GLOSSARY
| Abortive | That which is brought forth prematurely; coming to naught before it is completed. |
| Achene | A small hard, dry, 1-celled, 1-seeded fruit which does not open by valves. |
| Acrid | Sharp or biting to the taste. |
| Acuminate | Decidedly tapering at the end. |
| Acute | Tapering at the end. |
| Aesthetic | Pertaining to the beautiful. |
| Alternate | Not opposite to each other, but scattered singly along the axis. |
| Ament | A peculiar, scaly, unisexual spike. |
| Anther | The enlarged terminal part of a stamen which bears the pollen. |
| Apex | The tip or end of a bud or leaf, i. e., the part opposite the base. |
| Apical | Pertaining to the tip, end, or apex. |
| Appressed | Lying tight or close against. |
| Arborescent | Tree-like in appearance, size and growth. |
| Aromatic | Fragrant; with a pleasing odor. |
| Astringent | Contracting; drawing together; binding. |
| Awl-Shaped | Tapering from the base to a slender or rigid point. |
| Axil | The upper angle formed by a leaf or branch with the stem. |
| Axillary | Situate in an axil. |
| Axis | The central line of an organ; a stem. |
| Basal | Pertaining to or situated at base. |
| Berry | A fruit which is fleshy or pulpy throughout. |
| Bloom | A powdery or somewhat waxy substance easily rubbed off. |
| Bract | A modified leaf subtending a flower or belonging to an inflorescence. |
| Calyx | The outer portion of a flower, usually green in color. |
| Cambium | A thin-walled formative tissue between the bark and wood. |
| Capsule | A dry fruit composed of more than one carpel and splitting open at maturity. |
| Catkin | An ament or spike of unisexual flowers. |
| Ciliate | Fringed with hairs on the margin. |
| Complete | Said of flowers when all parts are present. |
| Compound | Composed of two or more similar parts united in a whole. |
| Compressed | Flattened, especially laterally. |
| Conical | Cone-shaped. |
| Conifers | A group of trees which usually produce their fruit in the form of a cone. |
| Coniferous | Cone-bearing. |
| Contorted | Twisted together or back upon itself. |
| Cordate | Heart-shaped. |
| Corolla | The inner portion of perianth, composed of petals. The bright colored part of most flowers. |
| Corymb | A flat-topped or convex flower cluster, blooming first at the edges. |
| Corrugated | Shaped into grooves, folds, or wrinkles. |
| Crenate | Having rounded teeth. |
| Crown | The upper mass of branches, also known as head. |
| Cyme | A flower cluster blooming from apex or middle first, usually somewhat flat. |
| Cymose | In a cyme; cyme-like. |
| Deciduous | Falling off, usually at the close of the season. |
| Decurrent | Extending down the stem below the insertion. |
| Defoliation | Removal of foliage. |
| Dehiscent | Splitting open. |
| Deltoid | Delta-like, triangular. |
| Dentate | Toothed, usually with the teeth directed outward. |
| Depressed | Flattened from above. |
| Digitately-compound | With the members arising at the same point at the end or top of the support. |
| Dioecious | Unisexual, with the two kinds of flowers on different plants. |
| Disseminated | Scattered; thrown broadcast. |
| Divergent | Pointing away; extending out. Said of buds which point away from the twigs. |
| Downy | Covered with fine hairs. |
| Drupaceous | Resembling or constructed like a drupe. |
| Drupe | A fleshy fruit with a pit or stone. |
| Elongated | Long drawn out. |
| Emarginate | Having a shallow notch at the apex. |
| Entire | Margin smooth, not cut or roughened. |
| Epidermis | The outer layer or covering of plants. |
| Exotic | Of foreign origin. |
| Exudation | Oozing out of sap, resin, or milk. |
| Falcate | Scythe-shaped. |
| Fascicle | A cluster, usually dense. |
| Fetid | Ill-smelling. |
| Fibrous | Consisting of fibers; woven in texture. |
| Filament | The stalk bearing the anther. |
| Fissures | Grooves, furrows, or channels as in the bark. |
| Flora | The complete system of plants found in a given area. |
| Fluted | Grooved, corrugated, channeled. |
| Follicles | A dry fruit of one carpel, splitting on one side only. |
| Forestry | The rational treatment of woodlands for their products. |
| Fruit | The seed-bearing product of a plant of whatever form. |
| Fungus | A plant devoid of green color such as mushrooms and rots. |
| Genus | A group of related species, as the pines or the oaks. |
| Glabrous | Smooth, without hairs. |
| Glandular | Bearing glands, or gland-like. |
| Glaucous | Covered with a bluish or whitish waxy coating; a bloom. |
| Globose | Ball-like, or nearly so. |
| Globular | Ball-like. |
| Habitat | The home of a plant. |
| Head | A dense cluster of sessile flowers or the crown of a tree. |
| Heartwood | The dead, central, usually highly colored portion of the trunk. |
| Herbaceous | Herb-like, soft. |
| Imbricated | Overlapping like the slate on a roof. |
| Impressed | Hollowed or furrowed as if by pressure. |
| Incomplete | Said of flowers in which one of the outer parts is wanting. |
| Indigenous | Applied to plants that are native to a certain locality. |
| Inflorescence | The flowering part of a plant, and especially its arrangement. |
| Intolerant | Not shade enduring. Requiring sunlight. |
| Involucre | A circle of bracts surrounding a flower or cluster of flowers. |
| Irregular | Said of flowers showing inequality in the size, form, or union of similar parts. |
| Keeled | With a central ridge, like the keel of a boat. |
| Lanceolate | Shaped like a lance; several times longer than wide. |
| Lateral | Situated on the side, as the buds along the side of the twig. |
| Leaflet | One of the small blades or divisions of a compound leaf. |
| Lenticel | A corky growth on young or sometimes older bark which admits air to the interior of the twig or branch. |
| Linear | Line-like, long and narrow, with parallel edges. |
| Lobed | Said of leaves that have the margins more or less cut or divided. |
| Midrib | The central or main rib or vein of a leaf. |
| Monoecious | Bearing stamens and pistils in separate flowers on the same plant. |
| Mucronate | Tipped with a short, sharp point. |
| Naval Stores | Refers to tar, turpentine, resin, etc. |
| Nerve | One of the lines or veins running through a leaf. |
| Node | A place on a twig where one or more leaves originate. |
| Nut | A dry, 1-seeded, indehiscent fruit with a hard covering. |
| Nutlet | A small nut. |
| Ob- | A prefix meaning inverted or reversed. |
| Oblique | Slanting, uneven. |
| Oblong | About twice as long as wide, the sides nearly parallel. |
| Obovate | Reversed egg shaped. |
| Obtuse | Blunt. |
| Odd-pinnate | With an odd or unpaired leaflet at the tip of the compound leaf. |
| Opposite | Said of leaves and buds directly across from each other. |
| Orbicular | Circular. |
| Ovary | The part of the pistil producing the seed. |
| Ovate | Egg-shaped in outline. |
| Ovoid | Egg-shaped or nearly so. |
| Palmate | Hand-shaped; radiately divided. |
| Panicle | A compound flower cluster, the lower branches of which are longest and bloom first. |
| Parasite | Growing upon and obtaining its nourishment from some other plant. |
| Pedicel | The stalk of a single flower. |
| Peduncle | The stalk of a flower cluster or of a solitary flower. |
| Pendulous | Hanging. |
| Perennial | Lasting for more than one year. |
| Perfect | A flower with both stamens and pistils. |
| Persistent | Remaining after blooming, fruiting, or maturing. |
| Petal | The part of a corolla, usually colored. |
| Petiole | The stalk of a leaf. |
| Pinna | A division, part, or leaflet of a pinnate leaf. |
| Pinnate | With leaflets on both sides of a stalk. |
| Pistil | The central part of the flower containing the prospective seed. |
| Pistillate | Bearing pistils but no stamens. |
| Pith | The soft, central part of a twig. |
| Pod | Any dry and dehiscent fruit. |
| Pollen | The dust-like substance found in the anthers of a flower. |
| Polygamous | With both perfect and imperfect, staminate or pistillate, flowers. |
| Pome | A fleshy fruit with a core, such as the apple. |
| Prickle | A sharp-pointed, needle-like outgrowth. |
| Psuedo- | A prefix meaning false, not true. |
| Pubescent | Hairy. |
| Pungent | Ending in a sharp point; acrid. |
| Pyramidal | Shaped like a pyramid with the broadest part near the base. |
| Raceme | A simple inflorescence of flowers borne on pedicels of equal length and arranged on a common, elongated axis. |
| Reflexed | Abruptly turned backward or downward. |
| Regular | Said of flowers which are uniform in shape or structure. |
| Rugose | Wrinkled. |
| Saccharine | Pertaining to or having the qualities of sugar. |
| Samara | An indehiscent winged fruit. |
| Sapwood | The recently formed, usually light wood, lying outside of the heartwood. |
| Scales | The small, modified leaves which protect the growing-point
of a bud or the part of a cone which bears the seeds. The small flakes into which the outer bark of a tree divides. |
| Scurfy | Covered with small bran-like scales. |
| Sepal | One of the parts of the calyx. |
| Serrate | Having sharp teeth pointing forward. |
| Sessile | Seated; without a stalk. |
| Sheath | A tubular envelope or covering. |
| Shrub | A low woody growth which usually branches near the base. |
| Silky | Covered with soft, straight, fine hairs. |
| Simple | Consisting of one part, not compound. |
| Sinuate | Having a strongly wavy margin. |
| Sinus | The cleft or opening between two lobes. |
| Species | A group of like individuals as Red Oak, White Oak, etc. |
| Spike | An elongated axis bearing sessile flowers. |
| Spine | A sharp woody outgrowth. |
| Stamen | The part of a flower which bears the pollen. |
| Staminate | Said of flowers which bear only stamens. Sometimes spoken of as male. |
| Sterile | Barren; unproductive. |
| Stigma | The end of a pistil through which pollination takes place. |
| Stipule | A leaf appendage at the base of the leaf-stalk. |
| Striate | Marked with fine elongated ridges or lines. |
| Strobile | A fruit marked by overlapping scales as in the Pine, Birches, etc. |
| Style | The pin-like portion of a pistil bearing the stigma. |
| Sub- | A prefix meaning under or nearly. |
| Sucker | A shoot arising from an underground bud. |
| Suture | A line of dehiscence. |
| Symmetrical | Regular as to the number of parts. Having the same number of parts in each circle. |
| Terete | Having a circular transverse section. |
| Terminal | Pertaining to buds located at the end of twigs. |
| Thorn | A stiff, woody, sharp-pointed projection. |
| Tolerant | Applied to trees which endure certain factors, particularly shade. |
| Tomentum | A dense layer of hairs. |
| Tomentose | Densely pubescent; hairy. |
| Truncate | Ending abruptly as if cut off at the end. |
| Tubercle | A small tuber or tuber-like body. |
| Tufted | Growing in clusters. |
| Umbel | A flower-cluster with all the pedicels arising from the same point. |
| Valvate | Said of buds in which the scales merely meet without overlapping. |
| Vegetative | Said of buds which do not contain reproductive organs. |
| Veins | Threads of fibro-vascular tissue in leaves or other organs. |
| Viscid | Glutinous; sticky. |
| Whorl | A group of three or more similar organs, as leaves or buds, arranged about the same place of attachment. |
| Whorled | Borne in a whorl. |
Transcriber’s Notes
Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. All other variations in hyphenation spelling and punctuation remain unchanged.