The narrative chronicles a naval expedition's second voyage, detailing the passage from England via the Cape of Good Hope into the South Pacific in search of a southern continent. It records navigation between New Zealand and Pacific island groups, the separation and reunion of two ships, and anchoring in places such as Dusky Bay and Queen Charlotte's Sound. The account combines practical sailing directions, astronomical and nautical observations, natural history notes, and descriptions of encounters with island inhabitants, their customs, diseases, and trade, including the temporary removal of several islanders and the introduction of livestock to remote islands.