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The Northmen in Britain

Chapter 4: Authorities
By Eleanor Hull
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History - BritishHistory - Medieval/Middle Ages

About This Book

The narrative traces the arrival and expansion of Norse and Danish seafarers in the British Isles, describing coastal raids, trade, and the establishment of settlements and earldoms. It interweaves material from Norse sagas and British and Irish chronicles to recount kingships, major battles, dynastic struggles, and episodes of conversion and settlement across Orkney, the Hebrides, Ireland, and England. Individual sagas and episodes illuminate Viking society, ship warfare, and cultural encounters, while later chapters follow the rise of Danish rule in England, notable rulers, and the gradual fading of the Viking era. Illustrations, maps, and source notes accompany the account.

Authorities

For the Sagas of the Norwegian Kings: Snorri Sturleson’s Heimskringla, or Sagas of the Kings of Norway. Translated by S. Laing and by W. Morris and E. Magnüsson

For Ragnar Lodbrog: Saxo Grammaticus and Lodbrog’s Saga

For Ragnar Lodbrog’s Death Song: Corpus Poeticum Boreale. Vigfusson and York Powell

For the Orkneys: Orkneyinga Saga

For the Battle of Brunanburh: Egil Skallagrimson’s Saga. Translated by W. C. Green

For the Story of Olaf the Peacock and Unn the Deep-minded: Laxdæla Saga. Translated by Mrs Muriel Press

For the Story of the Burning: Nial’s Saga. Translated by G. W. Dasent

For the Battle of Clontarf: Wars of the Gael and Gall. Edited by J. H. Todd; Nial’s Saga, and Thorstein’s Saga

For Murtough of the Leather Cloaks: The bard Cormacan’s Poem. Edited by J. O’Donovan (Irish Arch. Soc.)

English Chronicles: The English Chronicle; William of Malmesbury’s, Henry of Huntingdon’s, Florence of Worcester’s Chronicles; Asser’s Life of Alfred

Irish Chronicles: Annals of the Four Masters; of Ulster; Chronicum Scotorum; Three Fragments of Annals, edited by J. O’Donovan

I desire to thank Mrs Muriel Press and Mr W. C. Green for kind permission to make use of portions of their translations of Laxdæla and Egil’s Sagas; also Mr W. G. Collingwood for his consent to my adoption in my map of some of his boundaries from a map published in his Scandinavian Britain (S.P.C.K.); and to the Secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge for giving his sanction to this.