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The pneumatics of Hero of Alexandria

Chapter 71: 67. A Goblet into which as much Wine flows as is taken out.
By of Alexandria Hero
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About This Book

A systematic practical handbook of machines and demonstrations that uses air, steam, heat, and water to produce mechanical effects. The text gives clear descriptions, construction details, and diagrams for siphons, valves, pumps, fountains, jets, self‑acting mechanisms, and ritual or theatrical contrivances driven by pressure and temperature changes. Explanations focus on the mechanical principles behind pneumatic and hydraulic behaviors and on ways to control flow and timing, with numbered propositions that pair instructional steps with illustrative figures for building and operating each apparatus.

67. A Goblet into which as much Wine flows as is taken out.

Let there be a vessel containing wine and provided with a spout, underneath which a goblet is placed: whatever quantity of wine is taken from the goblet, as much shall flow into it from the spout. Let A B (fig. 67), be the vessel of wine, and C D the spout, to which are attached the valve E F, and the rods G H, K L, K O, L M as before; and beneath the spout place the cup P. To the rod K O fix a small basin R contained in the vessel S T, and let a tube, U Q, connect the vessels S T and P. When these arrangements are complete, if the vessels S T and P are empty, the basin R will fall to the bottom of S T, and open the spout C D. A stream will flow from C D into both the vessels S T and P, so that the basin will rise and shut the spout again, until we remove more liquid from the goblet. This result will happen as often as we remove liquid from P.