1. What is Spelling?
A distinct expression of the letters or sounds of a word in their proper order.
2. How many kinds of Spelling?
Two.
3. What are they?
Orthographic and Phonic.
4. What is Orthographic spelling?
An expression of the letters of a written or printed word in their proper order.
5. What is Phonic spelling?
An expression of the elementary sounds of a word in their proper order, according to established usage.
6. What is meant by good usage?
The usage, or custom, of the best speakers and writers of the times.
7. How do we know when we have spelled a word correctly?
By reference to the Dictionary?
8. What is a Lexicographer?
An author of a dictionary.
9. Can we spell by Rules?
We cannot.
10. Why?
Because there are too many exceptions.
11. What makes a rule in Orthography?
Whenever a letter is silent, or usually so, a rule is formed.
12. Why is c placed before r in acre, massacre, etc.?
To preserve the hard sound of c.
14. Give rule for E final.
E final is silent when another vowel precedes it in the same syllable.
15. What effect does final E have on the preceding vowel?
It usually preserves its long sound.
16. When is B silent?
Before t, or after m, in the same syllable.
17. When is C silent?
Before k in the same syllable; also, before z, l, or
t, in a few words.
18. When is D silent?
Before g in the same syllable.
19. When is G silent?
Before m or n in the same syllable.
20. When is H silent?
After g or r in the same syllable; and h final after a vowel is always silent; also, in a few words after t, and initial in a few words.
21. When is L silent?
After a when followed by f, m, k, or v, except in the word valve; also, before d in could, etc.
22. When is M silent?
Before n in a few words.
23. When is N silent?
Final after l or m.
24. When is P silent?
Initial before n, s, or t.
25. When is S silent?
In a few irregular words; as, isle, puisne, viscount, corps, etc.
27. When is V silent?
In two words only—Sevennight and Twelvemonth.
28. When is W silent?
Before r in the same syllable also, in whoop, sword, two, etc.
29. When is Gh silent?
After i in the same syllable; also, after au and ou in some words.
30. When is Ch silent?
In a few words; as, drachm, yacht, etc.
31. When is Z silent?
In one word only—Rendezvous.
32. What letters are never silent?
F, J, Q, and R.
33. What is meant by Antecedent part of a syllable?
That part before the vowel.
34. What is the Consequent part of a syllable?
That part which follows the vowel.
35. How many words end in Ceed?
Three.
36. What are they?
Exceed, proceed, and succeed.
37. How many of the English words are derived from the Latin?
About, three-fourths.
38. What Language is called "Our mother tongue?"
Anglo-Saxon.
39. From what language do we get most of our Scientific terms?
The Greek.
40. How many English words begin with IN as a prefix?
Two hundred and fifty.
42. How many begin with un?
About two thousand.
43. Were final E not silent, what would be the result?
Another syllable would be formed.
44. When is final E dropped in spelling?
Before vowel terminations mostly.
45. Why is the final E retained in such words as changeable and traceable?
To preserve the soft sound of the c or g.
46. In the words fleeing, seeing, etc., why retain both Es?
To determine the proper meaning of the word.
47 What is a Figure of orthography?
Any departure from the ordinary spelling of a word.
48. How many Figures are there?
Two.
49 What are they?
Archaism and Mimesis.
50. What is Archaism?
The spelling of a word according to ancient usage.
51. What is Mimesis?
The spelling of a word in imitation of a false pronunciation.
52. When is i used as a consonant?
When followed by a vowel in the same syllable; as in alien, etc.
53. When is y final changed to e?
Before the suffix ous; as in beauteous.
54. When is y final changed to i?
Before the suffix ful; as in beautiful.
55. What is a Redundant prefix?
One that does not change the signification of the root; as, a in the word adry.
57. When use the digraph ei in spelling?
Ei follows c soft, and begins words.
58. When use ie in spelling?
Ie follows consonants (except c soft), and ends words.
59. In changing the word hoe to hoeing, why retain the e?
To preserve its signification.
60. What is the origin of the suffix less?
Anglo-Saxon.
61. What is the origin of the word English?
It is derived from the word Angles.
62. Who were the Angles?
They were a tribe of people who came from the land of the Low Germans and settled in Britain in the fifth century.
63. What does the word England mean?
"The land of the Angles."
64. Why is our language sometimes called the "Teutonic language"?
Because it is derived from the ancient Germans, who were called Teutons.
65. What kind of words end in ize?
Verbs derived from the Greek.
66. What kind of words end in ise?
Most words derived from the French.
67. Why is the English called a Composite Language?
Because it is derived from so many different sources.
68. Does adding a single consonant to a word ever make an additional syllable?
It does.
69. Give examples.
Grade, grad-ed; confide, con-fi-ded.
71. How distinguish between an affix and a part of a compound word?
If all the parts retain their literal signification they form a compound; if not, the part which loses its signification becomes an affix in a derivative.
72. Is the word outside compound or derivative?
It is compound.
73. Is the word outrun compound or derivative?
It is derivative.
74. What is Derivation?
That branch of etymology which treats of the sources of the words of a language.
75. How many kinds of Derivation?
Two.
76. What are they?
Paronymous and Historical.
77. What is Paronymous derivation?
That part of etymology which treats of present sources of English words.
78. Give examples of Paronymous derivation.
Kingdom, from king; Manly, from man, etc.
79. What is Historical derivation?
That part of etymology which treats of the foreign sources of the English language.
80. Give examples of Historical derivation.
Book, from boc; Moon, from mona, etc.
81. When use a, and when an, in a sentence?
Use a before all words beginning with a consonant sound, and use an before words beginning with a vowel sound, or with h mute, or h initial, if the accent is on any other syllable than the first.
83. What is a new word?
One that has recently come into use.
84. Name some new words.
Outsider, intensify, repudiate, and idiom.
85. What is meant by suspended animation of a word?
A word that passes out of use for a while and then resumes its place in literature.
86. Give examples of suspended words.
The words reckless, abate, and abandon, fell into disuse in the seventeenth century, but have since been revived.
87. What letters are called the pivots?
Y and w.
88. Why are they so called?
Because of their peculiar sounds in changing from vowels to consonants.
89. What kind of new words should be avoided?
Any word formed contrary to the genius of the language.
90. What is meant by idiom?
A peculiar mode of expression.
91. What is diction?
Diction treats of the selection and right use of words.
92. When is our diction pure?
When we use only such words as belong to the idiom of our language.
93. What are Synonyms?
Words having a similar signification.
94. What is a Synonymicon?
A dictionary of synonymous words.
95. What is meant by a reputable word?
One that is used by educated people.
96. What is an Anacoluthic word?
One that is unnecessary to the completion of a sentence.
98. What is an Ideographical language?
One in which the characters represent ideas rather than sounds.
99. Can there be a derivative word without an affix?
There can; as, brought from bring.
100. What is Dactylology?
The art of spelling words with the fingers.
101. What is the Pythagorean letter?
Y.—Am. Cyclopedia.
102. Why so called?
Because its Greek original represents the sacred triad used to designate the diverging paths of virtue and vice.
1. What is meant by the Numerical value of letters?
Its value as a numeral used in the notation of different languages.
2. Have all the letters Numerical value?
All except J, U, W, and Y.
3. What is the Numerical value of A?
500.
4. By whom used?
The ancient European Nations.
5. What is the Numerical value of B?
300.
6. By whom used?
The Romans.
8. What is the Numerical value of D?
500 in the Roman notation.
9. What is the Numerical value of E?
5.
10. By whom used?
The ancient Greeks.
11. What is the Numerical value of F?
40 in some of the Ancient notations; 80 in the Arabian; and 10,000 in the Armenian.
12. What is the Numerical value of G?
400.
13. By whom used?
The Latins.
14. What is the Numerical value of H?
100 in the Greek notation; and 200 in the Latin.
15. What is the Numerical value of I?
1 in the Roman notation; and 100 in some of the Ancient notations.
16. What is the Numerical value of K?
20 in the Greek notation; and 60 in the Semitic.
17. Give the Numerical values of L.
50 in Roman, and 30 in Semitic notation.
18. What are the Numerical values of M?
As a Roman numeral, 1,000; Greek and Hebrew, 40.
19. What is the value of N as a Numeral?
In the Greek notation, 50; Roman, 90; and by some other, 900.
20. What is the Numerical value of O?
70 in the Greek; and 11 in the Ancient Latins.
21. What is the Numerical value of P?
In the Greek notation, 5; in the Latin, 80; and in the Roman, by some authors, 7, by one, 100, and by still another, 400.
22. As a Numeral, what is the value of Q?
500.
23. By whom used?
Several of the Ancient Nations of Europe.
24. What is the Numerical value of R?
80
25. By whom used?
The ancient Romans.
26. What is the Numerical value of S?
7
27. By whom used?
The Ancients.
28. Give the values of T as a Numeral.
300 in the Greek notation; in the Latin, 160.
29. What is the Numerical value of V?
5 in the Roman notation.
30. What are the values of X as a Numeral?
In the Roman, 10; in the Greek, 60.
31. What are the Numerical values of Z?
7 in the Greek notation; and 2,000 in the Roman.
32. Why have J, U, W, and Y no Numerical values?
Because they have been introduced into the Alphabet since the Science of Arithmetical Notation was invented.
33. What effect does it have on the value of a letter to draw a line above it?
In most cases it increases its value a thousand times.
34. Is a line ever drawn beneath a letter for the same purpose?
In some instances it is.
35. What effect does it have on a letter as a numeral to repeat it?
Repeats its value as often as it is repeated.
1. What is a Capital letter?
A large letter.
2. What is an Italic letter?
A form of oblique letters derived from the Italians.
3. What is Rule 1 for the use of Capitals?
Title pages and headings of chapters should be entirely in capitals.
4. Give Rule 2.
The first word of every book, tract, essay, letter, etc., should begin with a capital.
5. Give Rule 3.
The first word of every sentence should begin with a capital.
6. Give Rule 4.
Clauses separately numbered should begin with a capital.
7. Give Rule 5.
The first word after an interrogation point should usually begin with a capital.
8. Give Rule 6.
The first word of a clause, or sentence, given as an example, should begin with a capital.
9. Give Rule 7.
In quoting a title of a book, each important word of the title should begin with a capital.
10. Give Rule 8.
First word of a direct question should begin with a capital.
12. Give Rule 10.
All letters used as numerals should be written or printed in capitals.
13. Give Rule 11.
The pronoun I should always be a capital.
14. Give Rule 12.
The vocative particle O should always be a capital.
15. Give Rule 13.
The first word of every line of poetry should begin with a capital.
16. Give one exception to Rule 13.
In humorous poetry, when a word is divided at the end of a line, the detached syllable at the beginning of the next line should begin with a small letter.
17. Give Rule 14.
All names and titles of the Deity should begin with a capital.
18. Give Rule 15.
All proper names should begin with a capital.
19. Give Rule 16.
All words derived from proper nouns should begin with a capital.
20. Give Rule 17.
Titles of honor and distinction should begin with capitals.
21. Give Rule 18.
The words father, mother, sister, brother, aunt, etc., when followed by a proper noun, should always begin with a capital.
22. Give Rule 19.
All words referring to the Bible should begin with a capital.
24. Give Rule 21.
The names of famous events, historical eras, noted documents, etc., should begin with a capital.
25. What establishes a rule for Capitals?
Good usage, or custom.
26. Give Rule 1 for the use of Italics.
Words for emphasis should be printed in italics.
27. Give Rule 2.
Names of books, poems, etc., are usually printed in italics.
28. Give Rule 3.
Words from foreign languages are printed in italics.
29. Give Rule 4.
Words in the Bible supplied by the translators are printed in italics.
30. How are written words marked that are to be printed in Capitals?
By underscoring the words with two lines.
31. How are written words marked that are to be printed in Italics?
By underscoring the words with one line.
32. When use the Interjection O?
The letter O is a vocative particle, and should always be used before nouns or pronouns in the absolute case by direct address.—[Ridpath.]
33. When use Oh?
In all cases where it is not followed by nouns, or pronouns, in the vocative case.—[Ridpath.]
1. What is an abbreviation?
One or more of the letters of a word standing for the whole word.
2. What is the signification of A.C.S.?
American Colonization Society.
3. Give meaning A.B.C.F.M.
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions.
4. What is the signification AAA.?
Amalgamation.
5. What is the signification of Ang.-Sax.?
Anglo-Saxon.
6. Give signification of A.T.
Arch-Treasurer.
7. What is the signification of C.A.S.?
Fellow of the Connecticut Academy.
8. What is the signification of C.C.?
County Court, or County Commissioner.
9. What is the meaning of D.C.L.?
Doctor of Civil Law.
10. What is the signification of D.M.?
Doctor of Music.
11. What is the signification of A.U.C.?
In the year of the city.
12. What is the meaning of F.E.S.?
Fellow of the Entomological Society.
13. What is the signification of H.R.I.P.?
Here rests in peace.
14. What is the signification of L.C.J.?
Lord Chief Justice.
16. What is the signification of P.a.?
Participial adjective.
17. What is the signification of P.v.?
Post village.
18. What is the signification of Qy.?
Query.
19. What is the signification of Ro.?
Righthand page.
20. What is the signification S.C.L.?
Student of the Civil Law.
21. What is the signification of S.R.I.?
Holy Roman Empire.
22. What is the signification of S.J.C.?
Supreme Judicial Court.
23. What is the signification of U.S.S.?
United States Ship.
24. What does U.K. signify?
United Kingdom.
25. What does V.R. signify?
Queen Victoria.
26. What does V.G. signify?
For example.
27. What does Xt. signify?
Christ.
28. What does Xmas. signify?
Christmas.
29. What is the signification of Y.B.?
Year Book.
30. What is the signification of Zoöl.?
Zoölogy.
31. What does Yt. signify?
That.
32. What is the signification of S.T.P.?
Doctor of Divinity.
1. Why is a word divided into syllables?
For the purpose of showing their proper pronunciation and etymological composition.
2. What is Accent?
A greater stress of voice placed on one syllable of a word than the others.
3. What kind of words have no accent?
Monosyllables.
4. Why?
Accent implies comparison, and there can be no comparison with one syllable.
5. How many kinds of accent?
Common, Emphatic, and Discriminating.
6. What is common accent?
Ordinary accent of spelling.
7. How many kinds of common accent?
Two.
8. What are they?
Primary and secondary.
9. What is primary accent?
The principal accent.
10. What is secondary accent?
The partial accent.
11. What kind of accent is essential to every word of more than one syllable?
Primary.
12. How close can primary and secondary accent come together?
Not closer than two syllables.
14. How many secondary accents can a word have?
Two.
15. In case of two secondary accents, where are they placed?
On the first and third.
16. In case of two secondary, where is the primary accent?
On the last but two.
17. Do the primary and secondary ever change places?
They do.
18. In words of two syllables, where is the accent?
Usually on the first.
19. In trisyllables, what syllable is accented?
Usually the first.
20. Are there any exceptions?
There are.
21. In polysyllables, where is the accent?
On the antepenult usually.
22. In all words ending in ation, where is the accent?
On the syllable next to the last.
23. What is Emphatic accent?
Accent used for emphatic distinction.
24. Have monosyllables any accent?
They have sometimes an emphatic, or poetic.
25. What is Discriminating accent?
That used to determine parts of speech.
26, Give some examples.
Au'gust, Au-gust'; Reb'el, Re-bel'.
27, What is Punctuation?
The use of certain characters to aid the reader in determining the thought of the writer.
28. How many kinds of punctuation are there?
Four.
30. What is Rhetorical punctuation?
That used for rhetorical effect.
31. What is Etymological punctuation?
That used in Orthography and Orthoepy.
32. What is Reference punctuation?
That used to refer the reader to the margin of the page.
33. What is punctuation for the Printer?
That used by the writer to inform the printer the kind of type to use.
34. What are the principal Etymological points?
Apostrophe, Caret, Dieresis, Macron, Breve, Tilde, Grave Accent, Acute Accent, Circumflex Accent, Hyphen, and Period.
35. What is the use of the Apostrophe?
To indicate the omission of a letter, or letters, of a word.
36. What letter is omitted in the word o'clock?
The letter f.
37. What is the use of the Caret?
To correct an error of omission.
38. Is the Caret used in printed copy or manuscript?
In manuscript.
39. For what is the Dieresis used?
To separate two vowels which would otherwise form a diphthong.
40. Give an example of the use of the Dieresis.
Zoölogy, and Diëresis.
41. What is the use of the Macron?
To mark the long quantity of syllables.
42. What is a long syllable?
One in which the vowel has the long sound.
43. What is the use of the Breve?
To mark the short quantity of syllables.
45. What kind of a mark is the Tilde?
A Spanish mark.
46. How many uses has the Tilde?
Two.
47. What are they?
Placed over n it gives the sound of ny as, in cañon. In English it indicates certain sounds of the vowels.
48. How many accent marks are there?
Three.
49. What are they?
Grave, Acute, and Circumflex.
50. What is the use of the Grave accent?
To mark the falling inflection.
51. What is the use of the Acute accent?
To mark the primary accent, and the rising inflection.
52. What is the use of the Circumflex?
To mark the peculiar inflection of the voice in the pronunciation of a word.
53. How many uses has the Hyphen?
Three.
54. What are they?
To separate the parts of a compound word; to separate a word into syllables; and to divide a word at the end of a line.
55. When should the Hyphen be used in a compound word?
When the word has not become permanently compounded.
56. When use the Dieresis instead of the Hyphen?
When the syllables are divided by the hyphen, there is no hyphen used between the vowels of the digraph.
57. What is the use of the Period?
To denote an abbreviation.
59. Where else is the Period used?
In Rhetorical punctuation.
60. Name the points used in Reference punctuation.
Asterisk, Obelisk, Parallels, Section, Paragraph, and Index.
61. Are these marks ever doubled?
They are.
62. Are Letters ever used for reference?
They are.
1. What are Diacritical Marks?
Characters indicating the different sounds of letters.
2. Name the Diacritical Marks.
Macron, Breve, Dieresis, Semi-Dieresis, Caret, Tilde, Cedilla, and the inverted T.
3. Make the Diacritical Marks in the order named:
(¯); (˘); (¨); (·); (ˇ); (~); (¸); ( ˔).
4. What does the Macron indicate?
Over a vowel, its long sound; under e, the sound of a, long; across c, the sound of k; over g, the hard sound; across th, the subvocal sound, and over oo, the long sound.
5. What are the uses of the Breve?
Over vowels, it indicates their short sound, and over oo, its short sound.
6. What does the Dieresis indicate?
Over a, its Italian sound; under a, its broad sound; over i, the sound of e, long; under u, when preceded by r, makes it equivalent to o, Italian.
7. What is the use of the Semi-Dieresis?
Over a, gives it the medium sound; under a, the sound of o, short; over o, the sound of u, short; under o, the Italian sound; over g, the soft sound; and under u, the sound of Italian o.
8. Where is the Cedilla used?
Under c, to give it the sound of s.
9. What is the use of the Caret as a Diacritical Mark?
Over a, it indicates the flat sound; over e, the sound of a, flat; over u, the sound of e, in her.
10. Where is the Tilde used?
Over n in Spanish words it indicates that the sound of y immediately follows. It is also used over e in such words as her, and over i in sir, etc.
11. What is the use of the inverted ˔?
Under s, it gives it the sound of z; under x, it gives the sound of gz.
12. Give some words illustrating the use of the Macron.
Māte, bēam, fīne, bōat, tūbe, ro͞od, ḡo, and pre̱y.
13. Give words showing the use of the Breve.
Măt, sĕt, lŏt, tŭb, and fo͝ot.
14. Illustrate the use of the Dieresis.
Cär, polïce, fa̤lling, and trṳe.
15. Give words showing the use of the Semi-Dieresis.
Mȧsk, whạt, mȯney, ġin, wọlf, and bụsh.
16. Illustrate the use of the Caret.
Fâir, thêre, sûrge, and sometimes over o as in stôrm.
17. Give words showing the use of the Tilde.
Mẽrge and cañon.
18. Illustrate the use of the Cedilla.
Çell and çhaise.
19. Give some words showing the use of the inverted t.
Was̝ and ex̝ist.
20. Are there any other names for the inverted t?
It has been given different names by different authors.
21. What are they?
"The Perpendicular," "Suspended Macron," etc.
22. Is the letter y ever marked by Diacritical Marks?
It is, sometimes.
23. What marks are used for y?
Macron and Breve.
24. Give examples where y is marked with the Macron.
Spȳ, slȳ, stȳ, etc.
25. Give example where y is marked with the Breve.
Hy̆mn.
26. What mark is used to cancel silent letters?
Short bar, similar to the Macron.
1. What is the signification of A as a Prefix?
On, in, at, to, or towards.
2. Is A as a prefix ever redundant?
It is.
3. Give examples.
Adry and ameliorate.
4. What does the prefix Ab signify?
From.
5. What does Ab signify?
Away from.
6. What is the signification of Ante?
Before.
7. Name all the prefixes meaning To.
Ad, ac, af, ag, al, an, ap, ar, and at.
9. What does Bis signify?
Twice.
10. What other prefix means the same?
Dis, from the Greek.
11. What does Be signify?
Upon.
12. What does Circum signify?
Around, as circumscribe.
13. What is the meaning of Cis?
On this side, as cisalpine.
14. What prefixes signify With?
Con, com, co, col, and cor.
15. What prefixes signify Against?
Contra and counter.
16. What does Di signify?
Two, as ditone.
17. What prefixes signify Out of, or From?
E, and ex.
18. What does Dys signify?
Ill, or difficult, as dysentery and dyspepsia.
19. What does Enter signify?
Between or among.
20. What does Epi signify?
On, as epitaph; during, as ephemeral.
21. What prefix signifies Equal?
Equi, as equidistant.
22. What does Extra signify?
Beyond, as extraordinary.
23. What is the signification of Eu?
Well, or agreeable, as euphony.
24. What does Gain signify?
Against, as gainsay.
26. What does Hyper signify?
Over, as hypercriticism.
27. What does Hypo signify?
Under, or beneath, as hypotenuse and hypocrite.
28. What prefixes signify Not or In?
In, im, il, and ir.
29. What is the signification of Inter?
In the midst of, or between, as intellect and intermarry.
30. What does Intra signify?
Within, or on the inside of.
31. What other prefix means the same as Intra?
Intro.
32. What is the signification of Juxta?
Joined to, or next, as juxtaposition.
33. What does Mal signify?
Bad, as malpractice and maladministration.
34. What is the signification of Meta?
In the middle, after, and with.
35. What does Mis signify?
Amiss, or wrong, as misapply and mishap.
36. What is the signification of Mono?
One, as monotheistic.
37. What prefixes signify Many?
Multi and poly, as multiform and polysyllable.
38. What does Non signify?
Not, as nonsense, nonessential, etc.
39. What other prefixes signify Not?
Neg, as in negative, and ne, as in nefarious.
40. What does Ob signify?
In the way of, as obstruct.
41. What does Oct signify?
Eight, as octagon.
43. What is the signification of Out?
Beyond, as outlaw, outbid, outbalance, etc.
44. What does Over signify?
Above, as overseer, overreach, etc.
45. What does Ovi signify?
An egg, as oviform.
46. What does Para signify?
Beside, as parallel, paragraph, etc.
47. What is the signification of Pene?
Almost, as peninsula—almost an island.
48. What does Per signify?
Through, or by, as permit, perchance, etc.
49. What does Peri signify?
Around, as perimeter, periosteum.
50. What does Pleni signify?
Completeness, or full, as plenitude, etc.
51. What does Post signify?
After, or backwards, as postfix, and postpone.
52. What does Pre signify?
Before, as prefer, prefix, etc.
53. What is the signification of Preter?
Beyond, as preternatural.
54. What is the signification of Pro?
Before, forth, and for.
55. What does Pros signify?
To, as proselyte.
56. What is the signification of Proto?
First, as protocol, protoplasm, etc.
57. What does Quad signify?
Four, as quadrangle, etc.
58. What does Re signify?
Back, or again, as react, recollect, etc.
60. What does Retro signify?
Backwards, as retrospect and retrograde.
61. What does Se signify?
By itself, as separate, seclude, etc.
62. What prefixes signify Half?
Semi, demi, and hemi, as semicircle, demitone, and hemisphere.
63. What does Sine signify?
Without, as sinecure.
64. What does Stereo signify?
Solid, as stereotype.
65. What does Sub signify?
Under, or inferior, as subterranean and subordinate.
66. What does Super signify?
Over, above, or beyond, as supernatural, etc.
67. What does Suf signify?
Less or after, as suffix, etc.
68. What does Supra signify?
Same as Super.
69. What does Sur signify?
More than, as surcharge.
70. What prefixes signify Together?
Syn, sy, syl, and sym, as in syntax, system, syllable, and symbol.
71. What does Trans signify?
Beyond, across, and again, as transalpine, transatlantic, and transform.
72. What does Tra signify?
Across, as traverse.
73. What is the signification of Tri?
Three, as trisyllable, triangle, etc.
75. What does Un signify?
Not, as unhappy, unable, etc.
76. What is the signification of Under?
Below, as undercurrent, underrate, etc.
77. What does Ve signify?
No or not, as vehement.
78. What does Vice signify?
Instead of, as Vice-President.
79. What does With signify?
Against or back, as withstand, withdraw.
80. What other signification has With in some words?
Near, as within; together, as withal, etc.
81. What suffixes signify "able to be"?
Able, ible, and ile, as curable, audible, and visible.
82. What suffixes signify rank, or office?
Acy, ate, ric; dom, and ship, as in curacy, pontificate, bishopric, kingdom, and clerkship.
83. What is the signification of Age?
Act of, as marriage, passage, etc.
84. Has the suffix Age any other signification?
From the Latin ago, it means collection.
85. What does An signify?
One who, or the person who acts, as equestrian, pedestrian, etc.
86. What does Ana signify?
A collection of memorable sayings, as Franklinana—the sayings of Franklin.
87. What does Ant signify?
Being, and has the force of ing, as dominant, verdant, etc.
88. What is the signification of the suffix Art?
One who, as braggart.
90. What does Ate signify?
Full of, or abundance, as desolate, passionate, etc.
91. What is the signification of Celli?
Little, as vermicelli, etc.
92. What other suffixes also signify Little?
Cle, cule, el, en, kin, let, ot, ling, ock, and ie.
93. What does Ene signify?
Belonging to, as terrene, etc.
94. What is the signification of Eous?
Full of, as beauteous, etc.
95. What does Ed signify?
When added to a verb it signifies did, as played; but to a participle, was, as completed.
96. What is the signification of Er?
More or often, as brighter, glimmer, etc.
97. What does Erly signify?
Direction of, as northerly.
98. What does Es signify?
More than one, as foxes, etc.
99. What does Escent signify?
Growing or becoming, as convalescent.
100. What does Esque signify?
Belonging to, or like, as picturesque, etc.
101. What does Ess signify?
Feminine when added to nouns, as tigress.
102. What does Est signify?
Greatest or least, as largest, smallest, etc.
103. What does Head signify?
State or nature, as Godhead.
104. What does Ics signify?
Things relating to, as optics, etc.
106. What is the signification of Im?
More than one, as cherubim.
107. What does Ina signify?
Feminine, as Czarina.
108. What does Ing signify?
Continuing, as singing, etc.
109. What is the signification of Ior?
More, as superior.
110. What does Ique signify?
Belonging to, as antique.
111. What is the signification of Ish?
Like, as boyish, girlish, etc.
112. What does Isk signify?
Little, as asterisk, etc.
113. What does Ite signify?
That which, as appetite.
114. What does Ive signify?
Able to do, as adhesive, etc.
115. What does Ion signify?
State or act, as location.
116. What does Ism signify?
Doctrine, as Calvinism, etc.
117. What does Ix signify?
Feminine of nouns, as testatrix.
118. What does Kin signify?
A son of, or little, as lambkin.
119. What does Kind signify?
Race, as mankind.
120. What does Less signify?
Without, as guiltless, breathless, etc.
121. What does Ling signify?
Young, as duckling, etc.
123. What does Most signify?
Greatest or furthest, as hindmost.
124. What does Ment signify?
State or act, as settlement, judgment, etc.
125. What does Ness signify?
The quality of, or state of, as whiteness, etc.
126. What does Ock signify?
Small or young, as hillock, bullock, etc.
127. What does Oid signify?
Likeness, as spheroid, etc.
128. What does Or signify?
One who, as actor, director, etc.
129. What does Ory signify?
Having the quality of, as vibratory, etc.
130. What does On signify?
Large, as million, etc.
131. What does Ous signify?
Having the quality of, as solicitous.
132. What does Ot signify?
Little, as idiot.
133. What does Re signify?
Same as Er, as it is another form of it.
134. What does Red signify?
Those who, as kindred, etc.
135. What is the signification of Ress?
Feminine of nouns, as instructress.
136. What does Ric signify?
Office of, as bishopric.
137. What does Ry signify?
Place where, or things collectively.
138. What does Se signify?
To make, as cleanse.
140. What does Ship signify?
The condition, as professorship.
141. What does Some signify?
Full, as quarrelsome.
142. What does Ster signify?
The person who, as teamster.
143. What does Teen signify?
Ten to be added, as fourteen.
144. What is the signification of Tude?
The state of being, as similitude.
145. What does Ty signify?
To multiply into, as seventy, forty, etc.
146. What does Ude signify?
Same as Tude, the state of being.
147. What does Ule signify?
Little, as globule.
148. What does Ward signify?
Direction of, as eastward, etc.
149. What does Ways signify?
Manner, as crossways, lengthways, etc.
150. What does the suffix Y signify?
Plenty, as smoky; also abounding in, as wealthy.
151. Are there any exceptions to the meaning of the foregoing Prefixes and Postfixes?
There are some, and therefore great judgment must be exercised in applying them to the analysis of words.
152. What is meant by the term "Good Bye"?
God be with you.
153. What does the suffix Ster signify?
Feminine, as spinster.