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The Public Orations of Demosthenes, volume 1

Chapter 19: FOOTNOTES
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About This Book

A translated selection of public orations by an ancient orator presents his political and forensic speeches, arranged chronologically with brief introductions and notes. The collection gathers urgent appeals about foreign policy and civic defense, forensic pleadings and ceremonial addresses, combining close legal argument, historical exempla, and moral exhortation. The translator aims for contemporary English while preserving features of Greek oratory, and the commentary outlines historical context, variants of attribution, and rhetorical technique so readers can trace evolving themes of persuasion, constitutional concern, and leadership across the speeches.

{341} Observe also that the conviction of the defendant is in every way expedient, not only on all other grounds, but even when you consider our relations with Philip himself. For if ever Philip finds himself compelled to give the city any of her rights, he will change his methods. As it is, he has chosen to deceive the people as a whole, and to show his favours to a few persons; whereas, if he learns that these men have perished, he will prefer for the future to act in the interest of yourselves collectively, in whose hands all power rests. {342} If, however, he intends to persist in his present domineering and outrageous insolence, you will, by getting rid of these men, have rid the city of those who would do anything in the world for him. For when they have acted as they have done, with the expectation of having to pay the penalty in their minds, what do you think they will do, if you relax your severity towards them? Where is the Euthycrates,[n] or the Lasthenes, or the traitor of any description, whom they will not outdo? {343} And who among all the rest will not be a worse citizen, when he sees that, for those who have sold themselves, the friendship of Philip serves, in consequence, for revenue, for reputation, and for capital; while to those who have conducted themselves uprightly, and have spent their own money as well, the consequences are trouble, hatred, and ill will from a certain party. Let it not be so. It is not for your good—whether you regard your reputation or your duty towards Heaven or your safety or any other object, that you should acquit the defendant; but rather that you should avenge yourselves upon him, and make him an example in the eyes of all your fellow citizens and of the whole Hellenic world.

FOOTNOTES

[1] This body was composed of life-members, the archons passing into it annually at the conclusion of their term of office. A certain religious solemnity attached to it, and it was generally respected as a public-spirited and high-minded body.

[2] [Greek: p_os: ti;].

[3] Hesiod, Works and Days, 761.

[4] Euripides, Phoenix fragment.

[5] [Greek: adeia, aischuv_e.].