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The Sense of Taste

Chapter 89: INDEX
By Harry L. Hollingworth
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Psychiatry/PsychologyScience - Biology

About This Book

A concise survey of gustatory sensation that links anatomy and physiology of the taste organs to the psychological experience of flavor, preference, and satisfaction. It explains basic taste qualities and their interaction with smell and other senses, outlines experimental methods for measuring taste discrimination and individual differences, and considers how learning and training modify preference. Practical issues such as nutrition, sensory education, and everyday implications are discussed alongside theoretical accounts of how sensory mechanisms produce subjective impressions.

INDEX

  • Abnormalities, of taste, 97, 123 ff., 151 ff.
  • Acetate of lead, 4
  • Acid, 5
  • Adaptation, phenomena of, 48
    • tendency to, 180
  • Addams, 159
  • Æsthetics, motive of products, 192
  • Æsthetic value, of the senses, 168 ff.
  • Affective value, of sensory qualities, 182 ff.
  • After images, nature of, 37
    • of taste, 39
  • Ageusia, 152
  • Alkaline, taste, 20
  • Alkaloids, taste of, 5
  • Allotriophagia, 157
  • Annelids, sense organs of, 133
  • Antagonism, of colors, 30
    • of tastes, 31
  • Appetite, 164 ff.
  • Apple, taste of, 13
  • Areas, of taste, 23, 75
  • Art, and philosophy, 194
  • Auræ of taste, 151
  • Bailey, 45
  • Bain, 8
  • Bell, 134
  • Birds, senses of, 140
  • Bitter, 5, 7, 20, 21, 22, 31, 36, 40, 45, 47
  • Blends, of taste, 18, 29
  • Boyle, 110
  • Brain center, for taste, 89 ff.
  • Brown, 150
  • Burton, 169
  • Calkins, 189
  • Camphor, taste of, 12
  • Cane sugar, taste of, 4
  • Cannon, 161
  • Carlson, 163
  • Cells, supporting and gustatory, 80, 108
  • Censorship, 173
  • Chatin, 7, 18
  • Chemical sense, 131, 135 ff.
  • Chemistry, 1, 4, 78, 96, 99
  • Chevreul, 4, 12
  • Chinaglea, 58
  • Chloroform, taste of, 4, 13, 76
  • Chorda tympani, 87, 98
  • Classification, of tastes, 3 ff.
    • of papillæ, 70
    • of taste stimuli, 96
  • Cocaine, 21
  • Coffee, taste of, 13
  • Colloids, 5, 94, 110
  • Colors, primary, 2
    • names of, 24
    • organization of, 27
  • Compensation, in colors, 30
    • in tastes, 31
  • Contrast, experience of, 34
    • laws of, 37
  • Crustacea, sense organs of, 134
  • Crystalloids, 5, 94, 110
  • Cushing, 88
  • Development, of taste, 51 ff., 116 ff., 143, 184
  • Digestion, and taste, 160
  • Discrimination, of tastes, 47
    • sharpness of, 175
  • Dreams, and taste, 124, 149, 186
  • Drugs, effect of, 20, 150
  • Duration, of sensations, 175
  • Electric stimulation, 100
  • Evolution, of senses, 52
  • Eye, as sense organ, 9, 60
    • stimulus for, 111
  • Fatigue, 48
  • Fishes, senses of, 136
  • Flat worms, sense organs of, 132
  • Flavors, 18, 158 ff.
  • Foods, taste of, 16, 31
    • and flavors, 158
  • Forel, 135
  • Fusion, of colors, 2
    • of tastes, 9, 18
  • Ganglion, nature of, 85
    • Gasserian, 86
  • Gastric juice, 161 ff.
  • Gley, 111
  • Graham, 94, 110
  • Guezer, 53
  • Gymnema, 21
  • Haller, 8
  • Hallucinations, of taste, 124, 149, 151
  • Heat, sensation of, 2
  • Hering, 113
  • Herrick, 137
  • Hornborg, 163
  • Humboldt, 101
  • Imagination, and taste, 144 ff., 185
  • Individual differences, 46, 122 ff.
  • Inertia, of sense organ, 55
  • Insects, senses of, 135
  • Kiesow, 23, 30, 40, 41, 56, 75, 95, 99, 122
  • Kinæsthesis, 9, 10, 19, 34
  • Kroner, 53
  • Kuelpe, 41
  • Kussmaul, 53
  • Ladd, 18, 41
  • Lemonade, taste of, 29
  • Linnæus, 8
  • Magnesia, taste of, 5
  • Malacia, 156
  • Mammals, senses of, 141
  • Manifold, of sensations, 2
    • of taste, 3, 17
  • Meats, taste of, 16
  • Medusa, sense organs of, 132
  • Memory, and taste, 144
  • Mental images, nature of, 144
    • of taste, 146
    • classification of, 148
  • Mixture, of tastes, 28
  • Mode, of sensation, 7
  • Motive, of æsthetic products, 192
  • Muscles, of tongue, 66
  • Myers, 23
  • Nagel, 73, 76, 94, 97, 122, 125
  • Names, of tastes, 23 ff.
  • Nerves, of taste, 80, 83 ff., 115
  • Neurone, nature of, 82, 85
  • Nichols, 45
  • Oehrwall, 114
  • Onion, taste of, 13
  • Organization, of taste, 27 ff., 190
  • Palate, sensitiveness of, 75
  • Papillæ, stimulation of, 10, 22
    • sensitiveness of, 22
    • location of, 68
    • varieties of, 70
    • function of, 105
    • development of, 117
  • Parker, 133, 138
  • Parorexia, 156
  • Patrick, 15
  • Pavlow, 63, 161
  • Perception, nature of, 29
  • Periodic law, 5
  • Perversions, of taste, 156
  • Peterson, 53
  • Philosophy, and art, 194
  • Pica, 157
  • Potassium, taste of, 5
  • Primitive peoples, 23, 126
  • Psychology, and classification, 6, 18
  • Psychophysical attributes, 174 ff.
  • Qualities, of taste, 1
    • distribution of, 21
    • of different senses, 175
  • Quinine, taste of, 13, 22, 32
  • Race differences, 126
  • Rainey, 53
  • Ramsay, 111
  • Reactions, instinctive, 11
  • Reptiles, senses of, 139
  • Richet, 111, 163
  • Saliva, flow of, 64, 93
  • Salivary glands, activity of, 62
    • function of, 103
  • Salt, 5, 20, 22, 31, 36, 40, 45, 57
  • Sapidity, conditions of, 93 ff.
  • Schema, of color qualities, 27
    • of tones, 28
    • of tastes, 39
  • Sense organ, of taste, 60 ff., 75
  • Senses, higher and lower, 168 ff.
    • æsthetic value of, 168 ff.
    • of lower animals, 132 ff.
    • development of, 132
  • Sensitiveness, of taste, 43, 53, 99
  • Sensitiveness, of tongue, 21, 99
    • measures of, 43
    • varieties of, 44
    • of taste and smell, 46
    • of the cell, 130
  • Sham feeding, 162
  • Sheldon, 138
  • Smell, sense organ of, 11
    • self-sacrificing character of, 14
    • loss of, 15
    • function of, 17
    • names for, 24
    • sensitiveness of, 46
    • adaptation to, 49
  • Social character, of senses, 187
  • Sour, 5, 20, 21, 22, 31, 36, 40, 45, 57
  • Spatial attributes, 181
  • Specific energy, of taste nerves, 115
  • Stahr, 117
  • Sternberg, 96, 112
  • Stimulus, meaning of, 3
    • adaptation to, 48, 51
    • adequate and inadequate, 92
    • for taste, 92 ff., 111
  • Subjective tastes, 149
  • Sugar of lead, 5
  • Sulzer, 100
  • Sweet, 5, 7, 20, 21, 31, 36, 40, 45, 57
  • Taste, acquirement of, 50
    • adaptation to, 49
    • æsthetic value of, 168
    • agreeableness of, 7, 24, 50, 158
    • biological rôle of, 158
    • blends of, 9, 18, 28
    • classification of, 3 ff.
    • contrasts of, 37
    • development of, 49, 116, 128 ff., 184
    • disorders of, 123 ff.
    • distribution of, 21, 73, 75, 123
    • in lower animals, 128 ff.
    • names for, 23
    • organ of, 60
    • organization of, 27 ff.
    • poverty of, 14
    • qualities of, 1
    • sensitiveness of, 43, 53
    • stimulus for, 92 ff., 105
  • Taste buds, characteristics of, 78
  • Temperature, effect of, 58, 99
  • Thorndike, 188
  • Threshold, of taste sensation, 44
  • Time, relations, 55
    • of reaction, 57
  • Tongue, as sense organ, 9, 21, 61, 120
  • Touch, sense of, 9, 12, 19
  • Valentin, 45
  • Vegetables, taste of, 16
  • Vocabulary, of taste, 23
  • Volta, 101
  • Water, taste of, 150
  • Woodworth, 18, 41
  • Wundt, 8, 41, 142