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Tunneling: A Practical Treatise.

Chapter 261: Transcriber’s Notes
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About This Book

The treatise surveys the historical development and practical methods of tunnel construction, beginning with site selection and geological surveys and proceeding through alignment and cross-section layout, drilling, explosives, and excavating machinery. It compares approaches for hard rock and soft ground—heading, drift, bench, full-section, shield and pilot methods—details timbering, hauling and centering, and explains masonry and segmental linings. Subaqueous techniques such as compressed-air work, shields, cofferdams and caissons receive extended treatment, illustrated by representative projects. Chapters address ventilation, lighting, accident prevention and repair, relining timber tunnels, and considerations of cost and schedule, with numerous diagrams and case studies to clarify practice.


Transcriber’s Notes

Inconsistencies in spelling and hyphenation have been retained except as mentioned below; non-English words and phrases have not been corrected except as listed below. The (minor) differences between the Table of Contents and the chapter headings have not been rectified.

Where necessary to view all illustration details, illustrations are available in a larger form; hyperlinks are provided in the text (not available in all formats).

Page 36/132: Figs. 14 and 61 are identical.

Page 92/93, Sommeilier: possibly an error for Sommeiller.

Page 134, Soummelier: possibly an error for Sommeiller.

Page 174, Footnote 11: presumably Fig. 92, indicating the planes of the sections, is from the same publication.

Page 176, Austrian method: Dresden and Leipsic, and the Oberau Tunnel, are (and were in 1837) in Saxony, Germany (or Prussia).

Page 179, The short transverse beam c, Fig. 90: there is no short transverse beam visible in Fig. 90, nor is it clear which other figure might be intended; there is therefore no hyperlink to the illustration.

Page 279, Stirtling boiler: possibly an error for Stirling boiler.

Pages 337 and 342, Arlberg: possibly an error for Aarlberg.

Page 340, Wartha: possibly an error for Martha; Mertin: possibly an error for Merten.

Changes made

Footnotes, tables and illustrations have been moved out of text paragraphs; some table data have been re-arranged for better legibility. In some of the formulas brackets have been added for clarity.

Several obvious minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected silently.

Page 12, footnote 3: Chapter IX. changed to Chapter X.

Page 35: on page 155 changed to on page 135

Page 36: on page 34 changed to on page 35

Page 53: The lagging plank may be ... changed to The lagging planks may be ...

Page 113: (1) changed to (I) (2×)

Page 117: ... and it in this clearing ... changed to ... and it is in this clearing ...

Page 130: as indicated by Fig. 58 changed to as indicated by Fig. 61

Page 136: as indicated in the Fig. 63 changed to as indicated in the Fig. 65

Page 146: as shown by Fig. 63 changed to as shown by Fig. 69

Page 149: underpining changed to underpinning

Page 150: Since the roof arch rests for some time ... changed to Since the roof arch rests are for some time ...; as shown by Fig. 66 changed to as shown by Fig. 72

Page 172: illustrated in Fig. 12 changed to illustrated in Fig. 11

Page 175: page 127 changed to page 123

Page 179: as at b, Fig. 90 changed to as at b, Fig. 97

Page 204: The third type of section is shown by Fig. 116 changed to The third type of section is shown by Fig. 117

Page 218: Malinö changed to Malmö

Page 261: Fig. 118 shows the hydraulic jacks changed to Fig. 136 shows the hydraulic jacks

Page 282: shown by Fig. 119 changed to shown by Fig. 141

Page 297: towed down to the tunnel side changed to towed down to the tunnel site

Page 315: shown in Figs. 141 and 142 changed to shown in Figs. 159 and 160

Page 324: shown by Fig. 148 changed to shown by Fig. 166

Page 338: given on page 50 changed to given on page 55

Page 340: Scloss Matrei changed to Schloss Matrei

Page 341: Time. changed to Time.

Page 348, entry Ryder: page number 296 added; Sounstein changed to Sonnstein (2×).