The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. 1 (of 9) / Being His Autobiography, Correspondence, Reports, Messages, Addresses, and Other Writings, Official and Private

INDEX TO VOL. I.

• Adams, John—His views on Articles of Confederation, 33.
  • Appointed Minister to England, 63.
  • His presentation at the Court of St. James, 436.
• Adams, Samuel—His character, 121.
• Agriculture—Its superiority to all other pursuits, 403, 465.
  • That of England and France compared, 549.
• Aliens—Who are and who are not aliens, 530.
• Algiers—(See Barbary States).
• America, U. States of—Imperfections of Articles of Confederation, 78.
  • A New Constitution for, necessary, 78.
  • Views of U. States prevalent in Europe, 407, 413.
  • Views of public affairs of U. States in A. D. 1785, 423.
  • English calumnies against, 427.
  • Hostile feeling of England against, 429, 464, 541, 550, 563, 604.
  • Low reputation of, in Europe, 513.
  • Extravagance of the people, 550.
  • Summary of news from, 349.
• Antoinette, Maria—Her character, 88, 101.
• Arms—Supply of, for Congress, 603.
• Army, Revolutionary—Virginia troops, 235.
  • Continental troops, 235.
  • Disasters in South, 241, 249.
  • Success in Canada, 202.
  • Supplies of men, provisions and ammunition from Virginia for the Southern Army, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249, 251, 252, 253, 254, 256, 260, 262, 263, 273, 274, 285, 288, 302, 304.
  • The movements of the Southern Army, 291, 294, 296, 298, 299, 300, 302, 303, 309.
  • Expedition against Canada, 206.
  • Military movement in Va., 207.
  • Process of the War, 211.
  • False account of our battles circulated in Europe, 207.
• Articles of Confederation—(See Confederation).
• Asquith, Lister—Relative to his imprisonment in France on charge of being engaged in contraband trade, 583.
• Astronomy—Discoveries in, 447, 516.
• Austria—Relations between the Emperor and the Dutch, 346, 353, 355, 358, 365, 400, 405.
  • Relations between Austria, Russia, and Turkey, 400.
  • Treaty of Commerce with, 510, 523, 566, 571.

• Balloons—Experiments with in France, 354, 441.
• Barbary States—Naval alliance against proposed, 65, 591, 606.
  • It fails, 67.
  • Disposition of towards U. S., 401, 413, 428.
  • Relations of U. S. with, 376, 393, 557, 560, 565, 570, 572, 575, 584, 591, 601.
  • A mission to, advisable, 406.
  • Mr. Barclay sent on the mission to Morocco, 416, 474.
  • Letter to Emperor, 418.
  • Instructions to Mr. Barclay, 420.
  • Inquiries to be made by him, 421.
  • Mr. Lambe sent on mission to Algiers, 376, 438, 457, 474, 581.
  • Embarrassments occasioned by his delay, 376, 385.
  • Remanded to America to give information in respect to mission, 581.
  • His equivocal conduct, 605.
  • Passports for ministers, 471.
  • American prisoners, 439, 477, 601.
  • Negotiations with the Tripolitine minister, 551.
  • Naval war against, advisable, 591.
• Boston Port Bill—Effects of its passage on colonies, 6.
  • Proceedings thereon in Va. Assembly, 6.
  • June 1st, appointed day of general fasting, humiliation and prayer, 7.
• Boundary—Between Pennsylvania and Virginia, 399.
• Burgesses, Virginia House of—Proceedings in, on Stamp Act, 4.
  • Distinguished members, 4.
  • Tone and political views of members, 5.
  • Proceedings on Boston Port Bill, 6.
  • Dissolved by Governor, 7.
  • Recommended sending members to Continental Congress, 7.
  • Also to elect delegates to meet at Williamsburg, 7.
  • Their action, 8, 9.

• Camden—Battle of, 263.
• Capitol of Virginia—Model for from France, 46.
• Carmichael, Mr.—The estimation in which held at Court of Spain, 526.
• Carr, Peter—Letter of advice to in respect to education, &c., 395.
• Chancery Courts—Expediency of introducing trial by Jury in, 37, 49, 50.
• Cherbourg, Port of—Its fortification, 587.
• Church, Episcopal—Its first establishment in Virginia, 38.
  • Character of its clergy, 38.
  • Dissenters from constitute a majority, 38.
  • Its overthrow as an establishment, 39, 174.
  • Its maintenance advocated particularly by Pendleton and Robert C. Nicholas, 39.
• Cincinnati, Society of—History of and objections to, 334.
• Citizenship—Act defining it, 40.
• Clarke, Col.—His success at St. Vincennes, 221.
  • Expedition against Indians, 339, 359, 381, 382, 395.
• Colonies, American—Resistance to mother country, 5.
  • Tone and views of different parties, 5.
  • Resistance to Governor, 5.
  • Summary view of relations between and the mother country, 8.
  • Summary view of their rights, 124.
  • Their grievances, 201.
• Commerce—Commercial treaties under Confederation, 60.
  • Powers of Congress over, 349.
  • Proposition to exempt merchant vessels from seizure in time of war, 62.
  • Commercial treaties with European powers, 62, 371, 455, 459, 465, 478, 487.
  • Benefits of, 404.
  • Expediency of investing Congress with control of, 425, 475, 487, 531.
  • Commercial relations with France, 378, 386, 491, 499.
  • Commercial relations with Austria, 511, 512, 523.
  • The commerce of the U. States, 597.
  • Programme of commercial treaties with European powers, 350, 360, 371.
• Committees of Correspondence—Their origin, 6, 115, 124.
• Confederation, Articles of—Report of committee appointed to prepare, 26.
  • Debates thereon in Continental Congress, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31.
  • Adoption thereof, 36.
  • Executive power lodged in Committee, 54.
  • The Committee splits into factions, 54.
  • Character of Congress under, 58.
  • Imperfections of Articles of Confederation, 78.
  • New Constitution necessary, 78.
  • Financial embarrassments under Confederation, 83.
  • Powers of over commerce, 349, 425, 475, 487.
• Congress—Proceedings of Continental Congress, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
  • Address by to people of Great Britain, 11.
  • Character of Congress under Confederation at Annapolis, 58.
  • Instructions of Va. to her delegates to Continental Congress, 122, 142.
• Constitution, Federal—Mr. Jefferson's views on, 79.
• Consuls—Consular Convention with France, 85.
  • Consuls not recognized by Law of Nations, 426.
• Convention—The Assembly of the Convention to amend constitution, 79.
• Cornwallis, Lord—His military movements in South, 291, 294.
• Criminal Code—Revision of Criminal Code of Va., 43.
  • Whether punishment of death should be abolished, 45.
  • Bill proportioning crimes and punishments, 146.
• Currency—Notes on Money Unit, 53, 162.
  • Coinage for U. States, 475.

• Davies, Col. Wm.—Recommendation of for Commissioner of War Office, 301.
• Debt, Domestic—Condition of, 369, 472, 578.
• Debt, Foreign—Condition of, 82, 369, 471, 510, 512, 519, 546, 566, 576.
  • Interest on, 357.
• Debt, Revolutionary—Interest not paid during war, 546, 561.
  • On what principle paper debt redeemed, 595.
• Declaration of Independence—Moved in Continental Congress by Va. delegates in conformity with instructions, 12.
  • Debates on that motion, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17.
  • Action thereon, 17, 18.
  • Committee appointed to prepare, 17, 18.
  • Report of Committee, 19.
  • Copy of rough draught of Declaration, 19, 20.
  • Facsimile of rough draught of Declaration, 26.
  • History of circumstances attending the Declaration of Independence, 118.
  • Necessity of separation from mother country, 207.
• Denmark—Claim against for prize money, 461, 489.
  • Money paid, 522.
  • Commercial relations of U. S. with, 571.
• Dumas, M.—His personal standing in France and Holland, 527, 568.
  • Debt due to, 528.
  • His mission to the Hague, 593.

• Eclipse—The eclipse of 1778, 310.
• Education—General system of, 347.
  • Letter of advice from Mr. Jefferson in relation to, 395.
  • Relative advantages of foreign and domestic education, 467.
• England—Commercial treaty with impracticable, 64, 541, 543, 550, 552, 553.
  • Hostile feelings towards U. States, 429, 464, 541, 550, 563, 604.
  • England and France compared, 549.
  • Relations of U. States with, 557, 560, 561, 576.
  • Debt of U. S. to, 563.
  • Incites Indians against our people, 604.
• Entails—Abolition of in Va., 37, 138.
• Episcopal Church—Its first establishment in Virginia, 38.
  • Character of its clergy, 38.
  • Dissenters from in the majority, 38.
  • Its overthrow as the established Church, 39, 174.
  • Resisted by Pendleton and Nicholas, 39.
• Europe—Political condition of, 346, 353, 355, 358, 365, 366, 400, 435, 442, 453, 509, 559, 605.
  • Relations between Emperor and Dutch, 346, 353, 355, 358, 365, 400, 405, 412.
  • Relations between Austria, Russia and Turkey, 400.
  • Mr. Jefferson's views of Europe, 444.

• France—Influence of American Revolution on, 69.
  • Financial embarrassments of, 69.
  • Assembly of Notables convened, 70.
  • They refuse to vote supplies, 70.
  • Constitutional reforms, 71.
  • Abuses of old government, 86.
  • Assembling of States General, 87.
  • Progress of the Revolution, 87.
  • Constitution of States General, 87.
  • Character of King and Queen, 88, 101.
  • Severity of winter of 1788-9, 88.
  • Importation of bread-stuffs from America, 89.
  • Riots, 89, 97.
  • Opening of States General, 90.
  • Early debates and difficulties in organizing, 91.
  • Tiers Etat constitute themselves the National Assembly, 92.
  • Conduct and policy of Court party, 92.
  • Royal session, 94.
  • Popular demonstrations, 94.
  • Disaffection of soldiery, 95.
  • Part of Nobles and Clergy join Tiers Etats, 95.
  • New Constitution for France, 96, 103.
  • Military interference by Government, 96.
  • Mr. Neckar expelled from ministry, 96.
  • The new Court Ministry, 97.
  • Bastile taken, 98.
  • Resignation of Court Ministry and recall of Mr. Neckar, 100.
  • Flight of aristocracy begins, 100.
  • Views on the execution of King and Queen, 101.
  • The Neckar Ministry, 102.
  • Great reforms of National Assembly, 103.
  • Divisions spring up in popular party, 103.
  • Friendly relations between France and U. S., 456.
  • Relations between France and England, 381.
  • England and France compared, 549.
  • Mr. Jefferson's views of French people, 187, 395, 549.
  • Commercial relations with U. S., 378, 386, 491, 499, 561, 567, 586, 589.
• Franklin, Benj.—His views on Articles of Confederation, 31.
  • Visits to from Jefferson, 108.

• Gates, Gen.—His disasters in the South, 241, 249.
  • Supplies for from Virginia, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 256, 260, 262, 263, 273, 274, 285, 288, 302, 304.
  • Consolations of Jefferson on his failures, 314.
• Geology—516.
• Greene, Gen.—His military movements in South, 291, 294, 296, 298, 299, 300, 302, 303, 309.

• Hamilton, Gen.—His detention as prisoner of war, 231, 232, 233, 237, 258, 267.
• Henry, Patrick—His connection with Revolution, 116.
  • His eloquence, 4.
• History, Natural—Objects of, 500.
  • The grouse, pheasant, elk, &c., 506, 507, 519.
  • The big bones of the West, 323.
  • Whether animals degenerate in America, 340.
• Honfleur, City of—Relative to making it a free port, 579.
• Hopkinson, Mr.—His views on Articles of Confederation, 34.
• Houdon—His Statue of Washington, 513, 533.
• Humphreys, Col.—Testimonial of his character, 538, 568.

• Independence, Declaration of—First moved in Continental Congress by the Delegates from Va., in obedience to instructions, 12.
  • Debates on that motion, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17.
  • Action of Congress thereon, 17, 18.
  • Committee appointed to prepare Declaration, 17, 18.
• Independence, Declaration of—Report of Committee, 19.
  • Copy of rough draught of Declaration, 19, 20, &c.
  • Facsimile of rough draught of Declaration, 26.
  • History of the circumstances attending the Declaration, 118.
  • Separation from mother country necessary and inevitable, 207.
• Indians—Expeditions of Clarke and Shelby against, 221.
  • Expedition by Clarke, 239, 259, 281, 282, 295.
  • England incites them against our people, 604.
• Ireland—Commerce with U. S., 478.

• Jefferson, Thomas—His Family, 1, 2.
  • His birth, 2.
  • His early education, 2.
  • Elected to Virginia Legislature, 3.
  • Endeavors to have slavery abolished in Va., 3.
  • His marriage, 4.
  • Student at William and Mary College, 4.
  • Resolutions against Stamp Act, 4.
  • Proceedings thereon in Va., 4.
  • Appointed member of Continental Congress, 10.
  • Elected to Va. Legislature after separation from England, 36.
  • Brings in bill for establishing courts of justice, 36.
  • Also declaring that tenants entail shall hold their lands in fee, 36.
  • Appointed member of committee to revise laws of Va., 42.
  • Overthrow of landed aristocracy of Va., 49.
  • Elected Governor of Va., 50, 216.
  • His resignation in favor of Gen. Nelson, 50.
  • Appointed Commissioner to France, 50.
  • Declines in favor of Dr. Lee, 51.
  • Appointed minister plenipotentiary to negotiate peace, 51.
  • Declines at first, but accepts afterwards, 51, 313, 321.
  • Prepares to sail, 322, 324, 326.
  • His detentions, 327, 332.
  • Treaty of peace being concluded before he sails, he resigns and returns home, 52, 329, 330, 331.
  • Appointed delegate to Congress, 52.
  • Executive powers of Confederation to lodge in committee, 54.
  • Committee split into factions, 54.
  • Appointed minister plenipotentiary to negotiate treaties with foreign nations, 60.
  • Sails for Europe, 60.
  • Appointed minister to France, 63.
  • Subjects of negotiation with France, 64.
  • Visit to South of France, 72.
  • Dislocated wrist, 72.
  • Takes management of European debt of U. S., 83.
  • Visit to Holland and journey along Rhine, 85.
  • Refuses to aid in framing Constitution for France, 103.
  • Consultation at his house in Paris among the leaders of liberal party of France, 104.
  • His views of French revolution, 106.
  • His views of the French people, 107.
  • His return to U. S., 107.
  • Appointed Sec'y of State, 108, 176.
  • Visits Franklin, 108.
  • A summary of his public services, 174.
  • Love affair in Williamsburg, 181, 186, 188, 190.
  • Relative to his residence in Williamsburg; friends and things there, 184, 193, 194.
  • Loss of his library and papers by fire, 193.
  • His opinion of Ossian, 196.
  • Member of the association against importing goods from England, 197.
  • His love of music, 209.
  • His views of Europe, 444.
  • His salary as minister insufficient, 452.
• Judiciary—Jefferson's views on, 81.
  • Expediency of introducing jury trial in chancery courts, 37, 49, 50.

• Kentucky, State of—Danger of her secession, 518.

• La Fayette—Presentation of bust of, by Virginia to City of Paris, 403, 514.
  • Grant of land to, 533.
• Lambe, Mr.—His mission to Algiers, 376, 581.
  • Embarrassments resulting from his delay, 376, 385.
  • Remanded to America to give information in reference to his mission, 581.
  • His conduct equivocal, 605.
• Land—Colonial tenure of, 138.
• Lands, Public—Best disposition to be made of, 347.
  • Ordinance in relation to, 407.
• Lands—Purchase of by Congress, 423.
  • Land office, 423, 430.
  • Sale of, 430.
• Law, International—Proposition to introduce new principle in, 62.
  • Free ships free goods, enemy's ships enemy's goods, 62.
• Laws of Virginia—Revision thereof, 42, 45.
• Ledyard, John—Expedition to explore western part of American Continent, 68.
  • Defeated by Empress of Russia, 68.
• Leslie, Maj. Gen.—Letter from to Cornwallis intercepted, 271.
• Lexington, Battle of—Account of killed and wounded, 207.
• Loans—European loans to U. S., 210.
• Louis XVI.—His Character, 88, 101.
• Luzerne, Chevalier de—His appointment as minister to U. S., 350.

• Madison, James—His character and early history, 41.
• Map—Map of Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, 536.
• Maria Antoinette—Her character, 88, 101.
• Mason, George—His character, 41.
• Mathews, Col.—Prisoner of war, 231, 232, 233.
• Monroe, Col. James—His character, 555.
  • His marriage, 590.
• Morocco—(See Barbary States).
• Muskets—Improvement in the manufacture of, 412, 514.
• Music—New musical instrument, 504.

• Netherlands—Insurrection against Stadtholder, 73.
  • France promises assistance, 73.
  • Difficulties compromised, 77.
• Notables, Assembly of—Notables convened, 70.
  • They refuse to vote supplies, 70.
  • Make reforms in constitution, 71.
• Nova Scotia—Relations of with U. S., 488.

• Office—Question whether a citizen has right to decline office, 420.
• Oglethorpe, Gen.—His claim to certain lands in Georgia, 499, 500, 501.
• Ossian—Jefferson's opinions of Ossian's poems, 199.
• Otto, M.—His mission to U. S., 346.

• Peace—Ratification of at Annapolis, 55, 56.
  • Debate thereon, 56, 59.
• Pendleton, Edmund—His character, 37.
  • Opposed to abolition of entails, 37.
  • Also to abolition of church establishment in Va., 39.
• Penitentiary—Model for Virginia penitentiary, 46.
  • Question as to solitary confinement, 46, 47.
• Pennsylvania—Boundary between and Virginia, 399.
• Peyrouse, M.—His expedition, 454, 602.
• Phillips, Gen.—Point of etiquette between him and Jefferson, 308.
• Platina—Its Uses, 505.
• Portugal—Treaty of commerce with defeated, 64.
  • Proposed again, 406, 458, 460, 492, 539, 543, 551.
• Post Office—Postal arrangements between France and the U. S, 410.
  • Rascalities of French and English post offices, 442.
• Posts, Western—Refusal of England to surrender them, 450.
• Primogeniture—Its abolition in Va., 43, 39, 138.
• Prisoners of War—The Saratoga prisoners, 202, 268, 276.
  • Case of Col. Hamilton, 231, 232, 233, 237, 258, 267.
  • Case of Col. Mathews, 231, 232, 233.
  • Jefferson's attention to Saratoga prisoners, 278.
• Prizes—Claim against Denmark for prize money, 461, 522.
  • Against France, 364, 374, 392.
• Prussia—Commercial negotiations with, 355, 368, 372, 382, 416, 469.
  • Bad health of King of, 586.
  • His death and the effects of in Europe, 586.

• Religion—Bill establishing religious freedom, 45.
• Revolution, American—Its early stages, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.
  • Association against importing foreign goods, 197.
  • Outbreak at Boston, 199, 202.
  • Tone of Colonies, 201, 203, 204.
  • Expedition against Canada, 202, 206.
  • Military movement in Va., 207.
  • Progress of the war, 211.
  • History of, 535.
  • Disasters in South, 241, 249.
  • False accounts of the war propagated in Europe, 207.
• Richmond, City of—Removal of government from Williamsburg to, 40.
• Riedesel, Gen. de—His imprisonment in Albemarle, 240.
• Russia—Relations between Russia, Austria and Turkey, 400.

• Science—Discoveries in, 364, 446, 516.
  • Scientific news of Europe, 364.
• Short, Mr.—Appointed Jefferson's private Secretary, 407, 411.
• Slavery—Effort to abolish arrested by royal veto, 3.
  • Views of different sections of U. S. on, 377.
• Slaves—Their first importation into Va., 38.
  • First law prohibiting their importation, 38.
  • Bill relative to, 48.
  • Prospective emancipation proposed, but defeated, 49.
  • King's veto to bill abolishing, 135.
• Steam—Its application to mills, 543.
  • To navigation, 543.

• Territory, North-Western—Right of Va. to controverted, 315.
• Timber—American ship timber, 488.
• Tobacco—Shipments of to England, 488.
  • Trade in with France, 343, 362, 515, 547, 561, 563, 577, 600.
• Treasury—State of our finances in Europe, 450.
• Troops—Virginia troops in Continental service, 235.
  • Continental troops, 235.
• Turkey—Relations between Turkey, Austria and Russia, 400.

• United States—Imperfections of Articles of Confederation, 78.
  • They require remodelling, 78.
  • Views of U. S. prevalent in Europe, 407, 413.
  • Account of public affairs in 1785, 423.
  • English calumnies against, 427.
  • Bad reputation of in Europe, 513.
  • Extravagance of people of, 550.
  • Summary of news from at different times, 349.
• Universities—Relative merits of Universities of Rome and Geneva, 466.

• Vergennes, Ct. de—Conference with, 576.
• Virginia—Abolition of entails, 37, 138.
  • Primogeniture, 39, 43, 138.
  • Church establishment, 38, 39, 174.
  • Revision of her code, 43, 45, 146.
  • History of by Girardin, 50.
  • The lawyers of Va., 217.
  • Right of Va. to Western territory controverted, 315.
  • Boundary between Va. and Pennsylvania, 399.
  • Her militia in Southern army, 266, 249, 250, 256, 285.
  • Her supplies for Southern army, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 256, 260, 262, 263, 273, 274, 285, 288, 302, 304.
  • Model of capitol of Va., 432, 434, 578.
  • Notes of Va., 6, 297, 340, 464, 528, 531, 536.
  • Supplies of arms from France, 570, 600.
  • Invasion of Va., 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271, 273, 274, 275, 278, 282, 284, 288, 290, 291, 304, 306.

• Washington, George—Expression of Mr. Jefferson's esteem for, 326.
  • Statue of by Houdon, 513, 533.
• Western Country—Division of into States, 587.
• William and Mary College—Character of, 48.
  • Change in its organization, 50.
• Williamsburg—Removal of government from to Richmond, 40.
• Wilson, Mr.—His views on Articles of Confederation, 35.
• Wythe, George—His character, 41.
  • His biography, 111.

• Yorktown, Battle of—Congratulations of Jefferson to Washington on that battle, 314.