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The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 2 (of 8)

Chapter 56: The Poem
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About This Book

A collection of lyrical and narrative poems ranging from intimate meditations on landscape and memory to shorter occasional pieces and a moral tale in verse about a wandering man and his loyal animal guide. The texts move between vivid descriptions of rural scenes and inward reflection, using simple diction and everyday incidents to examine imagination, conscience, and the emotional power of recollection. Recurring features include pastoral imagery, moral questioning prompted by ordinary events, and a sustained interest in how nature and memory shape feeling and thought.

The last stanza is only in the editions of 1802-1805
.




 
1836
And then he said "How sweet it were
1800



 
1845
A gardener in the shade,
Still wandering with an easy mind
To build ...


1800
In sunshine or through shade
To wander with an easy mind;
And build ...


1836



 
1836
... sweet ...
1800



 
1832
Dear ...
1800



 
1820
Sweet Ruth alone at midnight shed
1800



 
1800
... unhallow'd ...
1802 and MS.
The edition of 1805 returns to the reading of 1800.




 
1845
... lovely ...
1800



 
1845
... magic ...
1800
... gorgeous ...
1815



 
1800
That often ...
1802
The text of 1805 returns to that of 1800.




 
1800
For passions, amid forms so fair
And stately, wanted not their share

1802
The text of 1805 returns to that of 1800.




 
1800
Ill did he live ...
1802
The text of 1805 returns to that of 1800.




 
1805
When I, in thoughtlessness and pride,
Had crossed ...

1802
When first, in confidence and pride,
I crossed ...

1820
C., and the edition of 1840, revert to the reading of 1805.




 
1840 and C.
"It was a fresh and glorious world,
A banner bright that was unfurled
Before me suddenly:


1805
A banner bright that shone unfurled
1836



 
Lines 163-168, and 175-180, were added in 1802. Lines 169-174 were added in 1805. All these were omitted in 1815, but were restored in 1820.



 
1845
So was it then, and so is now:
For, Ruth! with thee I know not how
I feel my spirit burn


1802
"But wherefore speak of this? for now,
Sweet Ruth! with thee, ...
1805
Dear Ruth! with thee ...
1836



 
1836
Even as the east when day comes forth;
And to the west, and south, and north,

1802



 
It is my purer better mind
O maiden innocently kind
What sights I might have seen!
Even now upon my eyes they break!
And then the youth began to speak
Of lands where he had been.





MS.



 
1845
But now the pleasant dream was gone,
1800
Full soon that purer mind ...
1820



 
1836
And there, exulting in her wrongs,
Among the music of her songs
She fearfully carouz'dib.


1800
And there she sang tumultuous songs,
By recollection of her wrongs,
To fearful passion rouzed.


1820



 
1836
wild brook....
1800



 
1802
And to the pleasant Banks of Tone
She took her way, to dwell alone

1800



 
1802
... grief, ...
1800



 
1805
(And in this tale we all agree)
1800



 
1805
The neighbours grieve for her, and say
That she will ...

1802



 
This stanza first appeared in the edition of 1802.






 
Taken from the portrait of the chief in Bartram's frontispiece.—Ed.




 
"The tall aspiring Gordonia lacianthus ... gradually changing colour, from green to golden yellow, from that to a scarlet, from scarlet to crimson, and lastly to a brownish purple, ... so that it may be said to change and renew its garments every morning throughout the year."
See Travels through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East Florida, the Cherokee Country, etc., by William Bartram (1791), pp. 159, 160.—Ed.




 
"Its thick foliage of a dark green colour is flowered over with large milk-white, fragrant blossoms, ... renewed every morning, and that in such incredible profusion that the tree appears silvered over with them, and the ground beneath covered with the fallen flowers. It, at the same time, continually pushes forth new twigs, with young buds on them."
(Bartram's Travels, etc., p. 159.)—Ed.




  Magnolia grandiflora.—W. W. 1800;
and Bartram's Travels, p. 8. —Ed.




 
"The Cypressus distichia stands in the first order of North American trees. Its majestic stature, lifting its cumbrous top towards the skies, and casting a wide shade upon the ground, as a dark intervening cloud," etc.
(Bartram's Travels, p. 88).—Ed.




  The splendid appearance of these scarlet flowers, which are scattered with such profusion over the Hills in the Southern parts of North America is frequently mentioned by Bartram in his
Travels
.—W. W. 1800.




 
Mr. Ernest Coleridge tells me he
"has traced, to a note-book of Coleridge's in the British Museum, the source from which Wordsworth derived his description of Georgian scenery in Ruth. He does, I know, refer to Bartram, but the whole passage is a poetical rendering, and a pretty close one, of Bartram's poetical narrative. I have a portrait—the frontispiece of Bartram's Travels—of Mico Chlucco, king of the Seminoles, whose feathers nod in the breeze just as did the military casque of the 'youth from Georgia's shore.'"
Ed.




 
"North and south almost endless green plains and meadows, embellished with islets and projecting promontories of high dark forests, where the pyramidal Magnolia grandiflora ... conspicuously towers."
(Bartram's Travels, p. 145).—Ed.




  The Tone is a River of Somersetshire, at no great distance from the Quantock Hills. These Hills, which are alluded to a few stanzas below, are extremely beautiful, and in most places richly covered with Coppice woods. W. W. 1800.







 
The edition of 1805 substitutes the stanzas beginning,
'It was a fresh and glorious world'
for stanzas 2, 3, and 4 of the above six in this note, but it inserts these omitted stanzas later on as Nos. 27, 28, 29.—Ed.




 
Wordsworth wrote to Barren Field in 1828 that this stanza
"was altered, Lamb having observed that it was not English. I like it better myself;'
(i.e. the version of 1800)
"but certainly to carouse cups—that is to empty them—is the genuine English."
Ed.







"Sunday, March 8th, 1802.—I stitched up The Pedlar, wrote out Ruth, read it with the alterations.... William brought two new stanzas of Ruth."
The transpositions of stanzas, and their omission from certain editions and their subsequent re-introduction, in altered form, in later ones, make it extremely difficult to give the textual history of Ruth in footnotes. They are even more bewildering than the changes introduced into Simon Lee.—Ed.



1799 Contents
Main Contents






1798 end of Volume II: 1799 1800
Main Contents







Wordsworth's Poetical Works, Volume 2: 1800



Edited by William Knight


1896




Table of Contents






1800

Towards the close of December 1799, Wordsworth came to live at Dove Cottage, Town-end, Grasmere. The poems written during the following year (1800), are more particularly associated with that district of the Lakes. Two of them were fragments of a canto of The Recluse, entitled "Home at Grasmere," referring to his settlement at Dove Cottage. Others, such as Michael, and The Brothers—classed by him afterwards among the "Poems founded on the Affections,"—deal with incidents in the rural life of the dalesmen of Westmoreland and Cumberland. Most of the "Poems on the Naming of Places" were written during this year; and the "Places" are all in the neighbourhood of Grasmere. To these were added several "Pastoral Poems"—such as The Idle Shepherd Boys; or, Dungeon-Ghyll Force—sundry "Poems of the Fancy," and one or two "Inscriptions." In all, twenty-five poems were written in the year 1800; and, with the exception of the two fragments of The Recluse, they were published during the same year in the second volume of the second edition of "Lyrical Ballads." It is impossible to fix the precise date of the composition of the fragments of The Recluse; but, as they refer to the settlement at Dove Cottage—where Wordsworth went to reside with his sister, on the 21st of December 1799—they may fitly introduce the poems belonging to the year 1800. They were first published in 1851 in the Memoirs of Wordsworth (vol. i. pp. 157 and 155 respectively), by the poet's nephew, the late Bishop of Lincoln. The entire canto of The Recluse, entitled "Home at Grasmere," will be included in this edition.

The first two poems which follow, as belonging to the year 1800, are parts of The Recluse, viz. "On Nature's invitation do I come," (which is ll. 71-97, and 110-125), and "Bleak season was it, turbulent and bleak," (which is ll. 152-167). They are not reprinted from the Memoirs of 1851, because the text there given was, in several instances, inaccurately reproduced from the original MS., which has been re-examined. They were printed here, in The Recluse(1888), and in my Life of Wordsworth (vol. i. 1889).—Ed.



Contents 1800
Main Contents




"On Nature's invitation do I come"

Composed (probably) in 1800.—Published 1851





The Poem