| Absorption and Filtration, 26-39 | |
| Angles to be, as far as possible, avoided, 99 |
| Baking of clay soils by evaporation, 30 | |
| Barley, 168 | |
| Bartlett, Dr., quotation from, 211 | |
| Base-line, 145 | |
| Boning-rods, (with illustrations), 125-126 |
| Central Park, 74-86 | |
| Cess-pools, cause of epidemics, 237 | |
| Chadwick, Dr., quotation from, 213 | |
| Clay Soils, 75 | |
| Clay Soils, Baking of by Evaporation, 30 | |
| Clay Soils, Made mellow by draining, 29-30 | |
| Clay Soils, Shrinkage of, 28 | |
| Clinometer, (illustration), 56 | |
| Collars, 84 | |
| Connections, 132 | |
| Connections (illustrations), 134 | |
| Corn, Indian, 162 | |
| Cost of draining, 150-153-158 | |
| Cotton, 169 | |
| Covering and filling, cost of, 157 | |
| Covering for the joints of tiles, 132 | |
| Covering tiles, 136 |
| Datum-line, 52-104 | |
| Denton, J. Bailey, quotation from, 115 | |
| Distance between drains, 73 | |
| Diseases, malarial, 208 | |
| Ditches, cost of digging, 154 | |
| Draining, amateur, 47 | |
| Draining, indications of the need of, 9 | |
| Draining, its effect on farming, 171 | |
| Draining, tiles, how made, 174 | |
| Draining, tiles, materials for, 174 | |
| Draining, tools, (illustration), 114 | |
| Draining, what it costs, 150 | |
| Draining, will it pay? 161 | |
| Draining, when necessary, 7 | |
| Drains, Cubic yards of excavation in, 155 | |
| Drains, and drained land, care of, 144 | |
| Drains, lateral, should be parallel, 99 | |
| Drains, how they act, 21 | |
| Drains, obstructed, how cleared, 146 | |
| Drains, old, how formed, 146 | |
| Drains, rate of fall, 90 | |
| Drains, their action in the Central Park, 86 | |
| Drained Soil, capacity for receiving water of rains, 23 | |
| Drainage of dwelling houses, 232 | |
| Drought, 37-40 |
| Economy versus cheapness, 152 | |
| Engineering and Superintendence, cost of, 153 | |
| Engineers, draining, 47 | |
| Epidemic at Maplewood Young Ladies' Institute, 232 | |
| Epidemics caused by cess-pools, 237 | |
| Epidemics caused by ordure beneath houses, 238 | |
| Evaporation, 33 | |
| Evaporation, amount of, 34 | |
| Evaporation, effect on temperature, 33-35 | |
| Evaporation, heat lost during, 34 |
| Fall, rate of in drains, 77 | |
| Fallacies in draining, 62 | |
| Fen-lands of England, 193 | |
| Fever and Ague, 208 | |
| Fever and Ague, exact cause unknown, 210 | |
| Filtration and absorption, 26-39 | |
| Filling, illustration of—ditch with, furrows, 141 | |
| Filling, maul for ramming, (illustration), 138 | |
| Filling, scraper for, (illustration), 140 | |
| Filling, the ditches, 136 | |
| Finishing tools, (illustration), 123 | |
| Finishing scoop, 123 | |
| Finishing scoop, how used, 126 | |
| Foot-pick, (illustration), 156 | |
| Four-foot drains, 70 |
| Germination of seeds, 13 | |
| Gisborne, Thos., quotations from, 28-31-35-47-66-78-84-93-127 | |
| Grading, 124 | |
| Grading, cost of, 156 | |
| Grade stakes, 103 | |
| Grades, computation for, 109 | |
| Grades, how to establish, 107 | |
| Gratings in Silt-basins, 148 |
| Hackensack meadows, 203 | |
| Hay, 168 | |
| Heat, amount of lost during evaporation, 34 | |
| House drainage, 220 | |
| House drainage, back drain system, 235 | |
| House drainage bad, indicated by offensive smells, 239 |
| Indications of the need of draining, 9 | |
| Injury from standing water in the subsoil, 15 | |
| Impervious soil, 31 |
| John Johnson, 164 |
| Land requiring draining, 7 | |
| Lateral drains, 61-97 | |
| Lateral drains, direction of, 75 | |
| Lateral drains, shallow, how connected with deep main, 111 | |
| La Roche, quotations from, 213 | |
| Levels, how to take for drains, 104 | |
| Levelling instrument, (illustration), 52 | |
| Levelling rod, (illustration), 53 | |
| Location of main drains, 58 |
| Madden, Dr., quotation from, 12 | |
| Main drain, 96 | |
| Main drain, location of, 58 | |
| Malaria 211 | |
| Malaria borne by winds, 212-214-219 | |
| Malaria conclusions of the General Board of Health of England, 220 | |
| Malaria facts concerning, 212 | |
| Malaria spread of, prevented by hills, 218 | |
| Malarial diseases, evidence of the effect of drainage in removing, 216 | |
| Malarial diseases, reports to the British Parliament concerning, 216 | |
| Malarial diseases, rheumatism and tic-douloureux, 219 | |
| Malarious localities, effects of residence in, 214 | |
| Maps, amending the, 142 | |
| Maps, description of, (illustrations), 49-50-51-54-98 | |
| Maps, importance of, 48 | |
| Marking the lines, 116 | |
| Mechi, Alderman, quotations from, 29-71 | |
| Mellowness or Porosity, 41 | |
| Measuring staff (illustration), 124 | |
| Metcalf, Dr., quotation from, 211 | |
| Movement of water in the ground, 32-64-65 | |
| Mortality, rate of reduced by improved house drainage, 222 |
| Neuralgia, 208 | |
| New York, suggestions for sewer outlets, 227 |
| Oats, 168 | |
| Obstructions, 90 | |
| Opening ditches, 122 | |
| Outlet, 95 | |
| Outlet, how made (with illustrations), 118 | |
| Outlet, location of, 58 |
| Parkes, Josiah, quotations from, 36-71-88-178 | |
| Porosity, 41 | |
| Profile of a drain, (illustration), 106 | |
| Profit, instances of, 167-170 | |
| Production, amount of increase of, necessary to make draining profitable, 162 | |
| Puddling, 8-31-148 | |
| Pumping, 206 | |
| Pumping, London sewage, 226 |
| Rock, sounding for, 55 | |
| Rock, how to collect water from, 60 | |
| Roots, depth to which they reach, 40-67 | |
| Roots, as a cause of obstruction, 93-148 | |
| Rye, 168 |
| Salisbury's, Dr., theory concerning malarious fever, 214 | |
| Salt marshes, catch water drains, 201 | |
| Salt marshes, construction of embankment, 196 | |
| Salt marshes, dyke and ditch, (illustration), 197 | |
| Salt marshes, exclusion of the sea, 195 | |
| Salt marshes, how formed, 194 | |
| Salt marshes, inundations from upland , 201 | |
| Salt marshes, location and size of embankment, 195 | |
| Salt marshes, management of creeks, 198-200 | |
| Salt marshes, management of rivers, 201 | |
| Salt marshes, muskrats, 199 | |
| Salt marshes, outlet for under drainage, 204-205 | |
| Salt marshes, pumping, 206 | |
| Salt marshes, rain-fall and filtration, 204 | |
| Salt marshes, valve-gates and sluices, 204 | |
| Scraper for filling ditches, (illustration), 140 | |
| Seeds, germination of, 13 | |
| Sewage, use of in agriculture, 226 | |
| Sewers, defects of large, 228-238 | |
| Sewers, description of the London outfall, 225 | |
| Sewers, efficacy of glazed earthern pipes, 229-230-238 | |
| Sewers, experiments of Hale on pipe sewers, 230 | |
| Sewers, imperfect, 224 | |
| Sewers, of brick, defective, 228-235-238 | |
| Sewerage, conclusions of General Board of Health, 237 | |
| Sewerage, of New York, 227 | |
| Shrinkage of clay soils, 28 | |
| Sides of ditches in soft land, how braced, (illustration), 124 | |
| Silt, 90 | |
| Silt, basins, (illustrations), 121-135-136 | |
| Silt, basins, how made, 120 | |
| Silt, basins, 91-96-134 | |
| Silt, in tiles, 144 | |
| Sources of the water in the soil, 10 | |
| Springs, how to collect the water of, 59-60-141 | |
| Staking out the lines, 102 | |
| Staten Island, 209 | |
| Steam pumps, 206 | |
| Stone and tile drains, 142 | |
| Sub-mains, 59 |
| Teams used in opening ditches, 122 | |
| Temperature, 35-66 | |
| Temperature, affected by draining, 36 | |
| Tile laying, 127 | |
| Tile-pick, (illustration), 131 | |
| Tiles, and tile laying, cost of, 157 | |
| Tiles, capacity for discharging water, 84-86 | |
| Tiles, double-style, 80 | |
| Tiles, drain—essential characteristics, 22 | |
| Tiles, how made, 174 | |
| Tiles, horse-shoe, 78 | |
| Tiles, kinds and sizes, 77 | |
| Tiles, ordering, 82-101 | |
| Tiles, objections to large sizes, 147 | |
| Tiles, pipes and collars, 81 | |
| Tiles, rapidity with which they receive water, 78 | |
| Tiles, sizes of, 81 | |
| Tiles, sizes required for different areas, 88 | |
| Tiles, should be well formed, 83 | |
| Tiles, sole, 80 | |
| Tiles, trimming and perforating, 131 | |
| Tile making, material for, 174 | |
| Tile preparation of earths, 176 | |
| Tile rolling and drying, 182 | |
| Tile washing the clay, 177 | |
| Tobacco, 169 | |
| Tools required, 113 | |
| Town drainage, conclusions of General Board of Health, 237 |
| Undrained land not reliable for cultivation, 18 |
| Vermin as a cause of obstruction, 93 |
| Water, depth of, 66-70 | |
| Water, in the sub-soil, injurious effects of, 15 | |
| Water, movement of in the ground, 32-64-65 | |
| Water, objections to excess of, 11 | |
| Water, the best vehicle for removing ordure, 238 | |
| Water, when beneficial and when injurious, 24 | |
| Water-courses and brooks, how treated during draining operations, 117 | |
| Water-table, 22 | |
| Wind-mills, 206 | |
| Wheat, 164-167 |