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The origins of art; a psychological & sociological inquiry cover

The origins of art; a psychological & sociological inquiry

Chapter 27: INDEX OF SUBJECTS
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About This Book

The work treats artistic activity as a psychological impulse shaped and constrained by social life, using ethnological and historical examples to test that thesis. It examines sensation and the feeling-tone of perception, the formation of emotions, and even the enjoyment of pain to show how expressive forms arise from inner states and communal interactions. The argument then deduces characteristic art-forms, considers art as relief and a means of information, and extends the inquiry to animal display and sexual selection, the origins of self-decoration and erotic imagery, and the relations between art, labor, warfare, and magic, closing with an integrated account of art’s origins and functions.

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

  • Acquired pleasure-gettings, 57
  • Acting, psychology of, 52, 53
  • Activity and feeling, 32-35;
  • activity involved in dolce far niente, 37
  • Æsthetic, its position as a science, 1, 2, 4, 5;
  • its development 1-3;
  • its methods, 5, 6
  • feelings, 141
  • judgment, presupposing some degree of intellectual and moral development, 188
  • of the hen, 187;
  • its development in apparent conflict with natural selection, 189
  • Agricultural rites, 287
  • Anæsthesia and self-woundings, 61-65
  • Ancestor worship, 175
  • Anger, 47, 48, 54, 62
  • Animal display, 186-202
  • Animating idols, means of, 291
  • Aphasia, 151
  • Apolline serenity versus Dionysiac rapture, 105
  • Architecture, the, of the Dyaks, 274;
  • of the Maoris, 275
  • Art, as explained by supernatural causes, 12;
  • as excitement and sedative, 70, 71;
  • as connected with sexual selection, 203-213;
  • its higher and lower forms, 140
  • the, of animals, 202
  • the reliever, 102-110
  • Art-impulse, the, 15, 18-29, 84, 85, 100, 101, 303;
  • a racial possession of mankind, 21, 22;
  • intellectualistic definitions, 23
  • Art-sense, the conditions of its development, 141, 142
  • Artistic intuition, 125
  • Association between pleasure and activity, 33
  • Attract by pleasing, impulse to, 24, 25, 186, 187, 214, 215, 233 sq.
  • “Attractive” qualities of the work of art, 99
  • Autotelic activities outside the department of art, 19, 20;
  • character of art, 7-15, 88, 304
  • “Balls on sockets,” 193
  • Bird-shaped amulets, 287
  • Boasting adornments, 222
  • Boating-songs and dances, 259, 260
  • Brilliancy, the physiological effects created by, 194-197
  • Choral dances, 261
  • Chorus, the, in the ancient drama, 94
  • Classification of instances of erotic art, 231-238
  • Clothing, the origin of, 204-206, 215-220
  • Cognitio sensitiva, 2
  • Collective feeling, 81, 82
  • psychology, 74-85
  • Consciousness of self, 62-64
  • Contempt, expression of, its importance in primitive tactics, 268, 269
  • Couvade, 280
  • Coyness of the female, 197, 198
  • Creation, artistic, involved in artistic enjoyment, 18, 19
  • Criterion of art, the, 7 sq.
  • Crying feasts and ceremonial wailings, 59
  • Cure, medical, of restoring people by pulling them through a narrow opening, 285, 286
  • Dance, 87, 89, 92, 230
  • Dances, choral, 262;
  • common to both sexes or separate, 230, 231;
  • connected with sexual selection, 233-235;
  • with war, 266, 267;
  • with work, 251, 253, 254
  • Dance-pantomimes, obscene, 233, 245
  • Dancing girdles, 215
  • Deaf-mutes, their language, 151, 155
  • Death and resurrection represented in primitive drama, 182-184
  • Decoration, bodily, subserving a commemorative purpose, 223;
  • used as a means of frightening, 272;
  • as a means of individual and tribal identification, 225-227;
  • as magical protection, 218, 224;
  • denotes civic majority, 220;
  • executed in order to protect the skin, 224;
  • denoting rank or wealth, 222
  • Decorative art, the, of military tribes, 277
  • Demon-shields of the Dyaks, 272-274
  • Dignity, 116
  • Dionysiac state, the, 64, 65, 105, 109, 112, 113
  • Dionysos, god of art and music, 110
  • Disinterestedness, the, of artistic activity. See Autotelic Character of Art
  • Drama, the earliest of imitative arts, 149, 150
  • Dramatic element, the, of art, 95-98
  • “Einhaltsstreben,” 150
  • Emanations, magic theory of, 281, 293
  • Emotional element, the, in art, 137-139, 303
  • Emotions, the psychology of, 42-55;
  • connection between emotions and movement-sensations, 44-47
  • Enjoyment of pain, 55, 56-71
  • Enlistment, dances of, 266
  • Ephemeral character of primitive art, 161
  • Epic element, the, in art, 98, 99
  • Epidemics, mental, 69, 81
  • Erotic art, 238-248;
  • dearth of information on, 229, 244;
  • spurious instances of, 245
  • gestures and pantomimes used as expressions of joy, 243, 244
  • pantomimes and dances performed with a moral intention, 247, 248
  • poems, 235, 236, 246
  • propitiation, 234-236
  • Etiological myths, 171, 172
  • Euhemerism, 168, 169
  • Europeans as subjects of primitive art, 160, 166, 167, 178
  • Experimentation, plays of, 145
  • Expression of feeling, 41, 42, 47-54;
  • primary and secondary forms of expression, 42, 47, 52, 68, 69, 199;
  • expression as a mythogenic factor, 93, 94
  • “Expressive qualities,” the, of nature, 98
  • Extempore design, 156, 161
  • “Faculté maîtresse,” 118-120, 126
  • Fandango, apologue concerning the, 89
  • Fascination, 103
  • Fear, 52, 54, 103
  • Feeling-tone of sensation, 30-42;
  • experiments on sensation, feeling and movement, 31;
  • dynamic conditions of feeling, 32-35;
  • static conditions of feeling, 35;
  • association between pleasure and movement, 33;
  • pains of restriction, 38;
  • pain as motor incitement, 40, 66, 253;
  • relative character of pleasure and pain, 56, 57;
  • acquired pleasure-gettings, 57;
  • the philosophical importance of pain, 63, 64
  • Festal development of art, 111
  • “Foreign” purposes, the, in art, 10-12, 15-17, 127, 147, 148, 301, 304-306
  • Form and content, 139
  • French and English art, difference between, 131
  • Funeral ceremonies and art, 300
  • dances of obscene character, 217
  • Garrick, the contagious power of his acting, 96
  • Gesture-language, 151-154
  • Gracefulness, 116, 275, 276
  • Grief, 50
  • Grimacing, its importance for primitive tactics, 270
  • “Gymnastic” dances, 92
  • “Happiness” of the unconscious, 69, 70
  • Higher and lower forms of art, distinction between, 140
  • Historical art, 164-182, 223
  • and psychological methods, distinction between, 16, 112, 148, 301
  • poems used in magical ceremonies, 173
  • History born of pride, 181
  • Histrionic factor in literature, 96;
  • in formative arts, 96, 97
  • “Homo sapiens ferus,” 151
  • Humiliation, 46, 50
  • Hunting and fishing rites, 285, 287
  • Idea, the, its place in German-æsthetic systems, 23, 118
  • Ideal of beauty, the, and sexual selection, 202, 213, 241, 242
  • Idealistic schools of art, 132
  • Idols, 174, 288, 291
  • “Illusions particulières” versus essential qualities, 128, 129
  • Imitation, impulse to, 24;
  • connected with the instincts, 75
  • sympathetic, 59, 74-85, 96
  • See Internal Imitation, Pathologic Imitation
  • Impregnation by wind, rain, or sunshine, 219
  • Indispensability of accustomed sensations, 58
  • In effigie sentences, 287
  • Information and art, 149-163, 184, 185
  • Instantaneous muscular exertion, power of, 252, 253
  • Insular life, its influence on art, 259
  • Intellectual elements of the artistic activity;
  • their influence on the mental state of the artist, 102-107
  • Invention in primitive art, 160, 161
  • Jakalele dance in Ceram, 266, 267
  • Joy, 48;
  • distinguished from the sense of comic, 48, 49;
  • pantomimic expression of, 92-94, 244
  • “Kina” (Fuegian drama), 165
  • Limited amount of energy, 36, 37
  • Lustre. See Brilliancy
  • Luxury of sentimental sorrow, 51.
  • See also Enjoyment of Pain
  • Lyre and flute, allegory of, 107
  • Maenads, 65, 108-110, 112
  • Magic and art, 278-297
  • two classes of, 278, 279;
  • by connection, 279-282, 291-294;
  • by likeness, 282-290;
  • expedients for acquiring courage in war, 265;
  • power of the obscene, 217;
  • pantomimes, 11;
  • songs, 288, 295
  • Masses, psychology of. See Collective Psychology
  • Means of attraction, 203-213
  • Medical rites, 284, 287
  • Military dances, 265, 266;
  • used as salutation, 92, 93;
  • performed before female spectators, 229
  • dresses and uniforms, 270;
  • ensigns, 271;
  • signals, 263
  • Modesty and clothing, 216-218
  • Moko tattooing used as a means of identification, 175, 225
  • Moods of sadness deliberately enhanced, 51
  • Moral influence of art, 108
  • Movement-perception, the dynamogenic influence of, 257
  • Music, 87
  • Narrative art, its simplest forms, 157-161
  • Novelty, predilection for, 208
  • “Opisthotonos,” 109
  • Ornament, concealed meaning of, 10
  • and mimetic transmission of feeling, 98
  • and rhythm, 91
  • Ornaments, the, of the Dyaks, 272-274;
  • of the Maoris, 275, 276
  • Pain, pantomimic expression of, 39, 40, 93, 94. See also Feeling-tone
  • Pantomimics, erotic, 233-235, 245-248;
  • magic, 11, 283, 284;
  • military, 265, 266;
  • narrative, 152-155;
  • representing work, 250-252, 257
  • Parnassians, 136, 137
  • Pathologic imitation, 79
  • Petroglyphs, 175, 176
  • Phallic amulets, 217;
  • rites, 284, 287
  • Phallocrypts, 215, 216
  • Pictographs, 149, 155-157, 161
  • Pictorial art, the, of the Bushmen, 237;
  • prayers, 285
  • Play, as connected with art, 29;
  • with exercise, 250, 251;
  • with the instincts, 27
  • Play-impulse, 26-28, 145, 146, 250
  • Please, impulse to, 24, 25
  • Pleasure. See Feeling-tone
  • Political propitiation and art, 299
  • Portraiture, commemorative, 174, 175
  • Practical motives for clothing and self-decoration, 216, 224
  • Præsul, 257
  • Preliminary movements, their dynamogenic influence, 256
  • Pride, 46, 137, 181, 222, 268
  • Proportion, 117
  • Rain-making and rain-preventing, 283, 284
  • Realism and magic, 289-290
  • Realistic movement in literature, 117, 118
  • Recognition marks, 190
  • Religious doctrines influencing erotic art, 246
  • Repugnance for qualities deviating from the tribal type, 209, 210
  • Retroaction from sympathisers, craving for, 84
  • Rhetoric, primitive, 154
  • Rhythm, 87-91, 258-260
  • Salutation dances, 92
  • Sand paintings, the, of the Navajos, 292
  • Scarification, 61, 66, 67
  • Scars of the Australians explained by Koeler as means of identification, 225
  • Science as an end in itself, 19, 20
  • Secondary sexual characters, 190-192;
  • activities, 191
  • Selbstzweck. See Autotelic Character of Art
  • Self-exhibiting impulse, 25
  • Self-woundings, 61, 66, 67
  • Sentimentalism, 136, 137
  • Sex-distinction, marks for accentuating, 192, 209
  • Sexual ideal, 204, 213, 242
  • Social conditions influencing erotic art, 238-242;
  • expression, 72-85, esp. 83-85
  • Solidarity of suffering between members of the same family, 279
  • Songs, ephemeral, 159, 160;
  • erotic, 235, 236, 246;
  • exhorting to work, 254, 255, 259;
  • magic, 255, 256, 288, 295;
  • military, 267-269
  • Sport as end in itself, 20, 21
  • Storage of nutritive supply, 36, 37
  • Sucking cure, 285
  • Sun-rituals, 284
  • Superstitious motives for clothing, 217-219, 224
  • Surplus of vigour, 26, 198
  • Symmetry, 117
  • Sympathetic imitation, 59, 74-85, 154, 155;
  • magic. See Magic
  • Tangi, 59
  • Technical medium, the, of art, 145;
  • perfection in art, 135, 139, 303
  • Technique, its influence on decorative art, 146, 147
  • Theatrical management and régie among the Australians, 237
  • Theurgic rites, 284, 288
  • Time-sense, its high development among primitive tribes, 262
  • Trade-dances, 252
  • Traditions, primitive, preserving the memory of European visitors, 166, 167, 178
  • Tragedy, enjoyment of, 59
  • Transference of energy, 36, 37
  • Travels described in primitive art, 158-160, 178
  • Trophies, 221
  • Universal ideas, their importance in æsthetic systems, 130;
  • their place in primitive philosophy, 296
  • Vehicles of emotional transmission, 120-124
  • Vital sensation and pain, 60-65
  • Volts, 286
  • War, its social influence, 261;
  • its influence on art, 261-277;
  • on plastic beauty, 276;
  • on decorative art, 275-277;
  • a prominent subject in history and narrative art, 178-180;
  • the need of stimulation for, 263
  • Werther, 104, 105
  • Witches, Bacchantes, and hysteric patients, 109
  • Wordless tribes, stories about, 152
  • Work, stimulation to, 252-257;
  • regulation of, 88, 257-260;
  • and art, 12, 88, 249-260

THE END

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