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The Pursuit of Happiness: A Book of Studies and Strowings

Chapter 36: INDEX.
By Daniel G. Brinton
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Philosophy & Ethics

About This Book

The essays examine happiness as the proper aim of life, arguing that it is both desirable and teachable, and defining happiness as an expanding self-consciousness grounded in pleasure but not identical with mere sensation. The author rebuts ascetic denials of enjoyment, surveys the relative value and hierarchy of pleasures, and analyzes how social position, age, and gender influence the distribution of well-being. Practical guidance for self-education is offered: multiply sources of enjoyment, avoid profitless pain, acquire useful knowledge about body and mind and practical affairs, and cultivate habits that foster growth rather than simple contentment.

INDEX.

  • Abderrhaman, Sultan, 27.
  • Adversity, consolations of, 253.
  • Advice, slight value of, 188;
    • effect of, 193.
  • Afflictions, consolations of, 248.
  • Age and youth compared, 34, 225;
    • not synonymous with wisdom, 35;
    • sorrows of, 76.
  • Angelo, Michael, 78, 177, 235, 246.
  • Anger, destructive to happiness, 147.
  • Anthropology, its aim, 54.
  • Apathy, as a calmative, 146.
  • Architecture, the best, 86.
  • Argument never convinces, 188.
  • Aristotle, quoted, 10, 11, 13, 17, 167, 222.
  • Art of happiness, the, 9, 54;
    • of pleasure, 38;
    • the aim of, 149;
    • inspirations of, 154.
  • Asceticism, the blunders of, 24, 128.
  • Association required, 216.
  • Bacon, Lord, quoted, 51, 85, 108, 145, 217, 221, 234, 261.
  • Bain, A., quoted, 41, 148, 206, 211.
  • Bentham, J., quoted, 10, 27.
  • Beauty, the power of, 67;
    • the ideal of, 68;
    • results of, 69;
    • the burden of, 236.
  • Benevolent emotions, pleasures of, 213.
  • Berkeley, Bishop, quoted, 126.
  • “Blues,” how to relieve, 74.
  • Books, what kind to read, 160.
  • Brillat-Savarin, quoted, 133.
  • Bronte, Charlotte, 189.
  • Browning, Robert, quoted, 46, 267;
    • Mrs., quoted, 270.
  • Bruno, Giordano, quoted, 171, 173.
  • Buddha, words of, 21, 61.
  • Buddhism, aspirations of, 21;
  • Burke, quoted, 215.
  • Business principles, how studied, 42;
  • Calculus of probabilities, the, 93, 105.
  • Chagrin, the feeling of, 193.
  • Chamfort, quoted, 213.
  • Chance, the laws of, 92;
    • the logic of, 94;
    • the slaves of, 103.
  • Chaucer, quoted, 252.
  • Cheerfulness, how cultivated, 72.
  • Chief end of man, the, 175, 212.
  • Child, the mind of a, 79.
  • Chinese proverb, a, 80.
  • Christianity, influence on position of woman, 31;
  • Christian fatalism, 143;
  • Church of the future, the, 179, 232.
  • Civility, its value, 107, 223.
  • Civilization, does not increase pleasure, 28;
    • motive of higher, 29.
  • Climate, its influence, 88-90.
  • Clothing, purposes of, 81-83.
  • Coleridge, Hartley, 105;
    • S. T., 70.
  • Colonna, Vittoria, 78, 235.
  • Colors, their effect, 83, 90.
  • Common-places admired, 192.
  • Comradeship, explained, 230.
  • Confidence, delights of, 218.
  • Confucius, quoted, 100.
  • Congenital traits, 59.
  • Conscience, what it is, 209.
  • Consolations of affliction, 248.
  • Contentment, falsity of, 40;
    • not happiness, 22, 116.
  • Conversation, rules for, 223.
  • Cookery, French, 136.
  • Correspondence as an art, 164.
  • Cosiness, the delights of, 86.
  • Country, the love of, 83, 90.
  • Courage, the value of, 146.
  • Cowley, A., quoted, 84.
  • Criminals, psychology of, 209.
  • Cromwell, anecdote of, 192.
  • Culture, the true end of, 40.
  • D’Alembert, quoted, 46.
  • Damocles, story of, 196.
  • Dante, quoted, 247.
  • Death, reflections on, 261, 262.
  • Decalogue, the, discussed, 208.
  • Decision of character, 188.
  • Demonic force, the, 107.
  • Depression, fits of, how cured, 75, 254.
  • Descartes, quoted, 168.
  • Despair, how avoided, 260.
  • Despine, Dr., quoted, 207.
  • Despondency, remedies for, 74, 75, 254.
  • Destiny, the rule of, 102.
  • Diary, benefit of keeping, 165.
  • Dinner, a well-served, 135.
  • Disraeli, quoted, 161.
  • Divorce discussed, 243.
  • Dogmatic doctrines considered, 170, 178.
  • Dress, the philosophy of, 82, 91.
  • Dualism, of morals, the, 209.
  • Duty as related to happiness, 206, 207, 215;
    • the sense of, 209.
  • Eating as an art, 136.
  • Economy, its uses, 122.
  • Education, of woman, 33, 200;
  • Egotism, not individuality, 194.
  • Emerson, R. W., 182.
  • Emotions, pleasures from, 142.
  • Energy, excessive, 113;
    • developed by affliction, 276.
  • Ennui, analysis of, 44;
    • good in, 272.
  • Epictetus, quoted, 19, 25, 39.
  • Epicurus, quoted, 206.
  • Error more agreeable than truth, 56, 167.
  • “Essay on Man,” Pope’s, 54.
  • Essenes, the ancient, 244.
  • Esthetic emotions, the, 149.
  • Ethics dissevered from happiness, 206.
  • Eudæmonics, 11.
  • Evidence, the study of, 43.
  • Evolution, the secret of, 20;
    • strange law of, 169.
  • Executive ability, what it is, 42.
  • Faith, abuse of, 174.
  • Fame, a doubtful pleasure, 168.
  • Family traits, 60;
    • love of the, 244.
  • Fear, prevention of, 39;
    • definition of, 142, 145;
    • avoidance of, 145.
  • Fellowships, what they are, 228.
  • Fichte, quoted, 17, 77.
  • Ficinus, M., quoted, 141.
  • Fifine at the fair, 46.
  • Fine arts, pleasures from, 151.
  • Fixed opinions, folly of, 187.
  • Fontenelle, quoted, 78.
  • Food-taking, as a rite, 134.
  • Fox, George, 32, 232.
  • Foster, John, quoted, 189.
  • Friendship explained, 232;
    • rules for, 233;
    • of men and women, 235.
  • Frivolity of old men, 80;
    • its usefulness, 225.
  • Fuller, Thomas, quoted, 115, 131.
  • Furniture, its place in life, 83.
  • Gambler, the guileless, 97.
  • Gamblers, superstitions of, 98;
    • true spirit of, 106.
  • Games, pleasures of, 153.
  • Gibbon, quoted, 27, 128.
  • Goethe, quoted, 34, 102, 107, 151, 220, 276.
  • Good taste, what it is, 152.
  • Good and evil, how to distinguish, 213.
  • Government, the use of, 198;
    • theories of, 199;
    • aim of, 204.
  • Grief, inconsistencies of, 252.
  • Habit, its tyrannical power, 48.
  • Halevy, quoted, 129.
  • Hamilton, Sir William, 57.
  • Happiness, as the aim of life, 9;
    • definitions of, 15, 77, 105, 109, 167, 168;
    • the distribution of, 26;
    • in relation to health, 65;
    • in relation to beauty, 69;
    • washwoman’s ideal of, 109;
    • and success, 116;
    • how related to riches, 125;
    • complete, not attainable, 143;
    • whence derived, 195;
    • two theories of, 196;
    • independent of morality, 206.
  • Hatred, as an emotion, 148.
  • Hazlitt, Wm., quoted, 113.
  • Health in relation to happiness, 65.
  • Hearing, the pleasures of, 137.
  • Hedonism, 11.
  • Herbert of Cherbury, quoted, 148.
  • Herder, quoted, 88, 110.
  • Heredity, the laws of, 59.
  • Hobbes, quoted, 162.
  • Holland, Sir Henry, 161.
  • Home, what makes a, 83;
    • the love of, 87.
  • Homesickness, 87.
  • Hope, definition of, 142, 145;
    • in disease, 73.
  • House, building a, 85.
  • Humanity, the ideal of, 170.
  • Humboldt, W. Von, quoted, 34, 235, 244.
  • Hume, quoted, 16, 26.
  • Hunt, L., quoted, 268.
  • Hygiene, science of, 65.
  • Ibsen’s drama, 63.
  • Ideal and real, relations of, 53;
    • attraction of, 67;
    • aim of art, 176;
    • ideal truth, 177;
    • of humanity, 170.
  • Ignorance, the bliss of, 56.
  • Imagination, the, its cultivation, 149.
  • Immortality of the soul, 174, 179.
  • Incivility, how to be received, 257.
  • Incompatible desires, 144, 250.
  • Inconsistencies of grief, 252.
  • Individual, the true aim of, 183.
  • Individuality, cultivation of, 181;
    • traits of, 194.
  • Ingratitude, how to regard, 258.
  • Insincerity has no limit, 217.
  • Insurance, value of, 101.
  • Intellect, pleasures derived from, 156;
    • why cold, 167.
  • Intense application, danger of, 113.
  • Kant, quoted, 16, 25, 141, 195, 206.
  • Knowledge, the most useful, 40;
    • its relation to liberty, 199.
  • Labor, as a source of pleasure, 110;
    • unions, their weak points, 230.
  • Lamb, Chas., quoted, 162.
  • Lamps, new for old, 124.
  • Land, ownership of, 84.
  • Leisure, its real use, 117.
  • Letter-writing, 164.
  • Liberty, the true, 197.
  • Life, meaning of, 17, 56;
    • normal duration of, 76;
    • love of, 77.
  • Literary clubs, 163.
  • Littré, quoted, 39.
  • Locke, quoted, 16.
  • Logic of chance, the, 94.
  • Longevity, how attained, 76.
  • Love, of neighbor, 18;
  • Love-feasts, 134.
  • Luck and its laws, 92-96;
    • value of, 106.
  • Making a living considered, 114.
  • Mal des montagnes, the, 89.
  • Malaise, the seat of, 72.
  • Malloch, quoted, 223.
  • Man, the science of, 54;
    • in art and science, 150;
    • evolution of, 169;
    • chief end of, 175, 212;
    • very human, 228.
  • Many-sidedness of character, 190.
  • Marriage, effect on woman, 32;
    • various forms of, 240;
    • French system of, 242;
    • unhappiness in, 243.
  • Meditation as a pleasure, 162.
  • Melancholy, causes of, 272.
  • Men who outlive themselves, 77.
  • Mill, J. S., quoted, 32, 158, 244.
  • Milton, J., quoted, 244.
  • Minor arts, the, 151.
  • Mirabeau, quoted, 197.
  • Misanthropy, causes of, 194.
  • Mission of the species, the, 191.
  • Mitchell, Weir, quoted, 80.
  • Moderation, the rule of, 129.
  • Money and how made, 122;
  • Morality, explained, 195;
    • not identical with happiness, 206;
    • no general code of, 207;
    • motive in, 214.
  • Moral life not the highest aim, 175, 212;
    • sense, distinct from morality, 209;
    • pleasures of the, 209.
  • Motherhood, its attraction, 240.
  • Muscular sense, the, 130.
  • Music, enjoyment of, 137.
  • Mutuality of interests, 229.
  • Nature, is equitable, 62, 80;
    • the charms of, 138;
    • emotions excited by, 150;
    • peculiarities of, 154, 155.
  • Necessity and chance, as arbiters of destiny, 58.
  • Newton, Sir Isaac, 116, 184.
  • Novalis, quoted, 134, 178.
  • Novel reading as a narcotic, 168.
  • Obstinacy, 187.
  • Occupations of necessity and choice, 109.
  • Odors, the power of, 132.
  • Old age, its false claims, 34, 35;
    • how attainable, 75, 76;
    • considered, 79;
    • coveted, 261.
  • Opinion, its might, 186.
  • Ordinary people, preferable, 220.
  • Over-conscientiousness, 114.
  • Over-sensitiveness, pains of, 185.
  • Pain, profitless, 39;
    • relations to pleasure, 16, 55, 263, 266;
    • as an antidote, 257;
    • more natural than pleasure, 271.
  • Paley, quoted, 26.
  • Pascal, quoted, 10, 45, 93, 109.
  • Peace the reward of virtue, 215.
  • Penn, William, quoted, 88.
  • Periodicity, the law of, 48, 267.
  • Perseverance, how useful, 116, 186.
  • Personality, the joy of, 182.
  • Personal liberty, attacks on, 199.
  • Philosophies, the folly of, 142.
  • Philosophy and Happiness, meanings of, 54.
  • Piety and morality, 175;
    • as the last passion, 180.
  • Pindar, quoted, 267.
  • Places, love of, 87.
  • Plato, quoted, 9, 10, 19, 34, 203, 247, 261, 263.
  • Platonic friendships, 235.
  • Play, measure of its value, 117.
  • Pleasure, definitions of, 15, 80, 264;
  • Pleasure-pain sensation, the, 266.
  • Pleasures, relative value of, 21;
    • sources of, 24.
  • Plot-interest, as a pleasure, 152.
  • Poetry, pleasure of reading, 161;
    • of science, 177.
  • Polygamy, injurious results of, 241.
  • Politeness, its value, 222.
  • Politics, why avoided in society, 226.
  • Polycrates, story of, 97.
  • Pope, quoted, 54.
  • Poverty, the worst of, 127.
  • Prayer, the universal, 118;
    • refreshes the mind, 180.
  • Property, as an incentive, 118.
  • Pursuit, the emotions of, 153;
    • of happiness, explained, 54;
    • conclusion of, 278.
  • Puzzles and riddles, pleasure of, 158.
  • Quakers, the, 176, 179, 232.
  • Quincy, Thomas de, quoted, 201.
  • Racial characteristics, 60.
  • Rasselas, quoted, 12, 110.
  • Reading, as an enjoyment, 139;
    • rules for, 159.
  • Reason and religion, 177.
  • Recamier, Madame, her friendship, 235.
  • Recreations, the best, 115.
  • Reflection, pleasure from, 162.
  • Religion, happiness from, 169, 172;
    • unhappiness from, 171, 173;
    • true spirit of, 175;
    • of the future, 176, 179, 232;
    • why not mentioned in society, 226.
  • Remorse, the pains of, 147.
  • Reserve, value of, 189;
    • a help to reputation, 226.
  • Resignation, the virtue of, 259.
  • Respectability, the revolt against, 45, 46.
  • Revenge, as a pleasure, 148.
  • Riches, effective and productive, 120;
    • disappointments of, 126.
  • Risk, the emotions of, 153.
  • Room, the living, 83.
  • Rothschild, Baron, opinion of, 99.
  • Rousseau, quoted, 28, 84.
  • Rules for happiness, why studied, 54.
  • Ruskin, J., quoted, 187.
  • Schopenhauer, A., quoted, 44.
  • Science, the love of, 166;
    • the aim of, 176;
    • and religion, 177;
    • of man, the, 54, 68.
  • Security, how obtained, 196.
  • Self-abnegation, 24.
  • Self-admiration, 191.
  • Self-complacency, 192.
  • Self, conception of, 17;
    • the lord of, 61.
  • Self-conceit corrected, 186.
  • Self-consciousness, 17, 20, 52.
  • Self-control, 24.
  • Self-distrust, appropriate, 194.
  • Self-education, principles of, 36.
  • Self-publication, 226.
  • Self-realization, 17, 56.
  • Self recognition, 204.
  • Self-revelation not self-publication, 226.
  • Self-reverence, 189.
  • Self-sufficiency, 47.
  • Senancour, de, quoted, 43.
  • Seneca, quoted, 19.
  • Sensation the sense of existence, 140.
  • Senses, the pleasures of, 128.
  • Sex, origin of, 60.
  • Shakespeare, quoted, 50, 51, 62, 100, 103, 118, 121, 122, 157, 241, 277.
  • Sight, the pleasures of, 138.
  • Sincerity, importance of, 189.
  • Singularity, what it is, 192.
  • Small-talk, its value, 224.
  • Smell, the pleasures of, 132.
  • Smith, Adam, quoted, 210.
  • Smith, Sydney, quoted, 141, 201.
  • Social organization, the, 196.
  • Socialists, the dreams of, 115, 183.
  • Society, the basis of good, 219;
    • maxims for success in, 220;
    • the aim of, 220;
    • the justice of, 227.
  • Socrates, quoted, 54, 86, 208, 263.
  • Solitude, its uses, 204.
  • Sophocles, quoted, 214.
  • Sorrow, as an educator, 273, 279, 280.
  • Sorrows of age, 76.
  • Spencer, H., quoted, 10, 36, 202.
  • Spinoza, quoted, 16, 17, 155.
  • State and individual, the relations of, 48.
  • Steele, quoted, 193, 269.
  • Success, what it is, 116;
    • from failure, 259.
  • Suffering, the education of, 273.
  • Suicide, easy, 261.
  • Sympathy, whence to seek, 233, 236, 260.
  • Table-talk, rules for, 141.
  • Talleyrand, quoted, 223.
  • Tasso, quoted, 70.
  • Taste, the pleasures of, 133-137.
  • Tears, their use, 251.
  • Temperaments, the four, 71.
  • Tennyson, quoted, 202, 277, 278.
  • Thoreau, H., 35, 40.
  • Time, its value, 124, 142;
    • relation to happiness, 272.
  • Tobacco, the pleasure of, 133.
  • Tolerance of others, 187;
    • of pain and sorrow, 254.
  • Touch, the pleasures of, 131.
  • Truth, the search for as a pleasure, 156, 165;
    • the spirit of, 166;
    • alone gives happiness, 214;
    • ideal, 177;
    • gives freedom, 199.
  • Unhappiness, the removal of, 22, 248;
    • as a habit, 252;
    • in marriage, 243.
  • Uniforms, the value of, 82.
  • Unknown, the, 53.
  • Urbanity, value of, 56.
  • Variety in dress, 82;
    • to be sought, 47;
    • the rule of, 130.
  • Vauvenargues, quoted, 211.
  • Veracity a relative matter, 190.
  • Virtue, its relation to happiness, 206, 211;
    • and vices, relations of, 214.
  • Waitz, Th., quoted, 28, 32.
  • War, destructive to virtues, 215.
  • Ward, L. F., quoted, 10.
  • Wealth, its meaning, 119.
  • Weather, how it affects us, 81, 88.
  • White race, higher sensation in, 63.
  • Whitman, Walt., quoted, 78, 140, 179, 182, 191, 194.
  • Will, motives of the, 16;
    • to strengthen, 255.
  • William of Normandy, his wit, 100;
    • his birth, 102.
  • Woman, unfavorably placed for securing happiness, 30;
    • education of, 33, 200;
    • physical training of, 66;
    • her clothing, 82, 91;
    • intellectual pleasures of, 158;
    • lack of justice, 33, 205;
    • her attraction for man, 237, 240.
  • Work, measure of its value, 117;
    • its healthful action, 255.
  • World, the, as our country, 90.
  • Xavier de Maistre, 83.
  • Youth not the happiest period of life, 34, 76;
    • misanthropy of, 194;
    • compared with age, 76, 80, 225.
  • Zola, E., quoted, 109.