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The Popular Religion and Folk-Lore of Northern India, Vol. 1 (of 2) cover

The Popular Religion and Folk-Lore of Northern India, Vol. 1 (of 2)

Chapter 3: FOLK-LORE OF NORTHERN INDIA. CHAPTER I. THE GODLINGS OF NATURE.
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About This Book

A systematic survey of popular religious beliefs and folk traditions across northern India, tracing how nature spirits, village and heroic godlings, disease deities, and cults of the sainted and malevolent dead shape rural practice. The author compiles customs, legends, rituals and local cultic forms, highlights the assimilation of major deities with indigenous practices, and documents magical usages and everyday superstitions. Organized in thematic chapters, the study blends ethnographic observation with citations and examples to reveal patterns of worship, the roles of ritual specialists, and the social functions of these popular cults.

FOLK-LORE OF NORTHERN INDIA.

CHAPTER I.

THE GODLINGS OF NATURE.

Ἐν μὲν γαῖαν ἐτεύξ’ ἐν δ’ οὐρανὸν, ἐν δὲ θάλασσαν

ἠέλιόν τ’ ἀκάμαντα σελήνην τε πλήθουσαν,

ἐν δὲ τὰ τείρεα πάντα, τά τ’ οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται

Πληϊάδασ θ’ Ὑάδας τε, τό τε σθένος Ὠρίωνος

Ἄρκτον θ’, ἣν καὶ ἄμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν,

ἣτ αὐτοῦ στρέφαται καί τ’ Ὠρίωνα δοκεύει,

οἴη δ’ ἄμμορος ἐστι λοετρῶν Ὠκεανοῖο.

Iliad, xviii. 483–88.