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William the Conqueror and the Rule of the Normans

Chapter 27: Transcriber’s Note
By F. M. Stenton
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A scholarly biography traces the ducal upbringing and early vulnerabilities that shaped his strategy, the internal rebellions and continental campaigns that consolidated Norman authority, and the careful preparations and decisive battle that enabled the forcible takeover of England. It follows the immediate military and political aftermath in the north and the management of Scandinavian threats, then examines the monarch’s centralizing policies during the mature reign. The study analyzes relations with the church, the use of castles and earldoms to secure control, administrative practices reflected in charters and writs, and the compilation of the great land survey. Detailed notes and genealogical tables address documentary difficulties and family connections.

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Transcriptions of Genealogy Tables

THE DUCAL HOUSE OF NORMANDY
TABLE A
  • 1‘Rollo’
    • 11William I.
      • 111Richard I.
        • 1111Richard II. m. Judith of Brittany
          • 11111Richard III.
            • 111111Nicholas, abbot of St Ouen
          • 11112Robert I.
            • 111121William II.
              • 1111211Robert II.
            • 111122Adeliz→(Table C)
          • 11113Adeliz m. Reginal, count of Burgundian Palatinate
            • 111131Guy of Brionne
          • 11114Malger, archbishop of Rouen
          • 11115William, count of Arques
        • 1112Robert, archbishop of Rouen
          • 11121Ralf de Wacy
        • 1113Malger count of Mortain
          • 11131 William ‘the Warling’
        • 1114William, count of Eu
          • 11141Robert, count of Eu
          • 11142William, ‘Busac’
          • 11143Hugh, bishop of Lisieux
        • 1115Mahaut = Odo II of Blois
        • 1116Emma = Ethelred II.
          • 11161Alfred the Etheling
          • 11162Edward the Confessor
        • 1117Hawise = Geoffrey I. of Brittany →(Table B)
The Counts of Brittany
TABLE B
  • 1Geoffrey I. †1008 = Hawise of Normandy
    • 11Alan III. †1040
      • 111Conan II. o. s. p. 1066
      • 112Geoffrey ‘Grenonat’ (claimant 1075)
      • 113Hawise = Hoel, count of Cornouaille †1084
        • 1131Alan Fergent = Constance of Normandy †1119
    • 12Éon, count of Penthièvre. †1079
      • 121Brian, earl of Richmond
      • 122Alan, earl of Richmond
The Descendents of Arlette
TABLE C
  • 1Arlette
    • m. Robert of Normandy
      • 11William
      • 12Adeliz m. Enguerrand, count of Ponthieu
        • 121Adeliz m. Eudes, count of Champagne
          • 1211Stephen, count of Aumâl (claimant for England, 1095)
        • 122Judith m. Waltheof, earl of Northampton
          • 1221Maud m David I. king of Scots
    • m. Herlwin de Conteville
      • 13Odo, bishop of Bayeux
      • 14Robert, count of Mortain
      • 15Muriel
The Counts of Maine
TABLE D
  • 1Hugh II.
    • 11Hugh III.
      • 111Herbert I. ‘Eveille-chien’ †1035
        • 1111Hugh IV. †1051
          • 11111Herbert II. †1063
          • 11112Gersendis m. Azo, marquis of Liguria
            • 111121Hugh (claimant in 1073)
          • 11113Margaret (betrothed to Robert of Normandy)
          • 11114Paula m. John de la Flèche
        • 1112Biota = Walter of Mantes count of the Vexin Français
    • 12'Herbert ‘Baccon’ (regent of Maine, 1036–1040)
The Counts of Vexin
TABLE E
  • 1Walter II.
    • 11Drogo m. Goda, d. of Ethelred II.
      • 111Walter III. o.s.p. 1063 m. Biota of Maine
      • 112Ralf, earl of Hereford
    • 12Ralf II., count of Valois
      • 121Ralf III., count of Valois and the Vexin
        • 1211Simon de Crepy o.s.p.
The Succession in 1066
TABLE F
  • 1Richard I. of Normandy
    • 11Richard II.
    • 12Emma
      • m. Cnut 31
  • 2Ethelred II.
    • m. (1) Ælfgifu
      • 21Edmund Ironside
        • 211Edward the Etheling
          • 2111Edgar the Etheling
    • m. (2) Emma (12)
      • 22Edward the Confessor
  • 3Swegn Forkbeard
    • 31Cnut m. Emma {12}
    • 32Estrith m. Ulf, viceroy of Norway (41)
      • 321Swegn Estrithson
  • 4Thorgils Sprakalegg
    • 41Ulf, viceroy of Norway m. Estrith(32)
    • 42Gytha m. Godwin
      • 421Harold II.
The Counts of Flanders
TABLE G
  • 1Baldwin IV. †1036
    • 11Baldwin V. †1067 m. Adela of France
      • 111Baldwin VI. m. Richildis, heiress of Hainault
        • 1111Arnulf (inherited Flanders)
        • 1112Baldwin (inherited Hainault)
      • 112Robert ‘le Frison’ †1093 m. Gertrude, widow of Florence I. count of Holland
        • 1121Robert II. †1111
          • 11211Baldwin VII. †1119
        • 1122Adela m. Cnut, king of Denmark
          • 11221Charles ‘le Bon’ †1127
      • 113Matilde = William duke of Normandy
        • 1131Robert duke of Normandy
          • 11311William (claimant in 1127)
    • 12Judith m. Tostig earl of Northumbria
The Earls of Northumbria
TABLE H
  • 1Uhtred, earl of Northumbria †1016
    • m. (1) Ecgfryth
      • 11Ealdred, earl of Bernicia, †circ. 1038
        • 111Ealdred, earl of Bernicia †circ. 1038
          • 1111Ealdgyth m. Ligulf, (favourite of Bishop Walcher) †1080 →
          • 1112Ælflœd m. Siward, earl of Northumbria †1055
            • 11121Waltheof, earl of Bernicia Huntingdon →
      • 12Eadwulf, earl of Bernicia †1041
        • 121Oswulf, earl of Bernicia †1067
      • 13Gospatric †1064
    • m. Ælfgifu, daughter of Ethelred II.
      • 14Ealdgyth
        • m. (1) Duncan (22)
          • 141Malcolm III. king of Scots 1057–1093 →
        • m. (2) Maldred (21)
          • 141Gospatric, earl of Bernicia 1067–1068 1069–1072 →
  • 2Crinan, lay abbot of Dunkeld
    • 21Maldred
    • 22Duncan, king of Scots †1040

Transcriber’s Note

The original cover has been enhanced to include the title, author, and date of publication, and is, so altered, placed in the public domain.

There are a number of editorial oversights wherein external and internal page references are left blank. Where the references could be found, they have been supplied.

87.27 on Waltheof’s case below, page [338.] Supplied.
116.31 See note, page [112] above. Supplied.
136.31 See the table on page [506] Supplied.

The missing page references to De la Borderie’s Histoire de Bretagne on pp. 138 (footnote 89), and 139 (footnote 90) could not be resolved. Nor could the reference to a prior quotation of William of Malmesbury be definitely made (p. 414). These are noted in this text as [missing].

The list of illusatrations includes a reference at p. x.13 to the image of a coin on p. 406, but no image was included in the text.

Footnote 260, on p. 339, had no reference in the text. One has been added at the most likely point in the narrative, given the context.

Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected, and are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the original.

24.14 the orig[i]nal settlers of Normandy Inserted.
26.26 the [enemity] of all his fellow-nobles Obsolete.
40.15 the influence of the g[r]eat Cluniac movement Inserted.
72.20 the s[ei/ie]ge of Montgomery Castle Transposed.
76.13 to see two of Wil[l]iam’s unlucky guardians Inserted.
79.17 inflict gratuit[i]ous injury Removed.
81.30 The B[a/e]ssin and Cotentin Replaced.
129.30 which was de[s]cribed in the last chapter Inserted.
267.16 appointing a No[r]man baron Inserted.
327.18 in peaceable posses[s]ion Inserted.
338.1 the mo[ton/not] of his imprisonment Transposed.
339.7 based his accou[n]t Inserted.
424.21 upon his ag[g]ressive course as sheriff Inserted.
441.4 [“]infangenethef” is the right of trying Inserted.
441.36 a great baron cert[ia/ai]nly Transposed.
455.1 on a level w[i]th the Norman Inserted.
458.6 for the details of government[.] Added.
505.34 Clun[i/y], abbey of, 379 Replaced.