The author traces how medieval writers transformed Virgil into a figure of popular legend, surveying Latin and vernacular texts that borrow, rework, and romanticize ancient models. He distinguishes stages in vernacular poetry—from national epic survivals to compositions shaped by cross-cultural religious and monastic influences—and shows how monasteries mediated transmission and Latinization. The study analyzes the medieval taste for allegory, the privileging of fantasy and marvels, and the habitual retelling of ancient narratives in contemporary forms, arguing that such processes produced fixed types and ideals rather than faithful historical reconstructions.