The Story of Manhattan

Destructive as the fire was, however, it called attention to the fact that there was a woful lack of water in the city. Most of the water was still supplied by the wells and springs which had been sufficient for a small town, but were by no means so for a city of the present size. It was now that the idea of bringing a large supply of water from without the city was conceived. The plan was to build an artificial course, or aqueduct, for water, from the Croton River, forty miles and more above the city. Many thought that this was not possible, but then other seemingly impossible things had been accomplished, so they pushed ahead and commenced the building of this work. A dam was thrown across the Croton River, forming a lake five miles long. The aqueduct extended from this dam to the city. Sometimes it had to be cut through the solid rock; sometimes it was continued underground by tunnel; sometimes over valleys by embankments, until at last it reached the Harlem River where a stone bridge, called the High Bridge, was built to support it. Through this channel of solid masonry the water was brought into the city, and when it reached the Island of Manhattan was distributed in pipes over the entire city. This wonderful work cost $9,000,000, and took seven years to build. When the water was first released from Croton River and flowed into the new channel, rushing along for forty miles to the city, the citizens rejoiced greatly. There was a celebration with parades and illuminations.

It now looked as though there would be enough water to last no matter how large the city should become, for there were now 95,000,000 gallons a day available. But before another fifty years had passed there was a cry for more water, But this time the people knew just what to do, and another aqueduct was built from the Croton River. This one was carried under the Harlem River instead of over it, supplying so much water that it will doubtless be many a long year indeed before another will be needed.

CHAPTER XXXIX

PROFESSOR MORSE and the TELEGRAPH

There lived in New York at this time a man whose name was Samuel F.B. Morse. He was an artist and was interested in many branches of science. He had founded the National Academy of Design and was Professor of the Literature of the Arts of Design at the University of the City of New York. This man believed that an electric current could be transmitted through a wire and so make it possible to convey a message from one point to another. One night, after having worked on his idea for years, he invited a few friends to the University building, which overlooked Washington Square, and showed them the result of his labors. It was the first telegraph in the world. This was a crude affair, but Professor Morse proved that he could send a message over a wire. In the year 1845 he had advanced so far that a telegraph line was built between New York City and Philadelphia. Then all the world recognized the genius of Morse. The people of New York especially honored him, and even in his lifetime they erected a statue of him which you can see to-day in Central Park.

By this time the city had crept up to both Greenwich Village and Bowery Village, and had engulfed them. On every side were houses, some of them five and six stories high, where before they had been but two stories.

An open space nearby Bowery Village was called Astor Place. This was the scene in 1849 of a famous riot, which came about in this wise: Edwin Forrest, an American actor, and William Charles Macready, an English actor, had quarrelled about some fancied slight. So when Macready came to the city to play at the Astor Place Opera House, some friends of Forrest's gathered and sought to prevent his acting by shouting their disapproval. This was the excuse for an unruly mob to gather outside the theatre and storm the house with stones. Macready escaped by leaving the theatre by a rear door. Then a regiment of soldiers came and after using all peaceful measures to quell the disturbance, fired upon the mob and killed many of them before the space was cleared and quiet restored.

Castle Garden, which had once been Fort Clinton, had become a place of amusement. Here Jenny Lind, "the Swedish Nightingale," sang, and many another artist of rare ability was seen and heard.

Now, too, a World's Fair was opened on Murray Hill. Held in a fairy-like building of glass, made in the form of a Greek cross, with graceful dome and arches, it was a Crystal Palace in fact as in name, where all the products of the world were shown. But, unfortunately, a few years later it was burned to the ground.

There are always some wise and thoughtful people who think of the comfort of others, and some of these realized that it would not be long before the Island of Manhattan would be so covered with houses that there would be no open places where one might enjoy fresh air and recreation. They said it would be well to have a garden laid out for this purpose, with walks and drives as needed. This was done and an immense tract of woodland and forest, almost as large as the city itself at the time, was set apart. As this was in the centre of the island it was called the Central Park. Millions of people have been thankful for it, although they have not put their gratitude into words.

We have now come to the days of the Great Civil War, when many men left the city to join the army. Now there were those who did not see the necessity for war and had no desire to be soldiers, so when more men were called for there was a riot; a terrible and destructive one. A mob swept over the city, a murderous, plundering mob that left a trail of horror wherever it touched; and before it was put down a thousand persons had been killed or injured, and $2,000,000 damage had been done. This was the Draft Riot. The Civil War ended, the city prospered, growing greater and greater, until in the year 1878 the stages and horse-cars could no longer carry all the people. Then railroads elevated above the streets were built that could carry great numbers swiftly to all parts of the city.

New York, already become one of the great cities of the world, advanced with giant strides.

CHAPTER XL

THE GREATER NEW YORK

The time came when the city of New York grew beyond the limits of the Island of Manhattan, though the island had seemed such a boundless tract of land, that it had been thought laughable for the City Plan to provide for streets over its entire length. The city grew larger and larger. It stretched up to the Harlem River, leaped over it and went branching out into the country beyond. Great libraries were built; hospitals for the sick; prisons for the wrong-doer, markets, churches, public institutions of every kind. Buildings grew taller and taller until they came to be twenty and twenty-five stories high. Even then there were so many people that there were not houses enough to hold them all. So they swarmed over into the already large city of Brooklyn, on Long Island. And the ferry-boats being no longer able to carry the vast crowds in comfort, a great suspension bridge was built over the East River from New York to Brooklyn. At last the city of New York and the city of Brooklyn had so much in common, that they, with some of their suburbs, were united into one great city in the year 1898.

Then the Island of Manhattan became simply the Borough of Manhattan, one of the five boroughs of Greater New York.

So the story of the Island of Manhattan is ended.

TABLE of EVENTS

Year

1609.

• Hudson discovers the island of Manhattan

1613.

• Ship Tiger burned

1614.

• United New Netherland Company organized

1614.

• Fort Manhattan built

1621.

• West India Company organized

1626.

• Peter Minuit Governor
• Fort Amsterdam built

1629.

• Charter adopted under which the Manors were established

1633.

• Van Twillier Governor

1636.

• Annetje Jans' Farm laid out

1638.

• William Kieft appointed Governor

1641.

• First Cattle Fair held on Bowling Green

1642.

• Stadt Huys built
• Church built in the Fort

1643.

• Beginning of the Indian wars

1644.

• Fence erected, which was later replaced by a wall, and still later by Wall Street

1646.

• Peter Stuyvesant appointed Governor

1647.

• Kieft and Dominie Bogardus drowned in the wreck of the Princess while returning to Holland

1652.

• City of New Amsterdam incorporated

1653.

• New Amsterdam made a walled city by the building of a wall across the island

1655.

• Stuyvesant subdues the Swedes on the Delaware
• Indian war breaks out again

1664.

• English capture New Amsterdam and it becomes New York
• Richard Nicolls Governor

1667.

• Francis Lovelace appointed Governor

1670.

• Lovelace establishes the first Exchange

1673.

• First mail route established
• The Dutch retake New York

1674.

• English again in possession of New York
• Sir Edmund Andros Governor
• Captain Manning disgraced for surrendering New York to the Dutch

1678.

• Bolting Act created

1681.

• Andros recalled

1682.

• Thomas Dongan Governor

1686.

• Dongan Charter granted to the city

1688.

• New York and New England united, and Sir Edmund Andros Governor

1689.

• William III. becomes King of England
• Jacob Leisler assumes title of Lieutenant-Governor and takes charge of New York

1691.

• Henry Sloughter Governor
• Leisler and Milborne executed
• Governor Sloughter dies

1692.

• Benjamin Fletcher Governor

1693.

• Bradford establishes first printing press in the colony

1696.

• Trinity Church built
• Bolting Act repealed
• Lord Bellomont appointed Governor
• Captain Kidd sails to search for pirates

1697.

• Streets first lighted at night

1699.

• City wall demolished and Wall Street laid out
• City Hall built in Wall Street

1700.

• First library opened

1701.

• Captain Kidd executed in England
• Lord Bellomont dies

1702.

• Lord Cornbury Governor

1705.

• Queen's Farm granted to Trinity Church by Queen Anne

1708.

• Lord Lovelace Governor

1710.

• Robert Hunter Governor

1711.

• Public slave market established

1714.

• First public clock set on City Hall in Wall Street

1715.

• Lewis Morris appointed Chief-Justice

1720.

• William Burnet Governor

1725.

• Bradford prints first newspaper in city

1728.

• John Montgomery Governor

1729.

• First Jewish cemetery established

1731.

• First Fire Department organized
• Montgomery dies

1732.

• William Cosby Governor

1733.

• James De Lancey made Chief-Justice

1735.

• Peter Zenger tried for libel

1736.

• Governor Cosby dies

1741.

• Negro Plot

1743.

• George Clinton Governor

1745.

• Louisburg captured

1752.

• Walton House built

1753.

• Sir Danvers Osborne Governor

1755.

• Sir Charles Hardy Governor

1756.

• Corner-stone of King's College laid
• Lord Loudoun appointed Commander-in-Chief of the British forces in America

1759.

• General Jeffrey Amherst appointed Commander-in-Chief in place of Lord Loudoun

1760.

• Montreal captured
• Lieutenant-Governor De Lancey dies
• George II. of England dies
• George III. becomes King

1761.

• Robert Monckton Governor

1763.

• Monckton resigns as Governor

1765.

• Stamp Act passed
• First Colonial Congress held in New York
• Sir Henry Moore Governor

1766.

• Stamp Act repealed
• Liberty Pole set up on the Common

1770.

• Statues of William Pitt and George III. erected
• Tax removed on all articles except tea
• Battle of Golden Hill

1771.

• Sir William Tryon Governor

1773.

• Tax on tea reduced

1774.

• Taxed Tea dumped into the river
• First Continental Congress held

1775.

• Lexington massacre
• Second Continental Congress
• Turtle Bay stores seized
• Marinus Willett seizes the British ammunition wagons
• Battle of Bunker Hill
• Governor Tryon returns from England
• General Montgomery killed at Quebec

1776.

• April.--General Washington comes to New York after the success of the Continental army at Boston
• July.--Independence declared
• August.--Battle of Long Island

1776.

• September.--British occupy New York
  Battle of Harlem Heights
  A Great Fire
  Nathan Hale executed
• November.--Fort Washington captured

1777.

• George Clinton, Governor of New York State
• Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga
• Washington at Valley Forge

1780.

• Benedict Arnold's treason

1781.

• Surrender of Lord Cornwallis

1783.

• September.--Treaty of Peace, between Great Britain and the United States, signed
• November.--British troops depart from New York
• December.--Washington bids farewell to his officers at Fraunces's Tavern

1788.

• The Doctors' Mob

1789.

• New York the seat of the National Government
• Washington becomes First President of the United States and comes to live in New York
• The Government House built
• Tammany Society organized

1790.

• Trinity Church rebuilt

1798.

• Small-pox epidemic
• Manhattan Company established

1803.

• New City Hall begun

1804.

• Alexander Hamilton killed by Aaron Burr

1805.

• Free School Society organized

1807.

• The Clermont launched

1811.

• City Plan completed

1812.

• United States at war with Great Britain

1814.

• Fort Clinton (afterward called Castle Garden) built
• War with Great Britain ended

1823.

• Yellow fever epidemic

1824.

• General Lafayette comes again to America

1825.

• Erie Canal celebration
• Gas introduced into city

1833.

• First penny newspaper started

1835.

• The "Great Fire" destroys six hundred houses
• Work commenced on the Croton Aqueduct

1842.

• Water admitted through the Croton Aqueduct

1845.

• First telegraph recording apparatus publicly tested by Samuel F.B. Morse

1849.

• Forrest-Macready riots

1853.

• World's Fair in the Crystal Palace

1856.

• Ground bought by the city for the Central Park

1863.

• The Draft Riot

1870.

• Brooklyn Bridge started

1878.

• Elevated roads built

1883.

• Brooklyn Bridge completed

1898.

• The island of Manhattan becomes the Borough of Manhattan of Greater New York

INDEX

Adventure Galley, 82, 83

Amherst, General Jeffrey, 123

Amsterdam, 2, 14

Andre, Major John, 177, 178

Andros, Edmund, 61, 62, 64, 66, 68

Anne, Queen, 28, 91-93

Annetje Jans's farm, 27, 28

Anti-Federalists, 187

Anti-Leislerian Party, 68

Apthorpe, Charles Ward, 156

Apthorpe mansion, 156

Aqueduct, Croton, 227-229

Army, Continental, 144, 148, 151, 179

Arnold, Benedict, 177, 178

Astor Place riot, 231, 232

Astor Place, 231

Bank, Manhattan, 203

Banks, 201-203

Battery, 10, 68, 176

Battle of Bunker Hill, 148

Battle of Golden Hill, 136-138

Battle of Harlem Heights, 164, 165, 166

Battle of Long Island, 154, 155

Bayard Farm, 189

Bayard, Nicholas, 69, 72, 89

Bellomont, Lord, 82, 83, 86-88

Block, Adrian, 10-12

Bogardus, Everardus, 26, 37, 42

Bolting Act, 62, 63

Boston, 66, 84, 140, 141, 143

Boston Port closed, 141

Bouweries laid out, 21

Bouwerie Lane, 21

Bouwerie Village, 54, 76, 231

Bowery Road, 179

Bowery, the, 21, 35

Bowling Green, 12, 35, 93, 105, 131, 134, 152, 200

Bradford, William, 79, 108

Bridge, East River, 236

Bridge, High, 227

British occupy New York City, 163

Broad Street, 57, 148

Broadway, 12, 58, 93, 162, 198, 204

Bunker Hill, Battle of, 148

Burgomasters, 46

Burgoyne, General, 171, 172

Burnet, William, 101-103

Burns's Coffee-House, 129, 130

Burr, Aaron, 150, 201, 203-207

Burton, Mary, 112-114

Buttermilk Channel, 30

Cabot, John, 23, 50

Cabot, Sebastian, 23, 50

Canal, Erie, 220-222

Canal Street, 205

Cape of Good Hope, 3

Castle Garden, 215, 232

Cemetery, first Jewish, 104

Central Park, 233

Chambers, Captain, 139, 140

Charles I., 23

Charles II., 62

Church in the Fort, 36, 37

Church, St. Mark's, 54

Church, St. Paul's, 150, 167, 195, 198

Church, Trinity, 28, 79, 129, 198

City Hall (first), 36, 47, 75, 87, 122

City Hall (in Wall Street), 87-89, 94, 99, 128, 133, 152, 190

City Hall (present), 152, 205

City Hall Park, 50, 175, 176, 214

City Hospital, 184

City Plan, 212, 213

City Wall, 48, 87

Clarke, George, 111, 115, 116

Clermont, the, 210, 211

Clinton, Admiral George, 116-118

Clinton, De Witt, 208, 220-222

Clinton, Governor George, 171

Clock, first public, 99

Colden, Cadwallader, 102, 131, 133

Collect Pond, 50, 114, 189, 198, 202, 204, 205, 209

College, Columbia, 184

College, King's, 121, 184

Colonial Congress, the, 129

Columbia College, 184

Columbia Heights, 164

Columbia University, 121, 164

Colve, Captain Anthony, 58, 59

Committee of Safety, 68

Common, the, 50, 137, 152, 184, 198, 205

Congress, Colonial, 129

Congress, First Continental, 141-143

Congress, Second Continental, 144, 147

Constitution of the United States, 186-188

Continental Army, 148-149, 151, 179

Continental Congress, First, 141-143

Continental Congress, Second, 144, 147

Cornbury, Lord, 89-94

Cornwallis, Lord, 178

Corporation Library, 87

Cosby, William, 105-110

Council of Twelve, 39

Croton Aqueduct, 223, 227-229

Crystal Palace, 233

Cunningham, Provost-Marshal, 176

Declaration of Independence, 152

De Lancey, James, 107-109, 117-121, 123-125

De Lancey, Stephen, 99

De Lancey, Susannah, 116

Demont, William, 168

De Vries, Captain David Pietersen, 28, 39, 40

District of Columbia, 199

Doctors' Mob, 185

Dongan Charter, 65

Dongan, Thomas, 64, 65

Draft Riot, 234

Duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr, 206, 207

Duke of York, 50-54, 55, 60, 61, 64, 65

Dutch Netherlands, 2

East India Company, 2-5, 13

East Indies, 2-5, 13

East River Bridge, 236

Elevated railways, 234

English claim New Netherland, 23, 53

Erie Canal, 220-222

Exchange Place, 57

Fairs on Bowling Green, 35, 36

Federal Hall, 190-194

Federalists, 187, 188

"Federal Ship Hamilton," 188

Ferry-boats, 211

Fire Department, first, 105

Fire of 1776, 167

Fire, "the Great," 224

First City Hall, 36, 47, 75, 87, 122

First Continental Congress, 141-143

First Fire Department, 105

First houses of white men, 12

First Jewish cemetery, 104

First mail route, 57

First minister, 26, 36, 42, 43

First newspaper, 79

First night-watch, 87

First pavements, 93

First printing press, 79

First public clock, 99

First roads, 35

First schoolmaster, 26

First sidewalks, 198

First soldiers in New Netherland, 26

First steamboat, 208-211

First street lamps, 87

First street numbers, 198

First telegraph, 230, 231

First vessel built, 12

Fitch, John, 209

Fitzroy, Lord Augustus, 109, 110

Fletcher, Benjamin, 77-81

Forrest, Edwin, 231

Fort Amsterdam, 19, 27, 53

Fort Clinton, 215, 232

Fort James, 54

Fort Manhattan, 13

Fort Washington, 168

"Fourteen Miles 'round," 195

Franklin House, 193

Franklin Square, 193

Franklin, Walter, 193

Fraunces's Tavern, 99, 100, 180

Frederick, Kryn, 19

Free School Society, 208

French Revolution, 199

"Fulton's Folly," 211

Fulton, Robert, 210, 211

Gage, General Thomas, 141

Gardiner's Island, 84

Gates, General, 172

Gazette, New York, 108

George II., 104, 116, 125

George III., 125, 134, 136, 142, 152

Golden Hill, Battle of, 136, 137, 138

Golden Hill Inn, 137

Government House, 196

Governor's Island, 30

Grant's Tomb, 164

"Great Fire," the, 224

Greenwich Village, 216, 231

Hale, Nathan, 157, 158

Half Moon, 2, 3, 4

Hall of Records, 176

Hamilton, Alexander, 187, 188, 201-203, 206, 207

Hamilton, Andrew, 109

Hardy, Sir Charles, 121

Harlem Heights, 161

Harlem Heights, Battle of, 164-166

Harlem River, 229

Heights, Columbia, 164

Heights, Harlem, 161

Heights, Vandewater, 164

High Bridge, 227

Holland, 2

Holland, States-General of, 15, 16

Houses, first, of white men, 12

Howe, Admiral, 153

Howe, General William, 153, 155, 158, 168, 171

Hudson's Bay, 7

Hudson, Henry, 3-8, 10

Hudson's River, 8

Hunter, Robert, 96, 97, 99, 100

Hyde, Edward (Lord Cornbury), 91.

India, 4

Indians, 1, 4, 8, 9, 10, 16, 33, 34, 37-41

Indian War, 38-43, 49

Ingoldsby, Richard, 71

Island, Gardiner's, 84

Island, Governor's, 30

Island, Long, 30, 31, 84

Island of Manhattan bought from Indians, 18

Island, Nut, 30

Island, Randall's, 31

Island, Staten, 10, 28, 39

Island, Ward's, 31

Jail, New, 175, 176

Jamaica, Long Island, 92

James, Duke of York, 50-54, 60, 61, 64, 65

James II., 64, 66, 67

Jans, Annetje, 28, 42

Jans's farm, 27, 28

Jersey, the, 176, 177

Jewish cemetery, the first, 104

John Street Theatre, 195

Journal, New York Weekly, 108

Kidd, Captain William, 83-85

Kieft, William, 33-43

King's College, 121, 184

Kip's Bay, 158, 161, 162

Koopman, the, 19, 34

Lafayette, Marquis de, 171, 217-219

Leisler, Jacob, 67-76, 86, 89

Leislerian Party, 68, 89

Lexington massacre, 143

Liberty Pole, 134, 136

Lind, Jenny, 232

Lispenard's Meadow, 204

Livingston, Robert, 209, 210

Lockyer, Captain, 138, 139

Long Island, 30, 31, 84

Long Island, Battle of, 154-155

Lords of the Manors, 21, 22

Loudoun, Lord, 123

Louisburg, 117

Lovelace, Francis, 55-58

Lovelace, Lord John, 95, 96

Macready, William Charles, 231, 232

Mail route, the first, 57

Manhattan Bank, 203

Manhattan Company, 203

Manhattan Island, 8, 10

Manhattans, 8

Manning, Captain John, 58, 59, 61, 62

Manors, 21, 22

May, Cornelius Jacobsen, 16

Milborne, Jacob, 68, 69, 72-74

Minister, first, 26, 36, 42, 43

Minuit, Peter, 17-24

Mohawks, 40

Monckton, Robert, 125, 126

Money used by Indians, 37

Montgomery, General Richard, 150

Montgomery, John, 103-105

Montreal, capture of, 123

Moore, Sir Henry, 133

Morris, Lewis, 96, 101, 107

Morris Mansion, 164

Morris, Richard, 96

Morris, Roger, 164

Morrisania, 96

Morse, Samuel F.B., 230, 231

Murray Family, 158-161

Murray Hill, 158

Mutiny Bill, 134, 135

Nanfan, John, 89

National Academy of Design, 230

Negro Plot, 111-115

Negro slaves, 27, 98, 99, 111-115

Netherlands, 2

Netherlands, Dutch, 2

New England, 48, 64-67

New Jail, 175, 176

New Jersey, 40

New Netherland, 12-14, 16-18, 24, 50, 60

New Orange, 59

Newspaper, first, 79

Newspapers, 223, 224

New York Gazette, 108

New York Weekly Journal, 108

Nicholson, Francis, 66, 68-70

Nicolls, Colonel Richard, 55

Night watch, first, 87

Non-Importation Agreement, 130, 136

Non-Importation Association, 130

North Pole, 7

Northwest Passage, 7

Nut Island, 30

Orange, Prince of, 60

Osborne, Sir Danvers, 116-120

Park, City Hall, 50, 175, 176, 214

Patriots, 143

Patroons, 21, 22, 34

Pavements, first, 93

Pearl Street, 16, 36, 193

Permanent revenue, the, 95, 97, 119

Pirates, 80-84

Pitt, William, 134

Plot, Negro, 111-115

Prince of Orange, 60

Printing press, the first, 79

Prisons, 173-177

Prison ships, 176, 177

Prison, Tombs, 205

Privateers, 80, 83

Provisional Assembly, the, 144, 147, 149

Provost, the, 176

Putnam, General, 157, 161

Quebec, 149, 150

Queen Street, 122

Railroad, elevated, 234

Randall's Island, 31

Rebels, 143

Restless, the, 12

Revolution, French, 199

Revolutionary War, 143, 144, 146, 152, 177, 178

Riot, Astor Place, 231, 232

Riot, Doctors', 185

Riot, Draft, 234

River of the Mountains, 4, 8

Roads, the first, 35

Rolandsen, Adam, 26

Royalists, 143

St. Mark's Church, 54

St. Paul's Chapel, 150, 167, 195, 198

Schepens, the, 46

Schoolmaster, the first, 26

Schools, 208

School Society, Free, 208

Schout, the, 46

Schout-fiscal, the, 19

Schuyler, General Philip, 172

Schuyler, Peter, 99

Seal of New York, 63

Second Continental Congress, 144, 147

Ship Adventure Galley, 82, 83

Ship Clermont, 210, 211

Ship, the first built, 12

Ship Half Moon, 2-4

Ship Restless, 12

Ship Tiger, 10, 12

Ships, prison, 176, 177

Ships, tea, 138, 139, 140

Sidewalks, the first, 198

Slave Market, 98

Slaves, 26, 27, 98, 99, 111-115

Sloughter, Henry, 70-73, 75, 76

Small-pox, 200

Smugglers, 34, 39

Soldiers, first, 25, 26

Sons of Liberty, 128, 136, 137, 145-147

Spain, 13

Stadt Huys, 36, 47, 75, 87, 122

Stamp Act, 127-136

Staten Island, 10, 28, 39

States-General of Holland, 15, 16

Steamboat, first, 208-211

Steam ferry-boats, 211

Street lamps, first, 87

Street numbers, first, 198

Street railways, elevated, 234

Streets, how laid out, 212

Stuyvesant, Peter, 44-49, 53, 54, 76

Sugar-house, 174, 175

Tammany Hall, 197

Tammany Society, 197

Taxed tea, 135, 139-141

Tea ships, 138, 139, 140

Tea taxed, 135, 139-141

Telegraph, first, 230, 231

Theatre, John Street, 195

Third City Hall, 152, 205

Tiger, 10, 12

Tombs Prison, 152, 205

Tories, 143

Trading Stations, 103

Trinity Church, 28, 79, 129, 198

Trinity Churchyard, 207

Tryon's Gate, 198

Tryon's Row, 198

Tryon, William, 149, 158

Turtle Bay, 145, 146

"Tyrant of New England," 64

United New Netherland Company, 12

University of the City of New York, 230

Valley Forge, 172

Van Arsdale, John, 180

Van Dam, Rip, 105-108, 110, 111

Vandewater Heights, 164

Van Dincklagen, the schout-fiscal, 31

Van Rensselaer, Kiliaen, 25

Van Twiller buys Governor's Island, 30

Van Twiller's tobacco plantation, 27

Van Twiller, Walter, 25-32

Vauxhall, 132

Verhulst, William, 17

Wall Street, 41, 87, 190

Wall Street, City Hall in, 87-89, 94, 99, 128, 133, 152, 190

Wall, the city's, 48, 87

Walton House, 122

Walton, William, 122

Ward's Island, 31

War, Indian, 38-43, 49

War of the Revolution, 143, 144, 146, 152, 177, 178

War of 1812, 213-215

Warren, Admiral Peter, 116, 117

Washington, City of, 199

Washington, George, 123, 145, 148, 149, 151-158, 162, 164, 168, 170, 172, 173,178-183, 186, 189, 190, 193-195, 199, 200

Weehawken, 207

Westchester, 168

West India Company, 13-16, 18, 21-23, 25, 32, 42, 46, 53, 67

West Indies, 14

West Point, 177

Whigs, 143

Willett, Marinus, 147, 148

Willett, Thomas, 55

William III., 60, 67, 68, 70, 82

"William the Testy," 33

Windmills, 27, 34

World's Fair, 233

Yellow fever, 216

York, James, Duke of, 50-54. 55, 60, 61, 64, 65

Zenger, Peter, 108-110