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The troubadours

Chapter 37: CHAPTER XXXII. SOME INTERLINEAR VERSIONS.
By Francis Hueffer
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About This Book

A study traces the development of the langue d'oc and its literary culture, surveying early epics, narrative and didactic poems, and—above all—lyric song produced by troubadours. It outlines social roles of troubadours and joglars, their patrons, performance contexts, and popular forms such as the pastorela, alba, balada, and tenso. The author analyzes artificial forms and metrical techniques, including the sestina and the influence of Dante's metrical treatise, and offers technical commentary for scholars alongside readable chapters for general readers. Interlinear translations and examples illustrate linguistic difficulties and the decline of Provençal literary practice.

CHAPTER XXXII.
SOME INTERLINEAR VERSIONS.

I.
CANZO BY GUILLEM DE CABESTANH.

    1. Li
    2. The
    1. douz
    2. sweet
    1. cossire
    2. thoughts
    1. Qem
    2. Which to me
    1. don
    2. gives
    1. amors
    2. love
    1. soven,
    2. often,
    1. Domnam
    2. Lady, me
    1. fan
    2. make
    1. dire
    2. say
    1. De
    2. Of
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. maint
    2. many a
    1. vers
    2. poem
    1. plazen;
    2. pleasant;
    1. Pessan
    2. Thinking
    1. remire
    2. I gaze (on)
    1. Vostre
    2. Your
    1. cors
    2. body
    1. car
    2. dear
    1. e
    2. and
    1. gen,
    2. comely,
    1. Cui
    2. Which
    1. eu
    2. I
    1. dezire
    2. desire
    1. Mas
    2. More
    1. qe
    2. than
    1. non
    2. (not)
    1. faz
    2. I make
    1. parven;
    2. appearance;
    1. E
    2. And
    1. sitot
    2. although
    1. me
    2. myself
    1. deslei
    2. I make (appear) disloyal
    1. Per
    2. For
    1. vos,
    2. you(r sake),
    1. ges
    2. scarcely
    1. nous
    2. (not) you
    1. abnei,
    2. I deny;
    1. Q’ades
    2. For soon
    1. vas
    2. towards
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. soplei
    2. I pray
    1. De
    2. With
    1. francha
    2. genuine
    1. benvolensa.
    2. love.
    1. Domna,
    2. Lady,
    1. on
    2. where (in whom)
    1. beutaz
    2. beauty
    1. gensa,
    2. is an ornament,
    1. Maintas
    2. Many
    1. vez
    2. times
    1. oblit
    2. I forget
    1. mei
    2. myself
    1. Q’eu
    2. That I
    1. lau
    2. may praise
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. e
    2. and
    1. mercei.
    2. implore mercy.
    1. Toz
    2. All
    1. temps
    2. times
    1. m’azire
    2. me may hate
    1. L’amors
    2. The Love
    1. qeus
    2. which you
    1. mi
    2. (from) me
    1. defen,
    2. withholds
    1. S’eu
    2. If I
    1. jal
    2. ever
    1. cor
    2. the heart
    1. vire
    2. turn
    1. Ad
    2. To
    1. autr’
    2. another
    1. entendemen;
    2. (loving) understanding;
    1. Tolt
    2. Taken away
    1. m’
    2. (from) me
    1. avez
    2. you have
    1. rire
    2. laughter
    1. E
    2. And
    1. donat
    2. given
    1. pessamen.
    2. thought.
    1. Plus
    2. More
    1. greu
    2. severe
    1. martire
    2. martyrdom
    1. Nuls
    2. No
    1. homs
    2. man
    1. de
    2. of
    1. me
    2. me (than I)
    1. no sen;
    2. not feels;
    1. Qar
    2. For
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. que
    2. whom
    1. plus
    2. more
    1. envei
    2. I desire
    1. De
    2. Of (than a)
    1. re
    2. thing
    1. q’el
    2. which in the
    1. mon
    2. world
    1. estei,
    2. is
    1. Desautorc
    2. I disavow
    1. e
    2. and
    1. mescrei
    2. deny
    1. E
    2. and
    1. desam
    2. un-love
    1. en
    2. in
    1. parvensa;
    2. appearance;
    1. Tot
    2. All
    1. qant
    2. how much
    1. faz
    2. I do
    1. per
    2. through
    1. temensa
    2. fear
    1. Devez
    2. You must
    1. en
    2. in
    1. bona
    2. good
    1. fei
    2. faith
    1. Prendre,
    2. Take,
    1. neis
    2. even
    1. qan
    2. when
    1. nous
    2. not you
    1. vei.
    2. I see.
    1. En
    2. In
    1. sovinensa
    2. memory
    1. Tenc
    2. I hold
    1. la
    2. the
    1. car’
    2. face
    1. el
    2. and the
    1. dous
    2. sweet
    1. ris,
    2. smile,
    1. Vostra
    2. Your
    1. valensa
    2. worth
    1. El
    2. And the
    1. bel
    2. beautiful
    1. cors
    2. body
    1. blanc
    2. white
    1. e
    2. and
    1. lis;
    2. lithe;
    1. Si
    2. If
    1. per
    2. through
    1. crezensa
    2. faith
    1. Estes
    2. I were
    1. ves
    2. towards
    1. deu
    2. God
    1. tan
    2. as
    1. fis,
    2. faithful,
    1. Vius
    2. Alive
    1. ses
    2. without
    1. falhensa
    2. failure
    1. Intrer’
    2. I should enter
    1. en
    2. into
    1. paradis;
    2. paradise.
    1. Q’
    2. For
    1. aissim
    2. so myself
    1. sui
    2. I am (have)
    1. ses
    2. without
    1. toz
    2. all (any)
    1. cuz
    2. hesitation
    1. De
    2. Of
    1. cor
    2. the heart
    1. a
    2. to
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. renduz
    2. given
    1. Q’autra
    2. That another
    1. jois
    2. joys
    1. nom
    2. not to me
    1. aduz;
    2. gives;
    1. Q’una
    2. For one
    1. no
    2. not
    1. porta
    2. wears
    1. benda,
    2. a band
    1. Q’en
    2. That I of her
    1. prezes
    2. should prize
    1. per
    2. as
    1. esmenda
    2. compensation
    1. Jaser
    2. To lie (with her)
    1. ne
    2. nor that
    1. fos
    2. I were
    1. sos
    2. her
    1. druz
    2. lover
    1. Per
    2. (In exchange) for
    1. las
    2. the
    1. vostras
    2. your
    1. saluz.
    2. greetings.
    1. Toz
    2. All
    1. jorns
    2. the days
    1. m’agensa
    2. me stirs
    1. Desirs,
    2. Desire,
    1. tan
    2. so much
    1. m’abelis
    2. me attracts
    1. La
    2. The
    1. captenensa
    2. bearing
    1. De
    2. Of
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. per
    2. for
    1. cui
    2. whom
    1. languis;
    2. I languish;
    1. Bem
    2. Good to me
    1. par
    2. it seems
    1. qem
    2. that me
    1. vensa
    2. should conquer
    1. Vostr’
    2. Your
    1. amors,
    2. love,
    1. q’ans
    2. for before
    1. qeus
    2. that you
    1. vis
    2. I saw
    1. Fo
    2. It was
    1. m’
    2. to me
    1. entendensa,
    2. a knowledge
    1. Qeus
    2. That you
    1. ames
    2. I should love
    1. eus
    2. and you
    1. servis;
    2. I should serve;
    1. Q’
    2. For
    1. aissim
    2. thus myself
    1. sui
    2. I am (have)
    1. remansuz
    2. remained
    1. Sols
    2. Alone
    1. ses
    2. without
    1. autres
    2. other
    1. ajuz
    2. helps
    1. Q’
    2. But
    1. ab
    2. (from)
    1. vos,
    2. you
    1. e
    2. and
    1. n’
    2. therefrom
    1. ai
    2. I have
    1. perduz
    2. lost
    1. Mans
    2. Many
    1. bes,
    2. boons;
    1. quis
    2. he who for himself
    1. vuelhals
    2. will (have) them
    1. prenda;
    2. take (them);
    1. Q’a
    2. For to
    1. mi
    2. me
    1. plaz
    2. it pleases
    1. mais
    2. more
    1. q’atenda
    2. that I should wait
    1. Ses
    2. Without
    1. toz
    2. all
    1. covenz
    2. covenants
    1. saubuz
    2. known
    1. Vas
    2. (With) towards (her)
    1. don
    2. from whom
    1. m’
    2. to me
    1. es
    2. (has) is
    1. jois
    2. joy
    1. creguz.
    2. grown.
    1. Ans
    2. Before
    1. qe
    2. that
    1. s’encenda
    2. itself may inflame
    1. Inz
    2. Inside
    1. el
    2. in the
    1. cor
    2. heart
    1. la
    2. the
    1. dolors,
    2. pain,
    1. Merces
    2. Mercy
    1. desenda
    2. may descend,
    1. Domn’
    2. Lady,
    1. en
    2. into
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. et
    2. and
    1. amors,
    2. love,
    1. Qe
    2. Which
    1. joi
    2. joy
    1. mi
    2. to me
    1. renda
    2. may give
    1. En
    2. Amidst
    1. lonhs
    2. long
    1. sospirs
    2. sighs
    1. e
    2. and
    1. plors.
    2. tears.
    1. Nous
    2. Not ou
    1. o
    2. this
    1. defenda
    2. may forbid
    1. Paratges
    2. Parentage
    1. ni
    2. nor
    1. ricors;
    2. wealth;
    1. Q’oblidaz
    2. For forgotten
    1. m’es
    2. (by) me is
    1. toz
    2. every
    1. bes,
    2. boon,
    1. S’ab
    2. If with
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. nom
    2. not me
    1. val
    2. helps
    1. merces;
    2. mercy;
    1. Ai!
    2. Oh!
    1. bella
    2. beautiful
    1. dousa
    2. sweet
    1. res,
    2. thing,
    1. Molt
    2. Much
    1. feraz
    2. will you do
    1. gran
    2. great
    1. franqesa
    2. frankness
    1. M’amessez
    2. (If) me you would love
    1. o
    2. or
    1. non
    2. not
    1. ges;
    2. (scarcely)
    1. Q’eras
    2. For now
    1. no
    2. not
    1. sai
    2. I know
    1. qe
    2. which
    1. s’es.
    2. (itself) it is.
    1. Non
    2. Not
    1. trop
    2. I find
    1. contenda
    2. resistance
    1. Contra
    2. Against
    1. vostras
    2. your
    1. valors;
    2. worth(s);
    1. Merces
    2. Mercy
    1. von
    2. you thereof
    1. prenda
    2. may take
    1. Tals
    2. Such
    1. q’a
    2. as to
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. si’
    2. would be
    1. onors;
    2. an honour;
    1. Ja
    2. Ever
    1. nom
    2. not me
    1. entenda
    2. may hear
    1. Dieus
    2. God
    1. mest
    2. amongst
    1. sos
    2. his
    1. prejadors,
    2. worshippers,
    1. Si
    2. If
    1. volh
    2. I will (take)
    1. la
    2. the
    1. renda
    2. income
    1. Dels
    2. Of the
    1. qatre
    2. four
    1. reis
    2. kings
    1. majors
    2. greatest
    1. Qe
    2. So that
    1. ab
    2. with
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. nom
    2. not to me
    1. valgues
    2. should be of use
    1. Dieus
    2. God
    1. e
    2. and
    1. ma
    2. my
    1. bona
    2. good
    1. fes;
    2. faith;
    1. Qe
    2. For
    1. partir
    2. part (from you)
    1. nom
    2. not (me)
    1. posc
    2. I can
    1. ges
    2. scarcely
    1. Tant
    2. So
    1. fort
    2. strongly
    1. si
    2. itself
    1. es
    2. is (has)
    1. empresa
    2. inflamed
    1. M’
    2. My
    1. amors,
    2. love,
    1. e
    2. and
    1. si
    2. if
    1. fos
    2. it were
    1. presa
    2. found
    1. En
    2. (In)
    1. baisan
    2. kissing
    1. nius
    2. and if you
    1. plagues,
    2. it pleased
    1. Ja
    2. Ever
    1. no
    2. not
    1. volgram
    2. should I wish myself
    1. solves.
    2. that I severed.
    1. Anc
    2. Ever
    1. res
    2. a thing
    1. q’a
    2. that (to)
    1. vos
    2. you
    1. plagues
    2. pleased
    1. Bona
    2. Good
    1. domna
    2. lady
    1. cortesa
    2. courteous
    1. Tan
    2. So much
    1. no
    2. not
    1. m’
    2. to me
    1. estet
    2. was
    1. defesa,
    2. forbidden
    1. Q’eu
    2. that I
    1. ans
    2. sooner
    1. no
    2. not
    1. la
    2. it
    1. fezes,
    2. should do
    1. Qe
    2. Than
    1. d’als
    2. of another thing
    1. mi
    2. (myself)
    1. sovengues.
    2. I should think.

II.
IDYLL BY MARCABRUN.