements of, 8.
Grouse, ruffed, 62.
Gull, 12, 13, 52, 56, 59.
herring, 56.
Ross's, 52.

Hawk, 2, 12, 15, 22, 27, 34.
broad-winged, 13.
Cooper's, 13.
duck, 15.
red-tailed, 12.
rough-legged, 13.
sharp-shinned, 13.
Swainson's, 12, 13.
Hedymeles ludovicianus, 26.
melanocephalus, 29.
Helmitheros vermivorus, 46.
Herodotus, 2.
Heron, 15.
black-crowned night, 55.
little blue, 55.
snowy, 55.
Hesiod, 2.
Hesperiphona vespertina, 56.
Hirundinidae, 3.
Hirundo erythrogaster, 15.
Historical accounts, 3.
Homer, 2.
Hummingbird, ruby-throated, 59.
Hylocichla minima aliciae, 17.

Icterus spurius, 6.
Insects, 24.

Jacksnipe, 30.
Jaeger, parasitic, 52.
Jay, 62.
blue, 27, 28, 62.
Junco, 7, 27, 55.
common, 7.
slate-colored, 30, 52, 57.
Junco hyemalis, 7.
hyemalis hyemalis, 52.

Kingbird, 26, 44.
common, 34.
Kingfisher, belted, 27.
Kinglet, 58.
golden-crowned, 57.
Kite, 3.
Kittiwake, red-legged, 52.
Knot, 34.

Lanius ludovicianus, 29.
Lapwing, 23.
Lark, horned, 15.
meadow, 27, 57.
Larus argentatus smithsonianus, 56.
Leucosticte, 55.
Lobipes lobatus, 23.
Longspur, 27, 57.
Lapland, 30, 57.
Loon, 12.
yellow-billed, 63, 64.
Lophortyx californica, 62.
Loxia curvirostra, 5.
leucoptera, 5.

Mackenzie Valley route, 45.
Magnus, Olaus, 3.
Mallard, 16, 18, 25, 27, 42.
Man-o'-war bird, 25.
Mareca americana, 47.
Martin, purple, 8.
Megaceryle alcyon, 27.
Melanitta, 48.
deglandi, 43.
Melospiza melodia, 26.
Migration, advantages of, 4.
altitudes, 22.
distances, 27.
diurnal, 11.
fall, 29.
historical accounts, 3.
long-distance, 30.
mystery of, 3.
nocturnal, 11.
perils, 56.
problems, 61.
routes, 33.
segregation during, 25.
short, 27.
species and groups, 8.
speed, 13.
theories of causes, 5.
undetermined, 27.
vagrant, 55.
variable, 28.
vertical, 55.
weather, 59.
Mimus polyglottos, 63.
Mississippi Valley route
Mniotilta varia, 9.
Mockingbird, 63.
Movements of residents
Murre, 24.
Myiochanes richardsoni, 55
Mystery of migration, 3.

Nannus hiemalis, 27.
Nighthawk, 6, 12, 26, 30, 44, 45.
eastern, 52.
Nocturnal migration, 11.
Nucifraga columbiana, 55.
Nutcracker, 55.
Nuthatch, 5.
white-breasted, 63.
Nyctea nyctea, 8.
Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli, 55.
Nyroca affinis, 42.
americana, 42.
marila, 42.
valisineria, 42.

Oidemia, 48.
Oncorhynchus, 24.
Oporornis formosus, 46.
Orientation, 23.
Oriole, 11.
orchard, 6.
Otus asio, 63.
Ovenbird, 52, 60.
Owl, great horned, 27.
screech, 63.
snowy, 8, 56.

Pacific coast route, 47.
Pacific oceanic route, 49.
Passerculus princeps, 34.
Passerella iliaca fuliginosa, 28.
iliaca iliaca, 28.
Pelican, 3, 12, 22.
Penthestes atricapillus, 5.
carolinensis, 63.
Perils, aerial obstructions, 57.
exhaustion, 59.
migration, 56.
storms, 56.
Petrochelidon albifrons, 13.
Pewee, western wood, 55.
Phalarope, 27.
northern, 23.
Philacte canagica, 52.
Philohela minor, 30.
Photoperiodism theory, 6.
Pigeon, homing, 25.
racing, 24.
Pinicola, 55.
Pintail, 18, 47.
Pipit, 55.
Piranga erythromelas, 26.
ludoviciana, 49.
Plectrophenax nivalis, 27.
Pliny, 3.
Plover, 12.
American golden, 15.
eastern golden, 50.
golden, 39, 40, 50, 51, 59.
Pacific golden, 49, 54.
upland, 11.
Pluvialis dominica, 15.
dominica dominica, 49.
dominica fulva, 49.
Pooecetes gramineus, 30.
Porzana Carolina, 59.
Problems, migration, 61.
Progne subis, 8.

Quail, 2.
California, 62.
migratory, 2.
western, 27.
Querquedula discors, 42.
Quiscalus quiscula, 26.

Rail, 3, 11, 12.
Carolina, 59.
Raven, 15.
Redhead, 42, 47, 65.
Redpoll, 8.
Redstart, 11, 38, 52.
Residents, movements of, 62.
Rhodostethia rosea, 52.
Richmondena cardinalis, 27.
Riparia riparia, 44.
Rissa brevirostris, 52.
Robin, 6, 18, 19, 20, 26, 28, 45, 52, 57.
Routes, 33.
Arctic, 52.
Atlantic coast, 42.
Atlantic oceanic, 39.
evolution of, 52.
Great Lakes, 45.
Mackenzie Valley, 45.
Mississippi Valley, 45.
narrow, 34.
Pacific coast, 47.
Pacific oceanic, 49.
wide, 34.
Rowan, William, 7.

Salmon, 24.
Salpinctes obsoletus, 29.
Sanderling, 23.
Sandpiper, 12, 23.
Bartramian, 11.
purple, 34.
Sapsucker, Williamson's, 55.
Scaup, 42.
Scoter, 48, 49.
white-winged, 43, 49
Segregation, 25.
Seiurus aurocapilla, 52.
Setophaga ruticilla, 11, 38.
Shore bird, 6, 11, 26, 27, 31, 34, 39, 40, 45, 46.
Shoveler, 43.
Shrike, 15, 27.
loggerhead, 29.
Sialia sialis, 6.
Sitta canadensis, 5.
carolinensis, 5.
Snipe, 12.
Wilson's, 30.
Snowbird, 7.
Somateria, 52.
Sora, 59.
Sparrow, 11, 25, 26, 27, 45, 57, 58.
chipping, 30.
eastern chipping, 52.
eastern fox, 28.
field, 29.
Harris's, 34, 35, 36.
Ipswich, 34.
song, 26, 27, 28.
sooty fox, 28.
swamp, 57.
tree, 27, 30, 57.
vesper, 30.
white-throated, 57, 63.
Spatula clypeata, 43.
Species, movements of, 8.
Speed, flight, 13.
migration, 13.
Sphyrapicus thyroideus, 55.
Spizella arborea, 27.
passerina, 30.
passerina passerina, 52.
pusilla, 29.
Starling, 3.
Stercorarius parasiticus, 52.
Sterna forsteri, 31.
fuscata, 24.
hirundo, 31.
paradisaea, 31.
Stork, 2, 3, 4, 23.
Storms, 56.
Sturnella, 27.
Swallow, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 13, 22, 26, 27, 46.
bank, 44.
barn, 15, 30, 45.
cliff, 13, 22, 30.
hibernating, 3.
Swan, 3.
Swift, 4, 12, 15, 27.
chimney, 4, 26.

Tanager, 45, 49.
scarlet, 26, 36.
western, 49.
Teal, 43.
blue-winged, 42, 43.
Telmatodytes palustris, 27.
Tern, 25.
arctic, 31, 33, 51, 52.
common, 31.
Forster's, 31.
noddy, 24.
sooty, 24.
Theories of migration, 5.
Thrush, 3, 11, 15, 25, 30, 45, 58.
American hermit, 15.
gray-cheeked, 17, 44.
hermit, 57.
wood, 45.
Thryothorus ludovicianus, 27.
Titlark, 55.
Titmouse, 27.
tufted, 62.
Turdus migratorius, 6.
migratorius achrusterus, 28.
migratorius migratorius, 28.
Turtle, 4.
Tyrannus tyrannus, 34.

Vagrant migration, 55.
Vanellus vanellus, 23.
Vermivora chrysoptera, 46.
Vertical migration, 55.
Vireo, 11, 44, 57, 58.
red-eyed, 52.
Vireo olivaceus, 52.
Vulture, 22.
turkey, 27.

Warbler, 11, 13, 27, 45, 57, 58.
black-and-white, 9.
blackpoll, 13, 20, 45, 52.
black-throated blue, 10.
Cape May, 30.
eastern yellow, 52.
golden-winged, 46.
Kentucky, 46.
myrtle, 45, 52.
palm, 29.
pine, 29.
summer, 17.
wood, 25, 26.
worm-eating, 46.
yellow, 11, 17.
Waterfowl, 42.
Waxwing, 26, 27.
Bohemian, 8, 56.
Weather, influence of, 59.
Woodcock, 30.
Woodpecker, 27.
Wren, 12.
Carolina, 27, 62, 63.
long-billed marsh, 27.
rock, 29.
winter, 27, 57.
Wren-tit, 62.

Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, 26.

Yellowthroat, Maryland, 28.

Zonotrichia albicollis, 63.
querula, 34.