24 Vives gives an example in Pandulphus (Dialogue IX.).
25 De Tradendis Disciplinis, book iii. chap. 3.
26 De Tradendis Disciplinis, book iii. chap. 3.
27 De Tradendis Disciplinis, book i. chap. 2.
28 Mémoire sur la vie et les écrits de J. L. Vives, p. 87.
29 Die lateinischen Schülergespräche der Humanisten, pp. 163–163.
30 Pasce animos nostros Christe caritate tua, qui benignitate tua alis vitas animantium: sancta sint, Domine, haec tua munera nobis sumentibus, ut tu, qui ea largiris, sanctus es. Amen.
31 In John Conybeare’s Collection of Proverbs (1580–1580) the following rendering is given: “One knave will kepe another companye, one pratteler wille with another, like will to like.” Letters and Exercises of John Conybeare, p. 42. London: Henry Frowde, 1905.
32 Audire male. To have an evil reputation. Lewis and Short aptly quote from Milton’s Areopagitica: “For which England hears ill abroad.”
33 On a tombstone. Dr. Bröring quotes from Guicciardini, Belgicae Descriptio, 1635, where an account is given of the tombstone to a daughter of the Countess Mathilde of Holland in a Cloister near the Hague.
34 Amphora is a measure for liquids. It was equal to six gallons seven pints. The congius, in the Tri-congius, was a measure of one-eighth of an amphora.
35 I.e. of the nature of bugs.
36 Decoxisse from decoquere—which means both to cook and to become bankrupt.
37 Dr. Bröring quotes from Erasmus’s Adages, Chil. I. Cent. viii. Prov. 86, to show that formerly men of obscure birth were termed terrae filii.
38 Capitulum lepidissimum—a term of endearment used by Terence.
39 Freigius notes that Jubellius Taurea was by far the strongest horse of the Campanians, whilst Claudius Asellus was a horseman of equally renowned horsemanship. The steed challenged the rider to a contest. See Livy, Bk. 3, Decad. 3.
40 Of the town of Tours, in France.
41 It is explained by Vives, as a note in the margin, that Curio is the priest of the parish, commonly called curate.
42 As Dr. Bröring remarks, “German” is used in the sense of “brethren.”
43 With dust in winter and mud in spring, you will reap great grain, Camillus. Macrobius, Satur. v. 20; cf. Vergil, Georgics, i. 101.
44 Happy is the man in his heart, and approaching to the happiness of the gods themselves, whom glory does not agitate, dazzling with its lying gloss, nor the evil allurements of haughty luxury, but who lets the days pass peacefully by and silently, and with the labour of the poor man wins the peace of the blameless life.
45 I.e., shop packing-paper.
46 But dispatch now, don’t put off to future hours. Who does not do a thing to-day may be less able to do it to-morrow.
47 Let words run, the hand is quicker than they; not as yet has the tongue done its work until the right hand has accomplished its task.
48 Is this always the order of the day, then? Here is full morning coming through the window-shutters, and making the narrow crevices look larger with the light; yet we go on snoring, enough to carry off the fumes of that unmanageable Falernian.—(Conington’s Translation.)
49 Arise, already the baker sells breakfast to boys. On every side, already, the birds announce the dawn by their chirping.
51 As did Columella, i.e., pruna cereola. Pliny calls them cerina.
52 Freigius’s note: Insularius is equivalent to French concierge.
53 Livy, book i.
54 Book v. cap. 4, de Cimone; Ovid, Fasti, book ii.
55 I.e., the beggar in the house of Ulysses at Ithaca. See Martial, 5, 41, 9.
56 Georgics, i. 392. The oil (of lamps is seen) to sparkle and crumbling fungus to form.
57 Sleep, the rest of things, sleep, most gracious of the gods, peace of the mind, whom anxiety shuns, thou who soothest the weary bodies from their hard duties and restorest them for their labour.
58 This is a mark of refinement and seemly in one who is cultured—not to be ignorant of the names of the utensils that are in daily use in the house.
59 Athen. 12. That he was the first to set the Romans the example of luxury in all things.
60 That Apicius exceeded all men in prodigality.
61 Cooking vessel with feet for coals.
62 I am not willing to be Caesar, to march through the Britons and to suffer Scythian frosts.
63 So says Aelius Spartianus in Life of Hadrian Florus as quoted by Freigius. See Crinitus, book 15, cap. 5.
64 How often the cook seeks pepper and wine for the breakfasts of the Fabii to smack of the simple beet.
65 And heavily used to hang on his arm a bowl with a worn-out handle.
66 Tell me why does the lettuce, which used to finish off the meals of our ancestors, now begin our meals?
67 When I, the Lucanian sausage, come, daughter of the swine of Picenum, then will the crown be given gladly to the snowy pottage.
68 As he passed by one day, Diogenes, who was washing vegetables, scoffed at him and said: “If you had learnt to live on these, you would not frequent the courts of kings;” and he said: “If you knew how to associate with your fellow men, you would not be washing vegetables.”
69 See Cicero, De Oratore, iii. (near the end); Quintilian, i. 10; Gellius, Noctes Atticae, i. 11.
70 Graculus is a jackdaw. Aesop has a story of the jackdaw with borrowed plumes. Juvenal iii. 78 refers to the Graeculus, the Roman attempting to play the Greek.
71 A red colouring matter.
72 On what has been set and is set before us, may Christ deign to give his blessing.
73 Even with three guests, each seems to me to have a different taste, each requiring quite different foods with his quite different palate. Horace, Epistles, ii. 2, 61, 62.
74 Georgics, i. 57.
75 We should give little to pleasure, as its due; but all the more to health. Cato, Disticha de Moribus, ii. 28.
76 See Varro, De re rustica, III. vi. 6.
77 We render thanks to Thee, Father, who has provided so many things for the enjoyment of men: Grant that, by Thy good-will, we may come to the feast of Thy Blessedness.
78 For getting well from the bite of dog at night, take from the dog’s hair your remedy.
79 Boys play, and play, also, youth and age. Play is the wit, seriousness, and wisdom of old age. Also human life, what is it but trifling and empty fable, when virtue is not its sole guiding principle?
80 Viz., The Antiochian; or, The Beard-hater.
81 I.e., the small town of the Parisians.
82 Vives uses the Roman formula for the passing of laws: “Velitis, Quirites, jubeatis.” The response of acceptance being: “Uti rogas.”
83 Dr. Bröring renders glabella, “the space between the eyebrows.” Glabellus is derived from glaber, the root of which is γλαφ—cf. scalpo, to hollow out—i.e., smooth, without hair (Lewis and Short).
84 See Valerius Maximus, book vi. chap. vi.
INDEX
[Large Roman numerals refer to the number of the Dialogue; small Roman numerals refer to the pages of the Introduction; Arabic numerals refer to the pages of the text.]
- A B C tablet, 18
- Academy, the, xxxix.
- Agonotheta, 106
- Alarum-clock, 116
- Anneus, a teacher, xliii., 204
- Apparel, court, 163
- Architriclinus (feast-master), 30
- Aristotle, 36, 47, 102, 147
- Ascham, Roger, xli.
-
Atlantides, 98
- Bacchus, 151, 156
- Baldus, 106
- Banquet, 126, 132
- “Baptising” wine, 139
- Bardus, 107
- Bartolus, 106
- Batalarii, 102, 103, 106
- Beer, 92, 141
- Beggar, 43
- Bird, the teacher, 89
- Birds, different kinds of, 144
- Blacksmith, 82
- Boatmen, the scum of the sea, 59
- Boccaccio, 96
- Bömer, Dr., xxii.
- Book-gluer, 114
- Books, 179
- Boorish youth, 52
- Boulogne, 56
- Bread, different kinds of, 134
- Breakfast, 8, 27
- Bruges, 33, 34
- Budaeus (William Budé), vii.
- Buffoons, 170
-
Busts of authors in library, 105
- Candles, 110
- Card-playing, XXI.
- Catharine of Aragon, xv., xvi., xxviii., 96
- Catholicon, The, 105
- Cato’s distichs quoted, 137
- Caryatides, 98
- Cervent, Clara, mother of Vives’ wife, xi.
- Chancellor, the, 167
- Characteristics of the Dialogues, xxxvii.
- Charts or maps, 186
- Cheese, 12, 145
-
Cherries, buying of, 17;
- cherry-stones as stakes, 23
- Child, and rattle, 53
- Chrysostom, homilies of, 151
- Chytropus, 120
- Cicero, 113;
- Circe, cup of, 170
- Clock, 81; mechanical, 82
- Clothes, 84 sqq.
-
Comb, 4;
- ivory, 85
- Constable, the, 165
- “Cooking” accounts, 50
- Cook-shop, 118
- Copies, writing, 74
- Copper-knobs on books, 113
- Counsellors of the king, 166
- Courtiers of the king, 167
- Cuckoo, the, 46
-
Cups, 31, 51, 128
- Dauphin, the, 165
- Dead men can speak, 178
- Deafness, 42
- de Croy, Cardinal, Vives’ pupil, xii.
- Dedication of Vives’ School Dialogues, xxi.
- Demosthenes, 113
- Dialectic, 102
- Dice-player, Curius the, 44
- Dignitaries of the court, 165
- Dilia, river, 83
- Dining-room, 96, 128
- Diogenes, 125, 136
- Discovery of the New World, 95
- Disease of thirst, 161
- Disputing, 20
- Dog, 7, 15, 41, 44
- Door-angels, 94
- Drama, and the Dialogues, xxxvii.
- Drawing lots, 189
- Dressing, 2 sqq.
- Drinking, 27, 28, 30, 45;
- Drivers, the scum of the earth, 59
-
Drunkenness, xlvi., XVIII.;
- effects of, 160
- Dullard, John, xi.
- Dürer, Albrecht, 210
-
Dury, John, and the Academy, xl.
- Earth, the, a fruitful mother, 53
- Eating, 27
-
Education, XXIV.;
- noble, 233
- Elegance of clothes as well as words, 47
- Elyot, Sir Thomas, xxxv., xli.
- Erasmus, vii., xi.
-
Exercitatio, the Latin title for the Dialogues, vii.
- Fish, different kinds of, 143
- “Flat” wine, 139
- Flea, 83, 115
-
Fleming, 33;
- without a knife, 33
- Florus quoted, 122
- Foods, 37, VII., 92, XV.
- Freigius, J. T., editor of Dialogues, xxxiv., li.
- Frenchmen, 104
- Friendships arranged for children by parents, 242
-
Fruits, 135. sqq.
- Games, xli.;
- Genders, number of, 35
- German, 120
- Geometry, 16
- Getting up, 1
- Godelina of Flanders, 96
- Goldfinch, 127
- Good, the real, 228 sqq.
- Governing, art of, 177
- Grace before meat, 33, 131;
- Grammar, 2, 35, 102
- Grammarians, asses, 119, 120
- Greek in the Dialogues, xxxv.
- Greetings, morning, 6
- Griselda, 96
-
Guest, school-boy, 32
- Helen, 97
- Holiday from school, 56
- Holocolax, 165
- Home and school life, xxiii.
- Homer, 97
- Horace quoted, 53, 135
- Horses, and their trappings, IX.
- Host, a kindly, 153
- Hour-bells, 40
- Hours of teaching, 103
-
House, the new, 93;
- keeper, 32
- Housteville, Aegidius de, xxxvi.
- Hugutio, 105
-
Hunter, Mannius the, 44
- Ink, 72
- Inscriptions in houses, 97
- Intemperance, 241
-
Isocrates quoted, 177
- Joannius, Honoratus, learned man of Valencia, 205
- Joviality, the gate of drunkenness, 161
-
Jugglers, 170
- Keeper of Archives, the, 167
-
King, the, 165;
- the palace of the, 163
-
Kitchen, the, XV., 31;
-
maid, 31
-
maid, 31
- Ladies’ quarters in the court, 169
- Lapinius, Euphrosynus, xxxvi.
- Latin speaking, xxx., 34
- Laws of play, xliii., 206-9
- Lebrija (or Nebrissensis), Antonio de, x., 65
- Lecture-room, 65
- Letter-carrier, 51, 70
- Letters, 18, 21
- Library, school, 105
- Licentiates, 103
- Lie-telling, 13
- Life, a journey, 179
- Literature out of the class-room, 188
- Litigants of the king’s court, 167
- Livy, lost decads, 211
- Logic, 2
- Louvain, inhabitants of (Lovanians), 47
- Lover, the, 48
- Lucretia, picture of, 95
- Ludus literarius, a playing with letters, the Latin for a school, 19
- Lunch, 27
- Lutetia (Paris), 199
- Lying, 241
-
Lyons, 116
- Magistrates, honour due to, 237
- Maid-servants, I., VI., VII., 52, 83
- Manners, at table, 37
- Maps, xlii.
- March, family name of Vives’ mother, vii.
- Market, the, at Valencia, 205
- Martial quoted, 45, 79, 81, 122, 123
- Master of the feast, the king’s, 168
- Master of the horse, 165
- Market, 36
- Meals, 24
- Meats, 137
- Mena, Juan de, quoted, xlv., 88
- Merchant, the, 49
- Miller, the, 134
- Milton, John, xxvii., xl.
- Mimus quoted, 156
- Modesty, real and fictitious, 227
-
Monastery, Carthusian, 87;
- Franciscan, 87
- Moor, a white, 23
- Morning best for learning, 92
- Mortar, 122
- Mosquito-net, 115
- Motta, Peter, xxxv., xxxvi.
- Mountebank, 3
- Mulcaster, Richard, xxiv., xli.
- Muses, number of the, 136
- Music of birds, 89
-
Mysteries, study of, by nobles, 222
- Names of Vives’ friends in the Dialogues, xxxiii.
- Napkin, 32, 130, 131
- Nature, in the Dialogues, xliv.
- Nazianzenus, 113
- Neapolitan horse, 176
- Nebrissensis, Antonius, see Lebrija
- Nightingale, the, 45, 88-9
- Night-studies, 110, 111, 112
- Noah, 157
-
Nobility, ignorance of writing, 67;
- contempt of knowledge, 69
- Nobles and education, XXIV.
-
Nut-shells, used by boys for ants’ houses, 22
- Obedience to the laws, 239
- Occupation of courtiers, 170
- Old men, 180, 228
- One-eyed carpenter, 52
-
Opinions of Vives held by Budé, Erasmus, xii.;
- and Sir Thomas More, xiii.
- Oppugnator, 107
- Orbilius, the schoolmaster, 91
-
Ovid quoted, 78, 116, 234
- Painting, XXIII.
- Palimpsist, 71
- Pantry, 36
- Paper, 73
- Papias, 105
-
Paris, 116;
- University of, 199
- Parts of the body, XXIII.
- Pastry-cook, 147
- Paul, the Apostle, 96
- Pauline precept, 141
- Persians, 136, 215
- Persius quoted, 80
- Pestle, 122
-
Philip, Prince, xxii., xxvii., xxviii., XX.;
- “the darling of Spain,” 176
- Philosophers, 46
- Physicians and wine, 140
- Pictures, 95
- Pietas literata, ideal of, xlviii.
- Piety, 145
-
Plato, 36, 105;
- authority of, 239
- Plautus quoted, 152, 207
- Play of being king, 175
- Playing with dog, 7
- Pliny, 20, 40, 46, 88, 149
- Points, 2, 23
- Polaemon, 232
- Popularity-hunting, 222
- Pottage, 142
- Prayer, 5;
- Preachers in churches, 225
- Precepts of education, l., XXV.
- Priests and literature, 173
- Principal (gymnasiarcha), 43
- Propugnator, 107
-
Pythagoras, 116
- Quills, 70;
-
Quintilian quoted, 65
- Reading, 18 sqq.
-
Recreation, grounds, 87;
- in bad weather, 185
- Reeds (pens), 70, 113
- Respect to the old, 237
- Reverence of priests, 237
- Rhetoric, 102
- River, 61, 183
- Rome, 118
- Rope-dancer (funambulus), 51
-
Rush-mats, 97
- Saviour, our, quoted, 141
- Scaevola, Mutius, 97
- Scaevolae, 217
- Scholarship ill-esteemed in Belgium, 154
-
School, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 19;
- Vives’ idea of the, xxxix.
- School-fees, 10
- Schoolmasters, 9, 15, 36, 122, 123, 136
- Scipio Africanus, 210
- Seal, of letters, 70
- Secretaries to nobles, 70
- Silence before elders and superiors, 238
- Siliceus, literary tutor of Prince Philip, 173
- Sister, Vives’, 201
- Sky, the open, 64
- Slavery of ignorance, 174
- Sluggishness, danger of, 184
- Socrates, 105
- Sophocles, 114
- Spaniards, 92, 104
- Spanish cap, 87
- Spanish inn, 126
- Spanish navigations, 95
- Spanish triumph (in cards), 189
- Spring, 88
- Stakes, 23, 191
- Statues in a house, 96 sqq.
- Statutes of schools enjoining Vives’ Dialogues, xxxiv.
- “Still” wine, 139
- Stories, nineteen, told by students, VIII.
- Stunica, educator of Prince Philip, 173
- Style of Dialogues, xxxvi.
- Styles (pens), 70
- Subject-matter and style of Dialogues, xxxii.
- Suits in cards, names of, 189
- Summer-house, 97
- Sun-dial, 82
-
Syracusans, 111
- Tapestry, 97
- Teacher, 54, 101;
- Teachers in Belgium, 154;
-
Tennis in France and Belgium, 202;
- in Valencia, 203
- “Thanks” to a host, 148-9
- Thrashing by teachers, 70
- Tongs, 119
- Trunk, story arising from the, 39
- Truth and flattery at court, 170-1
- Truth-speaking, 241
- Tumbler, the, 51
- Turkey-carpets, 130
- Twins, 43
-
Tyrones, 102
- Umpire, 25
- Urbanity, 233
-
Ushers’ conversation at school-meal, 35 sqq.
- Valdaura, Margaret, wife of Vives, xi., xxxiii.
- Valencia, city of, XXII.
- Valerius Maximus, 95
- Valla, Laurentius, xx., 47
- Vegetables, selling of, 15
- Vergil, 40, 54, 91, 112, 123, 136
- Vernacular, in education, xlvi.-xlviii.
- Vernacular literature before the Renascence, xviii.
- Verse-maker, Mannius the, 44
- Verse-making, 123
-
Vives, J. L., at school at Valencia, ix.;
- his schoolmasters, x.;
- one of the Renascence triumvirate, vii.;
- his parents, vii.-ix.;
- and scholasticism, ix.;
- at Paris, xi.;
- at Bruges, xi.;
- at Louvain, xi.;
- at Lyons, xi.;
- and Princess Mary, xiv.;
- life in London, xv.;
- his wife, Margaret Valdaura, xv.;
- and boys, xxxvii., l.;
- his De Tradendis Disciplinis, vii., x., xvi.;
- his De Institutione Feminae Christianae, viii., xiv.;
- commentary on St. Augustine’s Civitas Dei, xiii.;
- his Introductio ad Sapientiam, xv.;
- his De Officio Mariti, xvi.;
- his De Europae Dissidiis et Bello Turico, xvi.;
- his De Veritate Fidei Christianae, xvi.;
- his De Anima, xvi.
- Vives, J. L., references to himself in the Dialogues: a sufferer from gout, 34;
- Wainscoting, 97
- Wash-basins, 129
- Washing, 4, 86
- Watch (horologium viatorium), 40
- Water, 92, 141
- Water-drinking, xlv.
- Well, the Latin and the Greek at Louvain, 92
- Whist, French and Spanish, 189
- Wife of a drunkard, 151
- Winding-stairs, 96
- Window-panes, 96
- Windows, wooden and glass, 1
- Wine, 137
- Wine-cellar, 98
- Wine-drinking, xlv.
- Writing, X.;
-
Writing-tablet, 21
- Xenocrates, 232
-
Xenophon, 105, 113
- Zabatta, Angela, learned lady of Valencia, 201