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Footnote 1: The edition cited in the text is that of 1672.(back)

Footnote 2: This series, unlike the Calendars of State Papers, includes documents not preserved at the Record Office; it is often inaccurately cited as Calendar of State Papers, but the word "Calendar" does not appear in the title and it includes much besides State papers; such a description also tends to confuse it with the eleven volumes of Henry VIII.'s State papers published in extenso in 1830-51. The series now extends to Dec., 1544, and is cited in the text as L. and P.(back)

Footnote 3: Cited as Spanish Calendar; the volume completing Henry's reign was published in 1904.(back)

Footnote 4: Cited as Ven. Cal.; this correspondence diminishes in importance as the reign proceeds, and also, after 1530, the documents are epitomised afresh in L. and P.(back)

Footnote 5: Three series, viz., that edited by Thorp (2 vols., 1858), a second edited by Bain (2 vols., 1898) and the Hamilton Papers (2 vols., 1890-92).(back)

Footnote 6: Vol. i. of the Irish Calendar, and also of the Carew MSS.; see also the Calendar of Fiants published by the Deputy-Keeper of Records for Ireland.(back)

Footnote 7: Correspondance de MM. Castillon et Marillac, edited by Kaulek, and of Odet de Selve, 1888.(back)

Footnote 8: The most important of these is vol. i. of Lord Salisbury's MSS.; other papers of Henry VIII.'s reign are scattered up and down the Appendices to a score and more of reports.(back)

Footnote 9: E.g., Wriothesley's Chronicle, Chron. of Calais, and Greyfriars Chron.(back)

Footnote 10: E.g., Leadam, Domesday of Inclosures, and Transactions, passim.(back)

Footnote 11: Paderborn, 1893; cf. Engl. Hist. Rev., xix., 632-45.(back)

Footnote 12: Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries, 2 vols., 1888.(back)

Footnote 13: Of these the most important are Polydore Vergil (Basel, 1534), Hall's Chronicle (1548) and Fabyan's Chronicle (edited by Ellis, 1811). Holinshed and Stow are not quite contemporary, but they occasionally add to earlier writers on apparently good authority.(back)

Footnote 14: I have in this edition added references to those which seem most important; for a collected bibliography see Dr. Gairdner in Cambridge Modern History, ii., 789-94. I have also for the purpose of this edition added references to the original sources—a task of some labour when nearly every fact is taken from a different document. The text has been revised, some errors removed, and notes added on special points, especially those on which fresh light has recently been thrown.(back)

Footnote 15: In Lectures on Mediæval and Modern History, 1887.(back)

Footnote 16: Bainbridge, Wolsey, Fisher, Pole. Bainbridge was a cardinal after Julius II's own heart, and he received the red hat for military services rendered to that warlike Pope (Ven. Cal., ii., 104).(back)

Footnote 17: There were two Dukes of Norfolk, the second of whom was attainted, as was the Duke of Buckingham; the fourth Duke was Henry's brother-in-law, Suffolk.(back)

Footnote 18: Empson and Dudley.(back)

Footnote 19: "Sua cuique civitati religio est, nostra nobis." Cicero, Pro Flacco, 28; cf. E. Bourre, Des Inequalités de condition resultant de la religion en droit Romain, Paris, 1895.(back)

Footnote 20: Cf. Bishop Scory to Edward VI. in Strype, Eccl. Mem., II., ii., 482; Fortescue, ed. Plummer, pp. 137-142.(back)

Footnote 21: E.g., L. and P., i., 679.(back)

Footnote 22: Archæologia Cambrensis, 1st ser., iv., 267; 3rd ser., xv., 278, 379.(back)

Footnote 23: See the present writer in D.N.B., lii., 261.(back)

Footnote 24: Perkin was the first of Lady Catherine Gordon's four husbands; her second was James Strangways, gentleman-usher to Henry VIII., her third Sir Matthew Cradock (d. 1531), and her fourth Christopher Ashton, also gentleman-usher; she died in 1537 and was buried in Fyfield Church (L. and P., ii., 3512).(back)

Footnote 25: See the present writer in Dict. Nat. Biog., lxiii., 172.(back)

Footnote 26: Sp. Cal., i., No. 249; see below, p. 179.(back)

Footnote 27: There is no definite evidence that he had more.(back)

Footnote 28: Ven. Cal., i., 833.(back)

Footnote 29: Cf. Skelton, Works, ed. Dyce. vol. i., pp. ix-xi.(back)

Footnote 30: L. and P., Henry VII., i., 413-415; L. and P., Henry VIII., iv., 5791.(back)

Footnote 31: L. and P., i., 4871.(back)

Footnote 32: Fox's own statement, L. and P., iv., 5791.(back)

Footnote 33: Herbert gives Paolo Sarpi as his authority.(back)

Footnote 34: G.E.C [okayne], Complete Peerage, s.v. Cornwall.(back)

Footnote 35: L. and P., Henry VII., Rolls Ser., ii., 374.(back)

Footnote 36: Ib., i., 388-404; Paston Letters, iii., 384-85.(back)

Footnote 37: L. and P., Henry VII., ii., 57.(back)

Footnote 38: See the present writer in D.N.B., xlvi., 271.(back)

Footnote 39: An exception was made in the case of the late Duke of Edinburgh. It was designed if Henry VIII. had a second son, to make him Duke of York (L. and P., vii., 1364).(back)

Footnote 40: This is an anonymous portrait of Henry at the age of eighteen months or two years belonging to Sir Edmund and Lady Verney.(back)

Footnote 41: Erasmus, Epist., p. 1182; L. and P., iv., 5412.(back)

Footnote 42: This testimonial was written in 1528 before Henry VIII. had given the most striking demonstrations of its truth.(back)

Footnote 43: See D.N.B., i., 398. Erasmus, however, described André as being "of mean abilities" (L. and P., iv., 626).(back)

Footnote 44: D.N.B., xiv., 449; cf. L. and P., i., 513. On Henry VIII's accession D'Ewes was appointed keeper of the King's library at Richmond with a salary of £10 per year.(back)

Footnote 45: Skelton, Works, ed. Dyce, vol. i., p. xiii.; the white and green still survive as the colours of Jesus College, Oxford, founded by Queen Elizabeth.(back)

Footnote 46: Ib., p. xxi.; a copy of the latter, which Dyce could not find, is in Brit. Mus. Addit. MS. 26787.(back)

Footnote 47: Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 26787.(back)

Footnote 48: Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 19553.(back)

Footnote 49: F.M. Nichols, Epistles of Erasmus, i., 201.(back)

Footnote 50: Printed in 1500 at the end of Erasmus's Adagia.(back)

Footnote 51: F.M. Nichols, pp. 423-24; L. and P., iv., 5412.(back)

Footnote 52: Cotton MS., Vitellius, A., xvi., f. 172.(back)

Footnote 53: Hist. MSS. Comm., 5th Rep., App., p. 549.(back)

Footnote 54: L. and P., i., 4314.(back)

Footnote 55: L. and P., ii., 410, 4024.(back)

Footnote 56: Ven. Cal., ii., 780; L. and P., ii., 2401, 3455.(back)

Footnote 57: E.g., Add. MS. 31922.(back)

Footnote 58: The next prince to hold the title was Charles, afterwards Charles I., who was created Duke of York on 6th Jan., 1605.(back)

Footnote 59: Afterwards Queen of Portugal and then of France. L. and P., Henry VII., i., 285, 425.(back)

Footnote 60: Sp. Cal., i., 267.(back)

Footnote 61: L. and P., Henry VII., ii., 158; Ven. Cal., i., 867.(back)

Footnote 62: Sp. Cal., i., 458; L. and P., iv., 5791.(back)

Footnote 63: L. and P., Henry VII., i., 241-47; ii. 342-43.(back)

Footnote 64: Sp. Cal., Suppl., p. 23.(back)

Footnote 65: Cf. A.O. Meyer, Die Englische Diplomatie, Breslau, 1901.(back)

Footnote 66: The conclusion of the maxim utpote cum lege regia quae de imperio ejus lata est, populus ei et in eum omne suum imperium et potestatem conferat (Ulpian, Digest, I., iv., 1), was conveniently forgotten by apologists for absolutism, though the Tudors respected it in practice.(back)

Footnote 67: Hist. de France, ed. 1879, ix., 301.(back)

Footnote 68: Fortescue, Governance of England, ed. Plummer, 1885.(back)

Footnote 69: Magna Carta may almost be said to have been "discovered" by the parliamentary opponents of the Stuarts; and in discovering it, they misinterpreted several of its clauses such as the judicium parium. Allusion was, however, made to Magna Carta in the proceedings against Wolsey for Præmunire (Fox, vi., 43).(back)

Footnote 70: Ven Cal., ii., 336.(back)

Footnote 71: The Duke was Buckingham, and the Marquis was Dorset.(back)

Footnote 72: See a description of Ferdinand's court by John Stile, the English envoy, in L. and P., i., 490.(back)

Footnote 73: See the present writer's England under Protector Somerset, p. 38.(back)

Footnote 74: L. and P., Henry VII., i., 180, 233, 319.(back)

Footnote 75:L. and P., ii., 395.(back)

Footnote 76: Giustinian, Despatches, ii., 312; Ven. Cal., ii., 1287; L. and P., iii., 402.(back)

Footnote 77: F.M. Nichols, Epistles of Erasmus, i., 457.(back)

Footnote 78: Sp. Cal., ii., 4.(back)

Footnote 79: L. and P., i., 2, 12.(back)

Footnote 80: Cf. L. and P., i., 1004.(back)

Footnote 81: Sp. Cal., ii., 3.(back)

Footnote 82: Ibid., ii., 8, 15.(back)

Footnote 83: L. and P., i., 224.(back)

Footnote 84: L. and P., iv., 5774.(back)

Footnote 85: L. and P., vol. ii., p. 1461.(back)

Footnote 86: Sp. Cal., ii., 19.(back)

Footnote 87: Ibid., ii., 44, 45.(back)

Footnote 88: Ven. Cal., ii., 11.(back)

Footnote 89: L. and P., i., 811, 2082; ii., 114.(back)

Footnote 90: D.N.B., xx., 152.(back)

Footnote 91: Ven. Cal., ii., 63.(back)

Footnote 92: Sp. Cal., ii., 44.(back)

Footnote 93: He is a link in the hereditary chain which began with Beauforts, Dukes of Somerset and ended in Somersets, Dukes of Beaufort.(back)

Footnote 94: By Bergenroth in his prefaces to the Calendar of Spanish State Papers. He greatly exaggerates Ferdinand's influence.(back)

Footnote 95: Sp. Cal., ii., 12, 21; L. and P., i., 368.(back)

Footnote 96: Ibid., ii., 153, 159. The following pedigree may be useful for reference:—

Footnote 97: Ven. Cal., i., 941, 942, 945; ii., 1.(back)

Footnote 98: L. and P., i., 922, 932, 3333; Ven. Cal., ii., 5, 7, 9, 19-22, 28, 33, 39, 40, 45, 51.(back)

Footnote 99: Sp. Cal., ii., 23.(back)

Footnote 100: L. and P., i., 679.(back)

Footnote 101: Ven. Cal., ii., 16; L. and P., i., 1740.(back)

Footnote 102: L. and P., i., 1531.(back)

Footnote 103: Ibid., ii., 4688; Ven. Cal., ii., 178.(back)

Footnote 104: Sp. Cal., ii., 59.(back)

Footnote 105: L. and P., i., 1828.(back)

Footnote 106: Ven. Cal., ii., 177.(back)

Footnote 107: L. and P., i., 1980; Sp. Cal., ii., 59; Ven. Cal., ii., 122.(back)

Footnote 108: Ibid., ii., 159.(back)

Footnote 109: L. and P., i., 3243.(back)

Footnote 110: Ibid., i., 3352.(back)

Footnote 111: L. and P., i., 3298, 3355; Ven. Cal., ii., 198, 205. The financial accounts for the expedition are in L. and P., i., 3762.(back)

Footnote 112: Sp. Cal., ii., 68, 70, 72; cf. L. and P., i., 3350, 3356.(back)

Footnote 113: Sp. Cal., ii., 89, 118; L. and P., i., 3839.(back)

Footnote 114: Ibid., ii., 96, 101.(back)

Footnote 115: Sp. Cal., ii., 106.(back)

Footnote 116: Ibid., ii., 107.(back)

Footnote 117: Ibid., ii., 104.(back)

Footnote 118: Sp. Cal., ii., 70.(back)

Footnote 119: L. and P., i., 3325.(back)

Footnote 120: Ven. Cal., ii., 208, 234, 254, 283, 298. Bergenroth, in his zeal for Ferdinand, represents the Pope and not Ferdinand as being responsible for driving Venice into the arms of France.(back)

Footnote 121: L. and P., i., 3649, 3859-61. The league between Henry and Maximilian was concluded 5th April, 1513; Carroz ratified it on Ferdinand's behalf on 25th April, though Ferdinand had already signed a truce with France. A good instance of Ferdinand's duplicity may be found in Sp. Cal., ii., 104, 207; in the former he is asking for the hand of Renée for his grandson Ferdinand, in the latter he tells the Pope that the report that he had made this request was pure invention.(back)

Footnote 122: Sp. Cal., ii., 101.(back)

Footnote 123: Ib., ii., 118, 122.(back)

Footnote 124: Ib., ii., 125.(back)

Footnote 125: L. and P., i., 3356, 3451.(back)

Footnote 126: Ib., i., 3443.(back)

Footnote 127: L. and P., i., 3809, 3820.(back)

Footnote 128: Ib., i., 3977.(back)

Footnote 129: Ib., i., 4005; see also The War of 1512-13 (Navy Records Society) where the documents are printed in full.(back)

Footnote 130: L. and P., i., 3885, 3915. There are three detailed diaries of the campaign in L. and P., two anonymous (Nos. 4253, and 4306), and the other (No. 4284) by John Taylor, afterwards Master of the Rolls, for whom see the present writer in D.N.B., lv., 429; the original of his diary is in Cotton MS., Cleopatra, C., v. 64.(back)

Footnote 131: Ib., i., 4324, 4328-29.(back)

Footnote 132: Taylor's Diary.(back)

Footnote 133: Besides the English accounts referred to, see L. and P., i., 4401.(back)

Footnote 134: L. and P., i., 4431.(back)

Footnote 135: Ven. Cal., ii., 328.(back)

Footnote 136: L. and P., i., 4398; Ellis, Original Letters, 1st ser., i., 83.(back)

Footnote 137: L. and P., i., 4439, 4441, 4461; cf. popular ballads in Weber's Flodden Field, and La Rotta de Scocese (Bannatyne Club).(back)

Footnote 138: Ven. Cal., ii., 909; Sp. Cal., i., 137; L. and P., i., 4502, 4582.(back)

Footnote 139: Ven. Cal., ii., 340.(back)

Footnote 140: L. and P., i., 4864.(back)

Footnote 141: Ven. Cal., ii., 362.(back)

Footnote 142: L. and P., ii., 1991.(back)

Footnote 143: Ven. Cal., ii., 1287; Giustinian, Desp., App., ii., 309.(back)

Footnote 144: Sp. Cal., ii., 142.(back)

Footnote 145: Ib., ii., 201.(back)

Footnote 146: Ven. Cal., ii., 298; cf. L. and P., i., 3081.(back)

Footnote 147: In 1520 he described his title "King of France" as a title given him by others which was "good for nothing" (Ven. Cal., iii., 45). Its value consisted in the pensions he received as a sort of commutation.(back)

Footnote 148: Machiavelli, Opera, iv., 139.(back)

Footnote 149: Sp. Cal., ii., 138, 143; L. and P., i., 4511, 4560.(back)

Footnote 150: Sp. Cal., ii., 132.(back)

Footnote 151: Ibid., ii., 159.(back)

Footnote 152: Ibid., ii., 158, 163.(back)

Footnote 153: Ibid., ii., 131.(back)

Footnote 154: Sp. Cal., ii., 153.(back)

Footnote 155: Ibid., ii., 164; Ven. Cal., ii., 389, 391, 401, 405.(back)

Footnote 156: Sp. Cal., ii., 167.(back)

Footnote 157: L. and P., i., 4560.(back)

Footnote 158: Ibid., i., 5203.(back)

Footnote 159: Ven. Cal., ii., 295. Charles was fourteen, Mary eighteen years of age.(back)

Footnote 160: L. and P., ii., 3163.(back)

Footnote 161: Ven. Cal., ii., 406.(back)

Footnote 162: Sp. Cal., ii., 246.(back)

Footnote 163: L. and P., i., 4864.(back)

Footnote 164: Ven. Cal., ii., 505.(back)

Footnote 165: Ibid., ii., 372.(back)

Footnote 166: Ibid., ii., 505; L. and P., i., 5173, 5278.(back)

Footnote 167: Ven. Cal., ii., 383.(back)

Footnote 168: L. and P., i., 5305; Ven. Cal., ii., 482, 483.(back)

Footnote 169: Ven. Cal., ii., 495.(back)

Footnote 170: Ibid., ii., 532, 542.(back)

Footnote 171: Sp. Cal., ii., 192; L. and P., i., 5637.(back)

Footnote 172: Sp. Cal., ii., 201. A Venetian reports that the English were so enraged that they would have killed Carroz had it not been for Henry (Ven. Cal., ii., 248), and Carroz was actually placed in confinement.(back)

Footnote 173: L. and P., i., 5718; Ven. Cal., ii., 464.(back)

Footnote 174: L. and P., i., 5319.(back)

Footnote 175: Ibid., i., 4499, 4921.(back)

Footnote 176: Cf. Ven. Cal., ii., 695; L. and P., ii., 1380. Giustinian complains that Wolsey "never said what he meant but the reverse of what he intended to do" (Ibid., ii., 3081). This perhaps is no great crime in a diplomatist.(back)

Footnote 177: L. and P., i., 5110, 5121. Henry's request that Leo should make Wolsey a Cardinal was not made till 12th Aug., 1514 (L. and P., i., 5318), at least six months after Wolsey had instructed Pace to negotiate for that honour.(back)

Footnote 178: Ven. Cal., ii., 582.(back)

Footnote 179: L. and P., i., 4953.(back)

Footnote 180: L. and P., i., 5203.(back)

Footnote 181: Ven. Cal., ii., 499, 500.(back)

Footnote 182: Ibid., ii., 511.(back)

Footnote 183: L. and P., i., 5470.(back)

Footnote 184: Ibid., ii., 227.(back)

Footnote 185: L. and P., i., 4386.(back)

Footnote 186: Ibid., i., 4405.(back)

Footnote 187: Ven. Cal., ii., 464. He had made contracts with three different ladies, but had not actually married them all. See below, p. 199 and D.N.B., s.v. "Brandon".(back)

Footnote 188: L. and P., ii., 134, 138, 163.(back)

Footnote 189: Ven. Cal., ii., 574.(back)

Footnote 190: L. and P., ii., 70, 85, 114.(back)

Footnote 191: Ven. Cal., ii., 594; L. and P., ii., 124.(back)

Footnote 192: L. and P., ii., 80, Suffolk to Henry VIII. This letter is placed under January in the Calendar, but it was obviously written about 6th March, 1514-15.(back)

Footnote 193: L. and P., ii., 224.(back)

Footnote 194: L. and P., ii., 228.(back)

Footnote 195: Ibid., ii., 367.(back)

Footnote 196: Ibid., ii., 367, 226. The letters relating to this episode in L. and P. are often undated and sometimes misplaced; e.g., this last is placed under March, although from Nos. 295, 296, 319, 327, 331, we find that Mary did not leave Paris till 16th April.(back)

Footnote 197: L. and P., ii., 468.(back)

Footnote 198: Ven. Cal., ii., 618.(back)

Footnote 199: Ven. Cal., ii., 638.(back)

Footnote 200: L. and P., ii., 436.(back)

Footnote 201: Brewer's view is that Wolsey saved Suffolk from ruin on this occasion.(back)

Footnote 202: Ven. Cal., ii., 919.(back)

Footnote 203: L. and P., ii., 4057, 4308; iii., 1.(back)

Footnote 204: Sp. Cal., ii., 246.(back)

Footnote 205: L. and P., ii., 1281.(back)

Footnote 206: Ibid., ii., 411; Giustinian, Desp., i., 90; Ven. Cal., ii., 624.(back)

Footnote 207: Ven. Cal., ii., 652(back)

Footnote 208: L. and P., i., 4483, 4502; ii., 654.(back)

Footnote 209: It was said by the Scots Estates that she had forfeited her claim to their custody by her marriage with Angus (ibid., ii., 1011).(back)

Footnote 210: L. and P., ii., 1065.(back)

Footnote 211: Ibid., ii., 1817.(back)

Footnote 212: Ibid., ii., 1231.(back)

Footnote 213: Ibid., ii., 1877.(back)

Footnote 214: L. and P., ii., 1697, 1699, 1721, 1729, 1736, 1754, 1831, 2011, 2034, 2114.(back)

Footnote 215: Ibid., ii., 1877.(back)

Footnote 216: Ibid., ii., 2152, 1892, 1896, 2034, 2035.(back)

Footnote 217: L. and P., ii., 1231, 1792, 1854.(back)

Footnote 218: Ibid., ii., 1877.(back)

Footnote 219: Ibid., ii., 1817.(back)

Footnote 220: Ibid., ii., 1566, 1567.(back)

Footnote 221: Ibid., ii., 1775.(back)

Footnote 222: Ibid., ii., 1813.(back)

Footnote 223: Ibid., ii., 2177.(back)

Footnote 224: L. and P., ii., 2270.(back)

Footnote 225: Ibid., ii., 1814, 2487, 2500.(back)

Footnote 226: Ven. Cal., ii., 750, 798, 801; L. and P., ii., 2183.(back)

Footnote 227: L. and P., ii., 2205.(back)

Footnote 228: On 23rd Jan. (L. and P., ii., 1541, 1610). Brewer in his introduction to vol. ii. of the L. and P. says "in February".(back)

Footnote 229: His mother Juaña was rightfully Queen, but she was regarded as mad; she thought her husband, the Archduke Philip, might come to life again, and carried him about in a coffin with her wherever she went (Ven. Cal., ii., 564).(back)

Footnote 230: L. and P., ii., 2930.(back)

Footnote 231: L. and P., ii., 2303, 2327, 2387; Ven. Cal., ii., 769, 773.(back)

Footnote 232: L. and P., ii., 2406, 2573, 2626, 2702.(back)

Footnote 233: Ibid., ii., 2930.(back)

Footnote 234: L. and P., ii., 2891.(back)

Footnote 235: Ibid., ii., 2923, 2940.(back)

Footnote 236: Ibid., ii., 2910.(back)

Footnote 237: Ibid., ii., 2930.(back)

Footnote 238: Ibid., ii., 2632, 3008; Monumenta Habsburgica, ii., 37.(back)

Footnote 239: L. and P., ii., 3076, 3077, 3081.(back)

Footnote 240: L. and P., ii., 3402, 3439-41.(back)

Footnote 241: Ven. Cal., ii., 918; L. and P., ii., 3455, 3462.(back)

Footnote 242: L. and P., ii., 3705.(back)

Footnote 243: Ibid., ii., 4022.(back)

Footnote 244: Ibid., ii., 4164, 4188.(back)

Footnote 245: L. and P., ii., 4047.(back)

Footnote 246: Ibid., ii., 4348.(back)

Footnote 247: Chosroes I. (Nushirvan) of Persia.(back)

Footnote 248: Ven. Cal., ii., 1085, 1088; cf. Shakespeare, Henry VIII.(back)

Footnote 249: L. and P., ii., 4468, 4483, 4564, 4669.(back)

Footnote 250: Ibid., ii., 4540.(back)

Footnote 251: Ibid., ii., 4172.(back)

Footnote 252: L. and P., ii., 4159.(back)

Footnote 253: Ibid., ii., 1923.(back)

Footnote 254: Ibid., ii., 1398, 1878, 1902, 2218, 2911, 4257.(back)

Footnote 255: Cf. W. Boehm, Hat Kaiser Maximilian I. im Jahre 1511 Papst werden wollen? 1873.(back)

Footnote 256: For details of the sums promised to the various German princes see L. and P., iii., 36, etc.; it has been said that there was really little or no bribery at this election.(back)

Footnote 257: Ven. Cal., ii., 1165, 1187; L. and P., ii., 4159; iii., 130.(back)

Footnote 258: Sp. Cal., ii., 267.(back)

Footnote 259: L. and P., iii., 149.(back)

Footnote 260: Ven. Cal., ii., 1227.(back)

Footnote 261: Ibid., ii., 1246.(back)

Footnote 262: Ibid., ii., 1163.(back)

Footnote 263: L. and P., iii., 137.(back)

Footnote 264: Ibid., ii., 2911.(back)

Footnote 265: Ven. Cal., ii., 1220.(back)

Footnote 266: L. and P., ii., 241.(back)

Footnote 267: Ven. Cal., ii., 1227.(back)

Footnote 268: L. and P., iii., 326.(back)

Footnote 269: L. and P., iii., 339.(back)

Footnote 270: L. and P., ii., 3054.(back)

Footnote 271: Sp. Cal., ii., 80, 89, 167, 175.(back)

Footnote 272: Ven. Cal., ii., 1287; Giustinian, Desp., ii., App., 309; L. and P., iii., 402.(back)

Footnote 273: These details are from the King's "Book of Payments" calendared at the end of L. and P., vol. ii.(back)

Footnote 274: L. and P., i., 4417.(back)

Footnote 275: Ibid., ii., 4115.(back)

Footnote 276: L. and P., i., 3876, 4283.(back)

Footnote 277: Arch. R. Soc. Rom., xix., 3, 4.(back)

Footnote 278: L. and P., i., 5543.(back)

Footnote 279: Ven. Cal., ii., 53-54, 361; L. and P., i., 976, 4621.(back)

Footnote 280: Ibid., ii., 887, 967.(back)

Footnote 281: Ibid., ii., 1456, 1928; iii., 1369.(back)

Footnote 282: L. and P., iii., 125; Giustinian, Desp., ii., 256.(back)

Footnote 283: L. and P., iii., 125. Men were shocked when the Pope was styled "comes" instead of "princeps confederationis" of 1518. "The chief author of these proceedings," says Giustinian, "is Wolsey, whose sole aim is to procure incense for his king and himself" (Desp. ii., 256).(back)

Footnote 284: Ven. Cal., ii. 1287.(back)

Footnote 285: L. and P., ii., 1380.(back)

Footnote 286: Ibid., ii., 3558.(back)

Footnote 287: Cf. Ven. Cal., ii., 671, 875, 894.(back)

Footnote 288: L. and P., ii., 4438.(back)

Footnote 289: Ibid., ii., 4664. On other occasions Wolsey took it upon himself to open letters addressed to the King (Ibid., iii., 2126).(back)

Footnote 290: Ven. Cal., ii., 1215.(back)

Footnote 291: It will be found in Ven. Cal., iii., p. 43; Shakespeare, Henry VIII., Act III., Sc. ii.(back)