The author argues that painting and sculpture are essentially imitative of nature, contending that the greatest works rest on faithful representation of character and beauty. He assembles testimony from accomplished painters, sculptors, and philosophers and surveys ancient and modern conceptions, practical evidence from artists, and topics such as symmetry. Emphasis is placed on direct observation, the value of first impressions, and the artist’s fidelity to truth in rendering natural form. The work aims to show that a consistent, truthful engagement with nature unites enduring art across different times and schools.