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The Prose Works of Jonathan Swift, D.D. — Volume 04 / Swift's Writings on Religion and the Church — Volume 2 cover

The Prose Works of Jonathan Swift, D.D. — Volume 04 / Swift's Writings on Religion and the Church — Volume 2

Chapter 56: THE FIRST FIFTEEN PSALMS, TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE.
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About This Book

The volume gathers polemical tracts, essays, and sermons that probe the legal and moral issues around sacramental tests and the campaigns to repeal them, weighing arguments on both sides and addressing the claims of dissenting communities. Political pamphlets and pointed queries are paired with theological and pastoral discourses on conscience, the Trinity, brotherly love, and social distress; the collection also contains verse translations of psalms, satirical pieces directed at public controversies, and appendices that record contemporary responses and debates.





THE FIRST FIFTEEN PSALMS, TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE.

   DR GIBBS.                                      DR SWIFT.
   I. PSALM OF DAVID, (1)                         (1)I warn the reader that
   Comparing the different state of the          this is a lie, both here
   righteous and the wicked, both in this         and all over the book;
   and the next world.
                           for these are not Psalms
                                                  of David, but of Dr.
                                                  Gibbs.

   1  Thrice happy he! that does refuse.          (2) But I suppose with
        With impious (2) sinners to combine;  pious sinners a man may
      Who ne'er their wicked way pursues,         combine safely enough
        And does the scorner's seat(3)decline                                                  (3)What part of speech
                                                  is it?

   2  But still to learn, and to obey             (4) All.
        The Law of God is his delight;
      In that employs himself all day,            (5) A man must have
        And reads and thinks thereon at(4)        some time to sleep; so
           night.(5)                              that I will change the
                                                  verse thus:
                                                   "And thinks and dreams
                                                     thereon all night."
   3  For as a tree, whose spreading root         (6) Look ye; you must
        By some prolific stream is fed,           thin the boughs at the
      Produces (6) fair and timely fruit,         top, or your fruit will
        And numerous boughs adorn its head:       be neither fair or
      Whose (7) very leaves, tho' storms descend, timely.
        In lively verdure still appear
                                                  (7) Why, what other part
      Whose (7) very leaves, tho' storms descend, of a tree appears in lively.
        In lively verdure still appear;           verdure, beside the
      Such blessings always shall attend          leaves?
        The man that does the Lord revere.           These very leaves on
                                                       which you penn'd
                                                     Your woeful stuff, may
                                                          serve for squibs:
                                                     Such blessings always
                                                           shall attend
                                                     The madrigals of Dr.
                                                           Gibbs.
   4  Like chaff with every wind disperst:(1)     (1) "Dispurst,"
                     [rhyming with "curst"]       Pronounce this like a
                                                  blockhead.
   6  And these to punishment may go. (2)         (2) If they please.

["The above may serve for a tolerable specimen of Swift's remarks. The whole should be given, if it were possible to make them intelligible, without copying the version which is ridiculed; a labour for which our readers would scarcely thank us. A few detached stanzas, however, with the Dean's notes on them, shall be transcribed." Thus writes Scott; but I have added a great many more, which deserve reprinting, if only for their humour. [T.S.]]

       DR GIBBS.                                  DR SWIFT.

       II. PSALM OF DAVID.                        (1) I do not believe
                                                  that ever kings entered
   1  Why do the heathen nations rise,            into plots and
        And in mad tumults join!                  confederacies against
                                                  the reign of God
                                                  Almighty.
   2  Confederate kings vain plots (1) devise
        Against the Almighty's reign:
      His Royal Title they deny,                  (2) What word does
        Whom God appointed Christ;                that plural number
                                                  belong to?
   3  Let us reject their (2) laws, they cry,
        Their binding force resist.

   7  And thus to Him was pleased to say,         (3) An excellent drug-
        As I His words declare; (3)               german.
   9  But those, that do thy laws refuse,         (4) After a man is
         In pieces thou shalt break;              broken in pieces,
       And with an iron sceptre bruise (4)        'tis no great matter
         Their disobedient (5) neck.            to have his neck
                                                  bruised.

                                                  (5) Neak.

   10  Ye earthly kings, the caution hear;      (6) Rulers must learn         Ye rulers, learn the same; (6)         it, but kings may only
                                                  hear it.

   11  Serve God with reverence, and with fear(7)
         His joyful praise proclaim;              (7) Very proper to make a
                                                  joyful proclamation with
                                                  fear.

   12  Confess the Son, and own His (8) reign,    (8) Of Blackmore's
         Ere He to wrath inclines;                reign.
       And, so resenting your disdain,
         Confound your vain designs: (9)          (9) You with his lines

       For should the madness of His foes (1)     (1) For should the foes
         Th' avenging God incense,                of David's ape
       Happy are they that can repose             Provoke his grey
         In Him their confidence. (2)             goose quills,
                                                  Happy are they that
                                                  can escape
                                                  The vengeance of
                                                  his pills.

                                                  (2) Admirably reasoned
                                                  and connected!
   III. PSALM OF DAVID.

   When he fled from his son Absalom.           To Dr. Gibbs, ex aquâ
                                                  in ignem
.

   4  When to the Lord for help I cry,            (3) Secoure.
        He hears me from the Throne on high;
                                                  (4) By this I think it
   5  And thus I sleep and wake secure, (3)       is clear that he cries
        Guarded by His almighty Power. (4)        in his sleep.

   6  No fears shall then my soul depress,*       *Deprease, Loard,
        Though thus my enemies increase;          Scoticé.

   7  And (5) therefore, now arise, O Lord,*      (5) He desires God's
        And graciously thy help afford:           help, because
                                                  he is not afraid of
                                                  his enemies; others,
                                                  I think, usually
                                                  desire it when they
                                                  are afraid.
   8  And thus (6) to grant a sure defence,     (6) The doctor hath a
        Belongs to God's (7) omnipotence;         mighty affection for the
                                                  particle thus: he uses
                                                  it four times in this
                                                  Psalm, and 100 times in
                                                  other places, and
                                                  always wrong.
                                                  (7) That is as much as
                                                  to say, he that can do
                                                  all things can defend a
                                                  man; which I take to be
                                                  an undoubted truth.
   IV. PSALM OF DAVID.

   Reproving and admonishing his enemies.       Not to burlesque
                                                  his Psalms.
   1  As Thou hast always taken care              A pretty phrase!
        My sufferings to remove.

   2  But you, my frail (1) malicious foes,       (1) Are they malicious
        Who do my power despise;                  out of frailty, or frail
      Vainly how long will ye oppose,             out of malice?
        And (2) falsely calumnize!
                                                  (2) That is, they say
                                                  false things
                                                  falsely.
                                                  I will discover the
                                                  doctor's  secret of
                                                  making the coherence
                                                  and connection, in
                                                  the Psalms that he
                                                  brags of in his title
                                                  and preface: he lays
                                                  violent hands on certain
                                                  particles,(such as and,
                                                  when, since, for, but,
                                                  thus, so
, &c.) and
                                                  presses them to his
                                                  service on all occasions
                                                  sore against their wills,
                                                  and without any regard
                                                  whether the sense will
                                                  admit them or no.
   3  Since those alone the Lord has blest,       (3) 'Tis plain the doctor
        That do from sin refrain;                 never requested to be a
      He therefore grants what I request, (3)     poet.
        And hears when I (4) complain:

                                                  (4) If your requests be
                                                  granted, why do you
                                                  complain?

    But of Thy face to us do Thou                 What is it, to
      The favour still dispense;                  dispense the favour
                                                  of his face?
   7  Then shall my soul with more divine         (5) I have heard of a
        And solid joys abound,                    crown or garland of corn,
      Than they with stores of corn and wine,     but a crown of wine is
        Those earthly riches, crown'd: (5)        new, and can hardly be
                                                  explained, unless we
                                                  suppose the wine to be
                                                  in icicles.

   8  And thus confiding, Lord, in thee           (6) And yet, to shew I
        I take my calm repose; (6)                         tell no fibs,
      For thou each night protectest me           Thou hast left me in
        From all my (7) treacherous foes                   thrall
                                                    To Hopkins, eke, and
                                                            Doctor Gibbs
                                                  The vilest rogue of all.
                                                  (7) Aye, and open foes
                                                  too; or his repose would
                                                  not be very calm.
   V. PSALM OF DAVID:
   Trusting in God, he implores protection        Especially Doctor
   from his enemies.                             Gibbs.
   1  O Lord, receive my fervent prayer,          (1) I suppose he
        Relieve my soul opprest with care,        thought it would be
      And hear my loud (1) complaint;             heard the better for
                                                  being loud.
                                                   [Greek: Oion aento mega
                                                   kekraigenai kai ochlaeson
                                                   einai.]—LUC. TIM.,
                                                      Misanth.

   2  On Thee alone I can rely,
        Do Thou, my God, to whom I fly,
      My sad (2) petition grant:                  (2) My poor petition.
                                                  Ay, a sad one indeed.
   5  They on thy favour can't rely,              (3) Such vile poetry.
        That practice such iniquity, (3)          What is the meaning of
      For Thou wilt punish those                  that word, such, in
                                                  this place?
   6  That do malicious lies (4) invent,          (4) Malicious lines.
        And would to death the innocent
      By treacherous means (5) expose.            (5) By doggrel rhimes.
   8  Lord, in Thy Laws (6) direct my ways,       (6) He perseveres—not
        Since those my watchful foe surveys,      that he values the Laws,
      And make me persevere:                      but because his foes
                                                  watch him. A good
                                                  principle!
   9  They flatter to destroy:
   10  But let, O Lord, the vengeance due         (7) Horrid rhimes.
       Those in their horrid crimes (7) pursue,   (8) Defoy.
         Who do Thy power defy: (8)
   VI. PSALM OF DAVID:

   Penitently complaining of his sufferings.    By this translator.

   I  Thy heavy hand restrain, (9)                (9) Thy heavy hand
        With mercy, Lord, correct;                             restrain;
      Do not, (1) as if in high disdain,          Have mercy, Dr. Gibbs:
        My helpless soul reject:                    Do not, I pray thee,
                                                           paper stain
   2  For how shall I sustain                     With rhymes retail'd in
     (2)Those ills, which now I bear!                         dribbs.
     My vitals are consumed with pain,
     (3)My soul oppress'd with care:              (1)That bit is a most
                                                  glorious botch.
                                                  (2)The squeaking of a
                                                  hogrel.

                                                  (3)To listen to
                                                  thy doggrel.
   5  For in the silent grave,                    ] Very true all that.
        When there I lie obscure,
      No gracious favours I can have,
        Nor magnify Thy power:

   6  Lord, I have pray'd in (1) vain             (1)The doctor must
        So long, so much opprest;                 mean himself, for I hope
      My very (2) cries increase my pain,         David never thought so.
        And tears prevent my rest;
                                                  (2)Then he's a dunce
   7  These do my sight impair,                    for crying.
        My flowing eyes decay,
      While to my enemies I fear
        Thus (3) to become a prey.                (3)That is, he is afraid
                                                  of becoming a prey to his
                                                  enemies while his eyes
                                                  are sore.
   8  But, ye vain forces! fly, (4)               (4)Floy.
        For God, Whom I adore,                    Why then does he
                                                  tell us just before that
                                                  he has prayed in vain,
                                                  and is afraid of becoming
                                                  a prey to his enemies?
   9  My impious foes does still destroy,
        When I His aid implore.
   10 O Lord, by Thy fierce hand repell'd,
        With sudden shame retire (5)              A very proper word
                                                  for a man that is repell'd
                                                  by a fierce hand.
   VII, PSALM OF DAVID:

   When unjustly persecuted,(6) and accused of   (6) By Doctor Gibbs.
   treachery against King Saul.
   I  O Lord my God, since I repose               (7) By chance.
        My trust in Thee alone, (7)

      Save and defend me from my foes,
         That furiously come on: (8)              (8) Advance.
   2  Lest, like a ravenous lion, they            What sort of lions are
        My captive soul devour,                       they that devour souls?
   4  If I've not spared him though he's grown(9) (9) Groun.
        My causeless (1) enemy,
                                                  (1) If he be grown his
                                                 
causeless enemy I presume
                                                  he is no longer
guiltless.
   5  Then let my life, and future (2) crown      (2) He gives a thing
        Become to him a prey:                     before he has it, and
                                                  gives it to him that has
                                                  it already; for Saul is
                                                  the person meant.
   6  But, Lord, thy kind assistance (1) lend,    (1) But why lend?        Arise in my defence;                      Does he design to return
      According to Thy laws, (2) contend          it back when he has done
        For injured innocence:                    with it?

                                                  (2) Profane rascal! he
                                                  makes it a struggle and
                                                  contention between God
                                                  and the wicked.
   7  That all the nations, that oppose, (3)      (3) Oppause.
        May then confess Thy power:
      Therefore assert my righteous cause,
        That they may Thee adore: (4)             (4) Ado
ure.
   8  For equal judgment, Lord, to Thee           (5) Yet in the very
        The nations (5) all submit;               verse before he tells of
      Be therefore (6) merciful to me.            nations that oppose.
        And my just soul acquit: (7)
                                                  (6) Because all nations
                                                  submit to God, therefore
                                                  God must be merciful to
                                                  Dr. Gibbs.

                                                  (7) Of what?
   9  Destroy the wicked in their plots:          Poor David never could
        The just with blessings crown:                            acquit
      For all the ways and secret thoughts (8)    A criminal like thee,
        Of both to Thee are known.                Against his Psalms who
                                                  couldst commit
                                                  Such wicked poetry.

                                                  (8) Thots.

   10 Thus by God's gracious providence (9)       (9) Observe the
        I'm still preserved secure, (1)                      connection.
      Who all the good and just defends           (1) Secoure.
        With a resistless (2) power.
                                                  (2) That's right, doctor;
                                                  but then there will
                                                  be no
contending, as
                                                  you desired a while ago.
                                                  'Tis wonderful that
                                                               Providence
                                                  Should save thee from the
                                                               halter,
                                                  Who hast in numbers
                                                             without sense
                                                  Burlesqued the holy
                                                                   Psalter.
   11 All men He does with justice view,          (1) That's no great
        And their iniquity                        mark of viewing them
      With direful vengeance can pursue,          with justice. God has
        Or patiently (1) pass by:                 wiser ends for passing by
                                                  His vengeance on the
                                                  wicked, you profane
                                                  dunce!
   13 For He the artillery directs,               What's that charge? it
        The sudden charge ordains,                must allude to a charge
                                                  of gunpowder, or it is
                                                  nonsense.
   15 Lo! now th'inflictions (2) they design'd    (2) Ay, but what sort of
        By others to be borne,                    things are these
      Even all the mischiefs (3) in their mind              inflictions?
        Do on themselves return: (4)
                                                  (3) If the mischiefs be
                                                  in their mind, what need
                                                  they return on
                                                  themselves? are they not
                                                  there already?
                                                  (4) Retorn.
   16 By their own treachery betray'd             (5) Pills
        To the same ills, (5) that they
      Invented, and with those essay'd            (6) Rich.
        To make the poor (6) their prey:
                                                  Does this verse end
                                                  according to the more
                                                  modern art of poetry, as
                                                  the author speaks in his
                                                  preface?
   17 O Lord, how glorious are the ways           Do not these verses end
        Of Thy good Providence!                   very sublimely?
      Thou, Lord, Whose blessed Name I
                                 praise,
        True justice dost dispense
   VIII. PSALM OF DAVID:
   1  The mighty powers, that celebrate           That's a lie; for if
        Thy endless praises, can't relate         they
      The glory they in Heaven survey:            can survey it they can
                                                  easily relate it.
   2  Young helpless infants at the breast    Young younglings.
        Their great Creator have confest,         [The italics are
      And in their weakness spoke Thy pow'r,      Swift's.] This stanza
                                                  is just upon the purlieus
                                                  between sense and
                                                  nonsense.
   4 Lord, what is wretched (7) man, I cry,       (7) A very proper epithet
   Or all his sinful progeny,                     for those who are scarce
     That thou to them dost prove so kind!        inferior to angels.
   5  To honour Thou dost them prefer,            A fine cadence that.
        To angels scarce inferior,
   6  They over all Thy works command:
   7  The flocks and herds o'er every field       (1) That's a lie, for
        To their just lords obedience yield,          sometimes they trespass
      And all (1) in full subjection stand:       on other men's grounds.
   8  O'er all the birds, that mount the air,     (2) Appair.
        And fish, that in the floods appear,(2)
      Man bears an arbitrary sway:                Those, I think, are
                                                  not very many: they are
                                                  caught, but till then we
                                                  have no great sway over
                                                  them.
   IX. PSALM OF DAVID:
   3  Confounded at the sight of Thee             (3) The doctor's mistaken;
        My foes are put to flight; (3)            for, when people are
                                                  confounded, they cannot
                                                  fly.
   4  Thus thou, great God of equity,             (4) Against Sternhold
        Dost still assert my right. (4)           and Hopkins.
   6  Insulting foes, how long can ye             (5) bost.
        Of ruin'd cities boast! (5)               Blunderings,
Siccorrige
      Your plunderings now as well as they        meo periculo. That's a
        Are in oblivion lost:                     lie, for Gibbs remembers
                                                  them.
   7  But God eternally remains (6)               (6) That's false and
        Fixt in His throne on high,               profane; God is not fixed
                                                  anywhere.
   8  And to the world from thence ordains        (7) Did anybody ever
        Impartial equity:(7)                      hear of partial equity?
   9  And for their injured souls extend          That extending a refuge,
        A refuge most secure.                     is pretty.
   12 He hears the injured poor, and then         i.e. is angry at their
        Does all their cries resent.              cries.
   13 And thus consider still, O Lord,            (8) Nothing is restored
        The justice of my cause;                  but what has been taken
      Who often hast my life (8) restor'd         away; so that he has been
        From death's devouring jaws:              often raised from the
                                                  dead, if this be true.
   15 The heathen nations are dismay'd (9)        (9) We heard a while
        They're all to ruin brought,              ago their very names were
      For in the treacherous nets, they laid,     dead,[1] now (it seems)
        Ev'n they themselves are caught:          they're only dismay'd.

   [Footnote 1: Ver. 5. "They and their very names are dead."]
   16 Lo, thus the Lord to execute
        True judgment still inclines;             This is profane, as if
                                                  it were only an
                                                  inclination in God to be
                                                  just.
   X. PSALM OF DAVID:

   1  Lord, why in times of deep distress         If the woes require aid
        Dost Thou from us retire,                 it is to increase them,
      When dismal woes our souls oppress,         they cannot require it
        And Thy kind aid require!                 against themselves.
   2  The wicked do with lawless pride (1)        (1) Proide. Pronounce
        The helpless persecute;                   it like the Scotch.
      But let them be themselves destroy'd,
        And fall in their pursuit:                Ay, let them!
   3  For still they triumph, when success        I cannot crock this
        Does their designs attend,                stave.
      And then their ways, who thus oppress,
        Profanely they commend:


   5  And from the barbarous (2) paths they tread,(2) The author should
        No acts of Providence                     first have premised what
      Can e'er oblige them to recede,             sort of paths were
        Or stop (3) their bold offence;           properly barbarous. I
                                                  suppose they must be
                                                  very deep and dirty, or
                                                  very rugged and stony;
                                                  both which I myself
                                                  have heard travellers
                                                  call barbarous roads.
                                                  (3) Which is the way to
                                                  stop an offence?
                                                  Would you have it
                                                  stopped like a bottle,
                                                  or a thief?
                                                  For what end? is it
                                                  to catch a louse, better
                                                  lay wait for the rich by
                                                  half.
   8  And for the poor in secret they
        Do treacherously lay wait:
                                                  As a lion observes with
   9  As hungry lions do their prey               watchful eyes, just so a
        Observe with watchful eyes,               wicked man surprises
      So heedless innocents would they            with sudden force—a very
        With sudden force surprise;               just simile.
      And then, like lions merciless,             They surprise them like
        Their trembling souls devour;             lions, but then they devour
      And thus the helpless do oppress (4)        devour them [like] lions.
        When captives to their power;

                                                  (4) This line is dry
                                                  nonsense or false grammar
                                                  and will bear no jest.
   13                         no more             No mour. Pronounce
                   [rhyming with pow'r.]          this like my lady's
                                                  woman.