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The Myth of the Birth of the Hero: A psychological interpretation of mythology cover

The Myth of the Birth of the Hero: A psychological interpretation of mythology

Chapter 11: Perseus
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About This Book

The work surveys recurrent birth-and-origin motifs in hero legends from diverse cultures and subjects them to a psychoanalytic reading. It interprets patterns such as endangered infancy, concealment or exile, miraculous survival, and later triumph as symbolic expressions of familial tensions, birth-related anxieties, and ambivalent parent-child dynamics. Through comparative analysis and close readings of many traditional accounts, the author argues that these shared story-structures stem from universal psychic processes rather than solely from historical transmission. The study pairs theoretical discussion with illustrative case studies to support its psychological explanation.

Perseus

Akrisios, the king of Argos, had already reached an advanced age without having male progeny. As he desired a son, he consulted the Delphian oracle, but this warned him against male descendants, and informed him that his daughter Danae would bear a son through whose hand he would perish. In order to prevent this, his daughter was locked up by him in an iron chamber, which he caused to be carefully guarded. But Zeus penetrated through the roof, in the guise of a golden rain, and Danae became the mother of a boy. [39] One day Akrisios heard the voice of young Perseus in his daughter’s room, and in this way learned that she had given birth to a child. He killed the nurse, but carried his daughter with her son to the domestic altar of Zeus, to have an oath taken on the true father’s name. But he refuses to believe his daughter’s statement that Zeus is the father, and he encloses her with the child in a box, [40] which is cast into the sea. The box is carried by the waves to the coast of Seriphos, where Diktys, a fisherman, usually called a brother of King Polydektes, saves mother and child by drawing them out of the sea with his nets. Diktys leads the two into his house and keeps them as his relations. Polydektes, however, becomes enamoured of the beautiful mother, and as Perseus was in his way, he tried to remove him by sending him forth to fetch the head of the Gorgon Medusa. But against the king’s anticipations Perseus accomplishes this difficult task, and a number of heroic deeds besides. In throwing the discos, at play, he accidentally kills his grandfather, as foretold by the oracle. He becomes the king of Argos, then of Tiryath, and the builder of Mykene. [41]