Renewing the Offering on the Spirit Shield.
Renewing the Offering on the Spirit Shield.
Singeing a Pig at a Ceremony.
Singeing a Pig at a Ceremony.
Offering of the Pigs to the Spirits.
Offering of the Pigs to the Spirits.
The Sayang Ceremony.
The Sayang Ceremony.
Potters at Work.
Potters at Work.
A Family of Laba-an.
A Family of Laba-an.
The Village of Sallapadin.
The Village of Sallapadin.
Typical Houses.
Typical Houses.
House Building.
House Building.
Roofing a House.
Roofing a House.
Water Carriers.
Water Carriers.
(Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science).
A Tinguian Housewife.
A Tinguian Housewife.
(Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science).
A Warrior.
A Warrior.
Hunter Fitted for the Trail.
Hunter Fitted for the Trail.
Hunting Party on Mt. Posoey.
Hunting Party on Mt. Posoey.
Shooting the Blowgun.
Shooting the Blowgun.
Highland Field and Terraces at Patok.
Highland Field and Terraces at Patok.
The Rice Terraces near Likuan.
The Rice Terraces near Likuan.
Plowing in the Lower Terraces.
Plowing in the Lower Terraces.
Taking Rice Sprouts from the Seed Beds.
Taking Rice Sprouts from the Seed Beds.
Transplanting the Rice.
Transplanting the Rice.
Bird Scarers in the Fields.
Bird Scarers in the Fields.
Harvesting the Rice.
Harvesting the Rice.
The Rice Granary.
The Rice Granary.
Pounding Rice.
Pounding Rice.
(Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science).
Winnowing and Sifting.
Winnowing and Sifting.
(Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science).
Drying Corn.
Drying Corn.
Breaking the Corn between Two Stones.
Breaking the Corn between Two Stones.
Preparing Tobacco.
Preparing Tobacco.
Feeding the Pigs.
Feeding the Pigs.
A Typical Forge of the Iron Workers.
A Typical Forge of the Iron Workers.
Ginning Cotton and Sizing the Thread.
Ginning Cotton and Sizing the Thread.
Beating Cotton on a Carabao Hide.
Beating Cotton on a Carabao Hide.
Spinning.
Spinning.
(Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science).
Weaving a Blanket.
Weaving a Blanket.
Basket Making.
Basket Making.
Basket Types.
Basket Types.
Basket Types.
Basket Types.
The Net Maker.
The Net Maker.
Ceremonial Blanket.
Ceremonial Blanket.
Blankets Showing Designs.
Blankets Showing Designs.
Blankets Showing Designs.
Blankets Showing Designs.
Woven Belts and Clouts.
Woven Belts and Clouts.
Men of Sallapadin.
Men of Sallapadin.
Typical Dress of the Man.
Typical Dress of the Man.
Women in Full Dress.
Women in Full Dress.
Customary Dress of the Woman.
Customary Dress of the Woman.
Women's Arm Beads.
Women's Arm Beads.
Woman Wearing Girdle and Clout.
Woman Wearing Girdle and Clout.
(Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science).
Dancing Tadek at a Ceremony.
Dancing Tadek at a Ceremony.
Beating the Copper Gongs.
Beating the Copper Gongs.
The Nose Flute.
The Nose Flute.
Playing on Bamboo Guitars.
Playing on Bamboo Guitars.
Abang, village with defensive wall, 20.
Abra, American rule in, 246; description of, 239.
Abstracts, of tales, 202.
Aeta, see Negrito.
Afterbirth, child, Sayen, 28; disposal of, 264.
Agᴇmᴇm, powerful female spirit, 297.
Akop, an evil spirit without body, 300.
Alan, deformed spirits, 14.
Alangtin, charm against spirits of the dead, 181.
Alawig, dance held during Sayang ceremony, 14.
Alzado, name applied to wild head-hunting group, 10 note 1.
Anito, general term for spirits, 301.
Apayao, measurements of, 254; relationship to Tinguian, 236.
Apdel, spirit resident in the guardian stones, 298.
Augustinian Friars, work of, among Tinguian, 243.
Bakid, ceremony for a new house, 322.
Balau, great bird, 92.
Balaua, greatest of spirit houses, 9, 308.
Banal, a vine, used as charm against spirits of the dead, 182.
Banana, 406.
Bangued, capital of Abra, 243.
Banog, great bird, carrying man away, 183.
Bark Cloth, 422.
Basket-making, 423.
Baskets, types of, 425.
Bawī, origin of, 178; small spirit house, 309.
Baygan (Vigan), capital of Ilocos Sur, 20.
Beads, how acquired, 191; mentioned in tales, 31; ornaments, 21.
Beauty, illuminating power of, 35.
Betel-nuts, description of, 407; important in ceremonies, 24, 31; magic properties of, 19; use of, 410; used in summoning
of guests, 13.
Binikwau, a special ceremony, 358.
Birth, magic in, 38; observances at, 261.
Blow-guns, 381.
Boat Burial, 24 note 1.
Bruhl-Lévy, theory of, discussed, 292.
Camote, sweet potato, 404.
Carabao, described, 412; mentioned in tales, 51.
Cave, home of spirit, 191.
Celestial Beings, 15, 25.
Celestial Bodies, importance of, in myths, 15.
Ceremonies, general discussion of, 315; great ceremonies, 327.
Ceremonial Paraphernalia, 311.
Ceremonial Structures, 308.
Characters, in myths, 6.
Chickens, 412.
Childhood, 272.
Chinese, ancestry of Tinguian, disputed, 247; trade with, 241.
Climate, 240.
Clothing, 9, 437.
Coconut, 406.
Comparison, of life represented in tales with present conditions, 20.
Conclusions, to tales, 30; to whole study, 486.
Corn, 404.
Crocodiles, guard girls, 87; guard village, 93; people ride on, 84.
Cultivated Plants and Trees, 403.
Customs, described in myths, 13; power of, 26, 31.
Cycle of Life, 261.
Da-eng, described, 439; music of, 445, 451; sacred dance, 13; words of song, 456.
Dagopan (Dagupan), town in Pangasinan, 8.
Daily Life, in tales, 9.
Dances, 439.
Dawak, a ceremony, 13, 315.
Dayapan, important woman, 177.
Dead, restored to life, 90.
Death, cause of, 177; customs connected with, 14; disposal of corpse, 23–24; temporary state, 19.
Death and Burial, 283.
Decorative Art, 431.
Defensive Walls, around villages, 20.
Diam, description of, 5; part of ceremony, 27; semi-magical formula, 296.
Discrepancies, between life in tales and of to-day, 32.
Divorce, 283; in tales, 12.
Dogs, 411. Page 489
Domestic Animals, 411.
Dumagat, assistant of writer, 3.
Dyes, 426.
Earth, ideas concerning, 189.
Economic Life, 387.
Engagement, 278.
Etiquette, 14, 363.
Fables, 195; parallels of, with other regions, 28.
Family, 366; rules governing, 361.
Fire, beside new-born child, 265.
Firefly, in myths, 18 note 3, 85.
Fishing, 383.
Fish-stick, magic of, 33.
Flood, 189.
Funeral, 284.
Gale, Albert, chapter on music, 443.
Galong-galong, baby jumper, 110.
Games, 276.
Gansa, copper gong, 440.
Geographical Relations and History, 238.
Gipas, ceremony before birth, 263.
Gironière, Paul de, his account of Tinguian burial discussed, 287.
Gold, importance of, in tales, 15, 21.
Granaries, for rice, 394.
Graves, types of, 287.
Harrow, 390.
Head-axe, 375.
Head-hunting, celebration following, 22; following death, 286; in tales, 10, 21; see also warfare.
Hermaphrodites, 361.
Hides, preparation of, 429.
Hoe Culture, 20.
Horses, how acquired, 189.
House Furnishings, 365.
Hunting, 378.
Ibal, ceremony for sick child, 268.
Ibwa, an evil spirit, 299.
Idadaya, spirit of the East, 298.
Igorot, institutions of, 236, 247; measurements of, 255.
Ilocano, identical with Tinguian, 236; measurements of, 250; receive help from Tinguian, 244.
Inanimate Objects, appear alive, 16.
India, influence of, on Tinguian culture, 236.
Inheritance, 362.
Ipogau, spirit name for Tinguian, 8, 171.
Iron-working, 413.
Itneg, local name for Tinguian, 182 note 2, 243.
Jars, appear as animals, 51; Chinese, 21, 31; talking, 16, 31; wealth reckoned in, 21.
Kabonīyan, a powerful spirit, 298.
Kadaklan, greatest of the spirits, 297.
Kadalayapan, important town of mythical period, 7, 20.
Kakok, a bird, origin of, 191.
Kalangan, important spirit structure, 310; the ceremony, 344.
Kalau, origin of bird, 190.
Kalinga, relationship to Tinguian, 236.
Kambaya, striped blanket, 183.
Kaodanan, important town in the myths, 7, 20.
Komau; giant spirit, 186.
Lakay, headman, 359.
Lawed, chewed with betel-nut, 406, 410; omen vine, 96.
Laws, 361.
Layog, ceremony held one year after a death, 290.
Langpadan, mountain rice, 20, 138, 387 note.
Life and Death; beliefs concerning, 292.
Limahon, claims of descent from, refuted, 259.
Love Charm, 77 note 2.
Magic, 14, 17, 24, 304.
Magic Flight, 17 note 1.
Magic Pool, restores dead to life, 19.
Magsawī, talking jar, 192.
Malay, movement into Luzon, 235.
Marriage, in mythical period, 11, 12; of relatives, 12, 23; price, 11; prohibitions, 361.
Medicines, 409.
Mediums, 6 note 1, 301.
Migrations, into Abra, 32; into mountains, 241.
Monkey, origin of, 189–190.
Moon, spots on, 192.
Mountain Tinguian, measurements of, 253.
Murder, punishment of, 362.
Music, 443.
Musical Instruments, 440.
Mythical Period, tales of, 6.
Naming, 266.
Negrito, aborigines of Luzon, 235; appear in tales, 147.
Net-making, 427.
Ngorongor, a minor ceremony, 326.
Olog, ceremony to promote growth of child, 276. Page 490
Omens, 19 note 1, 306.
Pakálon, 11.
Pala-an, ceremony, 328; spirit structure, 310.
Pan-pipe, 57, 441.
Penñarubia, governor of Abra, 245.
Perak Malay, measurements of, 258.
Personal Adornment, 437.
Physical Type, 247.
Pigs, 412, become boys, 116.
Pinaing, guardian stones, 178, 319.
Pinasal, a ceremony, 355.
Pipes, manufacture of, 428.
Plow, 390. Poison, 148.
Polynesians, relationship of, to primitive Malay, 235.
Pota, concubine, 283, 360.
Pregnancy, 262.
Principal Characters, in tales, 6–7.
Property, transfer of, 362.
Raft, ceremonial, 24 note 1, p. 130.
Rainfall, 240.
Reconstruction, of culture represented in tales, 6.
Religion and Magic, 295.
Rice Culture, compared with Igorot, 394; compared with Sumatra, 394; described, 387.
Rice Cutters, 393.
Rice Harvest, 402.
Rice Mortar, 394.
Ritualistic Myths, 26, 171.
Rooster's Eggs, 34.
Rope, manufacture of, 420.
Sagang, head pole, 10, 310.
Sagobay, a ceremony, 324.
Salaksak, the kingfisher, an omen bird, 307.
Salcedo, subdues Ilocos provinces, 241.
Saloko, ceremonial pole, 310; the ceremony, 319.
San Fernando, town in Pangasinan, 8.
Sangásang, a ceremony, 323.
Sapata, the oath, 326.
Sayang, greatest of the ceremonies, 345; relationship to warfare, 13.
Sayen, afterbirth child, 28, 185.
Shields, 378.
Sleds, 390.
Snakes, form defensive walls, 46, 93; Kanag becoming a snake, 135.
Songs, of children, 275.
Southern Chinese, measurements of, 257.
Spears, 377.
Spinning and Weaving, 416.
Spirits, 297; of the dead, 291.
Spirit Town, 184.
Still-born Child, 264.
Sudipan, spirit name for earth, 8.
Sugar-cane, 405; in tales, 107.
Sun, in myths, 15, 33, 37.
Taboos, following death, 290.
Tadek, a dance, 11 note 3, 440.
Tales, of mythical period, 33; reconstructed culture of, 6.
Taltalabong, 311.
Tangpap, a spirit structure, 311; the ceremony, 331.
Terraced Fields, 389.
Theft, 362.
Tinguian, not an Igorot sub-group, 20; physical type, 260; valley, measurements of, 251.
Tobacco, 405, 410.
Tops, mentioned in tales, 93, 274.
Totems, none found, 360.
Toys, 274.
Transformation, into animals, 18.
Village, description of, 363.
Warfare, 10, 371; see head-hunting.
Watch Houses, in fields, 154.
Weapons, 375.
Wedding Ceremony, 280.
Wild Plants and Trees, 408.
Page 491
Publications
Of
Field Museum of Natural History
Anthropological Series
Volume XIV