[1002] Life of Kettlewell, 1719, 24.

[1003] Burnet's Four Discourses to the Clergy of Sarum, 1694, 338.

[1004] Paterson's Pietas Londinensis, Introd.

[1005] Fleetwood's Works, 716.

[1006] Johnson's Vade-Mecum, i. 189

[1007] E.g. Malcolm's London, &c., i. 18.

[1008] Walcot's Cathedrals, &c. (of Rochester), 102.

[1009] Doran's Note to Horace Walpole's Journal, i. 89.

[1010] Bramston, quoted in id.

[1011] C. Cruttwell's Life of Bishop Wilson, 370.

[1012] Life of Kettlewell, 24. Paterson's Pietas Londinensis, Introduction. H.B. Wilson's Hist. of Merchant Taylors, 1075. Chr. Wordsworth's Memoirs of W. Wordsworth, 8.

[1013] The Church of England Vindicated, &c., 1801, 15.

[1014] Secker's Eight Charges, 49.

[1015] Boswell's Life of Johnson, ii. 191.

[1016] Beresford Hope, Worship, &c., 22.

[1017] J.B. Pearson, in Oxford Essays, 1858, 165.

[1018] Horsley's Charges, 114.

[1019] Brand's Popular Antiq. 1777, i. 491.

[1020] Spectator, No. 282.

[1021] Gay's Trivia, ii. 438.

[1022] Walcot's Cathedrals, &c., 137.

[1023] Gay's Trivia, ii. 442.

[1024] Stukeley's Hist. of Carausius, ii. 164. Quoted by Walcot, 137.

[1025] Paterson's Pietas Lond.

[1026] As at St. Dunstan's-in-the-West, &c., id. 80.

[1027] See p. 68.

[1028] Piet. Lond. 272.

[1029] Walcot's Cathedrals, &c., 137.

[1030] Paterson's Pietas Londinensis, 157.

[1031] Id.

[1032] Spectator, No. 161, Sept. 4, 1711.

[1033] Nelson's Life of Bull, 312.

[1034] Macaulay's History of Claybrook, 1791, 93, quoted by Brand, ii. 12.

[1035] Wither's Emblems, 1635, quoted by Brand.

[1036] J. Walton's Life of Hooker.—Hooker's Works, 1850, i. 63.

[1037] Secker's Charges, 143.

[1038] Wilson's Hist. of St. Lawrence Pountney, 114.

[1039] Secker's Charges, 143.

[1040] J. Brand's Popular Antiquities, i. 199.

[1041] De Foe's Works, Chalmers, vol. xx. 8, note.

[1042] A Collection of Parl. Protests, 1737, 164.

[1043] Life of Ken, by a Layman, ii. 653.

[1044] Whiston's Memoirs, 1749, 132.

[1045] Id. and 406.

[1046] G. Wakefield's Memoirs, 1792, 182.

[1047] Malcolm's Manners and Customs of London, ii. 16-19.

[1048] Id. 23.

[1049] Brand's Pop. Antiq. i. 406-8.

[1050] Paterson's Pietas Lond. 23, 154, 164.

[1051] Burn's Eccl. Law, iii. 235.

[1052] H.J. Stephen's Commentaries on the Laws, 1858, iii. 54.

[1053] Dean Prideaux' Life and Letters, 1747, 95, and R. South's Sermons, 1823, iv. 186.

[1054] Prideaux, as above.

[1055] Burnet, quoted in J. Hunt's Hist. of Rel. Thought in E. iii. 223.

[1056] Secker's Eight Charges, 6.

[1057] B. Hope, Worship in the Ch. of E., 10. Secker makes the same remark, Eight Charges, 295.

[1058] Bishop Newton's Life and Works, i. 115.

[1059] J. Newton's Memoirs, 54.

[1060] The Church of England Vindicated, 1801, 40.

[1061] Considerations on the Present State of Religion, 1801, 21, 29.

[1062] H. More's Memoirs, i. 573.

[1063] H. More's Memoirs, i. 656.

[1064] Id. 458.

[1065] R. Thoresby's Diary (of 1684), i. 178.

[1066] Spectator, No. 20.

[1067] Spectator, No. 50.

[1068] Id. No. 259.

[1069] The scandalous interruptions during service which C. Simeon met with (1792-5) were, of course, of a different nature.—Simeon's Memoirs, 86-92.

[1070] R. Polwhele's Introduction to Lavington, ccxliv.

[1071] Tindal, vol. i. and Somers Tracts, x. 349, quoted in W. Palin's Hist. of the Ch. of E. from 1688 to 1717, 218.

[1072] Quoted in id. 228.

[1073] Gibson Papers, v. 9. Quoted in J. Stoughton's Church of the Revolution, 324.

[1074] Hooper's MS., quoted by Palin, 220.

[1075] Cripps's Laws of the Church, 675.

[1076] R. Burn's Eccles. Law, iii. 273.

[1077] Johnson's Vade Mecum, i. 281.

[1078] Worship in the Church of England, 9.

[1079] J. Johnson's Vade Mecum, i. 21.

[1080] Life of Archbishop Sharp, by his Son, i. 355.

[1081] B. Hope, Worship, &c., 109, 1211.

[1082] Gibson's Codex Jur. Eccl. 303, 472. This opinion is referred to with approval in An Account of London Parishes, &c.

[1083] Blomefield's Hist. of Norwich, quoted in id. 140.

[1084] A.P. Stanley's Memoirs of Westminster Abbey, 192.

[1085] Defoe's Tour, 1727, iii. 189, also Thoresby's Diary, i. 60.

[1086] B. Hope, Worship, &c., 138.

[1087] Gent. Mag. for 1804, quoted in id.

[1088] The Scourge, by T. Lewis, Feb. 11, 1717.

[1089] Sherlock, On Public Worship, 114.

[1090] The Scourge, May 16, 1717.

[1091] Quoted in Stoughton's Church of the Revolution, 323.

[1092] E. Thoresby's Diary, ii. 341.

[1093] Tatler, No. 129.

[1094] Secker's Eight Charges, 182.

[1095] R. South's Sermons, iv. 191, also Strype Corresp. quoted by Stoughton, Ch. of the Rev., 323.

[1096] Mr. Wordsworth, however, mentions a portrait of 1730, showing the interior of an English church in which the celebrant at the Eucharist is robed in a black gown.—Univ. Soc. in the Eighteenth Cent., 533.

[1097] Walcot's Cathedrals, &c., 121.

[1098] Christopher Pitt's Art of Preaching, c. 1740. Anderson's Br. Poets, viii. 821.

[1099] Spectator, No. 21.

[1100] Id. No. 609.

[1101] Id., and Oldham, in the Tatler, No. 255.

[1102] Swift's 'Project for the Adv. of Rel.'—Works, ix. 97. Spectator, No. 608.

[1103] Hearne's Reliq. Feb. 1719-20, quoted in Chr. Wordsworth, Univ. Soc. in Eighteenth Century, 36, 516.

[1104] Fielding's Joseph Andrews, b. i. chap. 16, b. ii. chaps. 3, 7, &c.

[1105] Cf. C. Churchill's Independence:—

[1106] Hardships, &c., of the Inf. Clergy, in a letter to the Bishop of London, 1722, 20, 93, 246.

[1107] Admonition to the Younger Clergy, 1764, and Philagoretes on the Pulpit, &c., quoted by Chr. Wordsworth, Universities, &c., 526, 529.

[1108] J.C. Jeaffreson's B. of the Clergy, ii. 253.

[1109] Mrs. Abigail, &c., with some Free Thoughts on the Pretended Dignity of the Clergy, 1700.

[1110] Quoted in Justice and Necessity of Restraining the Clergy, &c., 1715, 41

[1111] Jeaffreson, ii. 231.

[1112] R. South's Sermons, vol. iv. 192.

[1113] Dean Swift's Works, vol. viii. 313.

[1114] Chap. iii. p. 26 quoted in A. Andrews' Eighteenth Century.

[1115] Considerations Addressed to the Clergy, 1798, 14.

[1116] Spectator, No. 455. Burnet, as a matter of opinion, thought this more consonant with primitive usage, and, except during confession, more expressive of the feelings of faith and confidence.—Four Discourses, &c., 1694, 323.

[1117] The Scourge, 1720, No. 3.

[1118] Cruttwell's Life of Bishop Wilson, 12; and Fleetwood's 'Letter to an Inhabitant of St. Andrew's, Holborn,' 1717—Works. 1737, 722-3.

[1119] Id.

[1120] Towards the end of the century, on the other hand, there were many churches where kneeling was sufficiently uncommon as almost to call special attention. Thus Admiral Austen was remarked upon as 'the officer who kneeled at church' (Jane Austen's Memoirs, 23); and C. Simeon writes in his Diary, '1780, March 8. Kneeled down before service; nor do I see any impropriety in it. Why should I be afraid or ashamed of all the world seeing me do my duty?' (Memoirs, 19).

[1121] Tatler, No. 241.

[1122] J. Hunt, Relig. Thought in England, i. 197.

[1123] Sherlock On Public Worship, 1681, ii. ch. 2.

[1124] Fleetwood's Works, 1737, 723.

[1125] G. Hickes, Devotions, &c., second ed., 1701, Pref.

[1126] Second Charge, 1741, Secker's Eight Charges, 1769.

[1127] T. Bisse, The Beauty of Holiness, eighth ed. 1721, 50, note.

[1128] J. Watts, 'Miscellaneous Thoughts'—Works, ix. 380.

[1129] Tatler, No. 211.

[1130] Spectator, No. 112.

[1131] Id. No. 54.

[1132] Bingham's Works, ix. 259. Cruttwell, 12. Walcott, 204. Somers Tracts, ix. 507. Watts's Works, ix. 380. Wakefield's Memoirs, 156. The Scourge, No. 3.

[1133] Bisse, Beauty of Holiness, 145.

[1134] South's Works, iv. 191.

[1135] Lathbury's Hist. of the Nonjurors, 156, 507-8. Parry's Hist. of the Ch. of E., iii, 165.

[1136] This gave occasion to a special pastoral letter of the Bishop of London, Dec. 26, 1718.

[1137] Whiston's Memoirs, at date 1720, 249.

[1138] Thus we find Dr. Parr speaking of 'reviving' its use in his parish. Johnstone's 'Life of Parr'—Q. Rev. 39, 268. Expressions of dislike to parts of it among Churchmen are very numerous throughout the century.

[1139] Barbauld's Works, by Aikin, ii. 151. Bishop Watson's Life, i. 395.

[1140] J. Johnson, Clergyman's Vade Mecum, i. 12, and Heylin (Hist. pl. ii. cap. 4) quoted by him.

[1141] N. Bisse, Beauty of Holiness, 123. C. Crutwell's Life of Bishop Wilson, 265 (in the Isle of Man, First and Second Services are the regular terms used in official ecclesiastical notices). London Parishes, 8.

[1142] Sherlock On Public Worship, 1681, 205, 219.

[1143] Beveridge On Frequent Communion, 155, 173.

[1144] Fleetwood for example, 'Charge to the Ely Clergy,' 1716—Works, 1737, 699.

[1145] Secker's Eight Charges, 63.

[1146] E.C.M. Walcott's Customs of Cathedrals, 101.

[1147] Quoted in The Church of England Vindicated, &c., 1801, 5.

[1148] Two Letters Concerning the Methodists, by the Rev. Moore Booker, 1751, Pref. iv.

[1149] Burnet's Funeral Sermon on Tillotson, quoted in Lathbury's Nonjurors, 156.

[1150] Du Moulin's Sober and Dispassionate Reply, &c., 1680, 32.

[1151] The Church of England's Complaint against the Irregularities of some of the Clergy, 1709, 15.

[1152] J. Johnstone's Life of Dr. Parr, qu. in Q. Rev. 39, 268.

[1153] R. Nelson's Life of Bull, 52.

[1154] Charge of 1741—Secker's Eight Charges, 63.

[1155] C. Leslie's 'Letter about the New Separation'—Works, i. 510. He adds that some clergymen of the Ch. of E. always used unleavened bread at the Sacrament.

[1156] L. Tyerman's Oxford Methodists, Pref. vi. Other allusions to an occasional preference for this usage occur in Bishop Horne's Works, App. 203, and Gent. Mag. 1750, xx. 75. In some editions of Bishop Wilson's Sacra Privata, there is a prayer for a blessing on the bread and wine-and-water.

[1157] Herbert's Country Parson quoted in Brand's Pop. Antiquities, i. 521.

[1158] Walcott's Customs of Cathedrals, 137.

[1159] London Parishes, &c., 20.

[1160] Paterson's Pietas Londinensis, 52.

[1161] Id. 104.

[1162] Spectator, No. 372.

[1163] H.W. Cripps's Law of the Ch., &c., 218.

[1164] Hartley Coleridge, Essays and Marginalia, ii. 338.

[1165] Pope's Works, vii. 222-35. Naturally, Jacobite parsons were robed by Jacobite clerks. 'Who hath not observed several parish clerks that have ransacked Hopkins and Sternhold for staves in favour of the race of Jacob.'—Addison, in The Freeholder, No. 53.

[1166] John Wesley (Works, x. 445), records an amusing reminiscence of his boyhood: 'One Sunday, immediately after sermon, my father's clerk said with an audible voice: "Let us sing to the praise, &c., an hymn of my own composing: