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The Subterranean World

Chapter 1: THE SUBTERRANEAN WORLD.
By G. Hartwig
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Science - Earth/Agricultural/Farming

About This Book

The text surveys the hidden processes and features beneath the Earth's surface, combining geological history, fossil evidence, and the mechanics of subterranean heat, uplift and subsidence. It explains the formation of strata and mineral deposits, examines volcanic activity and earthquakes, and describes springs, geysers, and artesian wells. Attention is given to caverns and their peculiar fauna and formations, the preservation of ancient organisms in rock, and human interactions with the underground through mining and urban catastrophe. Throughout it links scientific explanation to practical consequences, from resource exploitation to natural hazards.

The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Subterranean World

This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.

Title: The Subterranean World

Author: G. Hartwig

Release date: July 1, 2016 [eBook #52466]
Most recently updated: October 23, 2024

Language: English

Credits: Produced by KD Weeks, Chris Curnow and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE SUBTERRANEAN WORLD ***
Transcriber’s Note:

A complex full-page chart, ‘TABULAR GEOLOGICAL PROFILE’, appeared as p. 3, in mid-paragraph, and has been moved slightly forward. It is presented here as a single image. The link provided below the chart will direct the reader to a text rendition, found at the end of the text.

There are also a number of large maps. Each one is represented in the text by reduced size version, with a [Larger view] link associated with it. This can be used to access a larger, more useful image.

In general, the position of illustrations have been adjusted slightly, where necessary, to avoid falling in mid-paragraph.

Minor errors in punctuation and formatting have been silently corrected. Please see the transcriber’s note at the end of this text for details regarding the handling of any textual issues encountered during its preparation.

THE
SUBTERRANEAN WORLD.
LONDON: PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE
AND PARLIAMENT STREET

CARBONIFEROUS FOREST, CARBONIFEROUS PERIOD.

THE
SUBTERRANEAN WORLD.

BY
DR. GEORGE HARTWIG,
AUTHOR OF
‘THE SEA AND ITS LIVING WONDERS,’ ‘THE TROPICAL WORLD,’ ‘THE POLAR WORLD,’
AND ‘THE HARMONIES OF NATURE.’
WITH THREE MAPS AND NUMEROUS ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD.
NEW YORK:
SCRIBNER, WELFORD, AND CO.
1871.