2. Convention Nationale, see Introduction, § 10.
Page 82.
1. quand je devrais tout y perdre, though I may be
destined to lose all by it.
2. vendre des régiments, compare with the purchase of Hessian regiments by the British government in our Revolutionary war.
Page 83.
1. les paysans, see Introduction, §§ 15-20.
Page 84.
1. tonneau, cask; to be filled with wood ashes from
which lye was made.
2. Il s'agit; it was a question of, or the work consisted in.
3. Sans-Culottes, lit., "without breeches" (knickerbockers), means "ragamuffin;" it was derisively applied to some of the Revolutionists who wore pantaloons, as small clothes were the dress of the Aristocracy.
4. si vous partiez, if you went away.
Page 85.
1. on vous considère beaucoup, people think a great
deal of you.
2. les gens de bien, all good people.
Page 87.
1. ne ... que plus tard, not ... till later.
2. cela semblait devoir durer, it seemed as if that must last.
Page 88.
1. ils voient les hommes en grand, they see great
possibilities in mankind.
2. de pareilles gens, such people; i.e. the Republicans.
3. de la part de, from; customary with lettre.
Page 89.
1. se, one another.
2. allemand de Saxe, German of the province of Saxony; i.e., good German as opposed to the dialect which Fritzel heard in Anstatt.
3. Mayence, the German fortified city Maintz on the Rhine.
Page 90.
1. Palatinat, Hundsrück; the border country between
France and Germany. Anstatt was one of the villages in this
region.
2. en, as.
3. Trèves, the German city Trier, on the Moselle.--Spire, the German city Speyer, on the Rhine.
Page 91.
1. renversé, who had fallen back.
Page 92.
1. anciens, former.
Page 93.
1. il n'y aura que la route de pénible, the only painful
thing will be the journey on the road.
Page 95.
1. ce qui finissait de m'abreuver d'amertume,
freely, what filled my cup of bitterness to the brim.
2. dans les siècles des siècles, for ever and ever.
3. se, for herself.
Page 96.
1. avaient pour deux liards, cf. page 48, note 1.
2. kougelreiter: "long cavalry pistols," "horse pistols."
Page 98.
1. ses connaissances, what he knows.
2. des entrailles, of my heart.
Page 100.
1. bois de lit, foot-board.
Page 101.
1. Sauf votre respect, with due respect, or begging
your pardon.
Page 103.
1. il aura demandé, he must have asked.
2. le garde forestier, the forester.
3. comme pas un contrebandier, as no smuggler knew it; i.e. better than any smuggler.
Page 104.
1. en, for it.
Page 105.
1. que, omit.
2. Donc, so.
3. Le 8 nivôse, 28 December.
4. an II, 1793. See Introduction, § 9.
Page 106.
1. d'honnête homme, as an honest man.
Page 107.
1. Trois Maisons, probably some small village on
the road.
2. Orangerie, probably a residence occupied by officers.
3. Conventionnels, members of the Convention, like our congressmen.
Page 108.
1. nationalité, had Dr. Wagner taken service in
the French army he would have been guilty of treason.
2. Il écrivit ... au bout de la table, he went to the end of the table and wrote.
Page 110.
1. Adjugé, taken; a word used at auctions to indicate
that the bidder accepts an article at the price named.
Page 111.
1. A la baïonnette, charge bayonets.
2. feu de charbonnière, charcoal burner's fire; the charbonnière is the place where charcoal is being made, and the allusion is to the crackling of the fire in the big heaps of brush.
3. La Marseillaise, the French national hymn alluded to on page 16, line 29, where it is not expressly named. An interesting history of this air is given by Karl Blind in The Nineteenth Century for July, 1901, No. 283, page 93. Roget de l'Isle, the author of the song, was in Strasburg and was asked to write words and music for a war song in honor of the volunteers who were marching to battle from the city. He wrote the words, for his music he adapted the Credo of the Mass from a composition written in 1776 by Holzmann, Kapellmeister to the Elector of the Palatinate.
4. au pas de course, double quick.
5. quitter la partie, to give up.
Page 112.
1. couper, applied to the ordinary minor operations;
trancher, to amputations made because the injured members
could not be saved; amputer, to the usual amputations made
to save the lives of the wounded.
Page 116.
1. il a l'air bon enfant, he looks like a good fellow.
Page 117.
1. 1er, read premier.
2. encore, more.
3. ventre à terre, cf. page 12, note 2.
Words identical in form and meaning in French and English, as well as a few others the meanings of which are evident, have been purposely omitted.
A
à, to, toward, at, in, for, with, of, by, from, on; as; about, against.
abaisser, to put down, lower; s'--, to lower, be lowered, stoop.
abandonné, -e, abandoned, left.
abandonner, to abandon, quit, leave, desert.
abattre, to beat, knock down; discourage.
abeille, f., bee.
abolir, to abolish, repeal.
abonner (s'), to subscribe (à, for).
abord, m., access, approach; d'--, at first; besides.
aboyer, to bark.
abreuver, to water, saturate; overwhelm.
abreuvoir, m., horse-pond.
absolu, -e, absolute, despotic.
absolument, absolutely.
accabler, to overwhelm, load with.
accepter, to accept, receive.
accompagner, to accompany.
accomplir, to effect, finish, complete, perform.
accord, m., agreement; d'--, harmonious, agreed.
accrocher, to hang (up).
accroupi, -e, crouching, seated.
accuser, to accuse.
acheminer (s'), to journey, proceed.
acheter, to buy.
achever, to finish; kill.
acte, m., document, certificate.
acti-f, -ve, active.
action, f., act; battle.
adieu, m., goodby, farewell.
adjugé, -e, gone! (at auctions), taken!
admirer, to admire.
adopter, to adopt.
adresse, f., address, skill; speech.
adresser, to address; s'-- à, to address oneself to.
affaire, f., thing, affair, matter, business.
affaisser (s'), to sink, give way.
affamé, -e, famished.
affection, f., love, attachment.
affreu-x, -se, frightful.
afin que, in order that.
âge, m., age.
agenouiller (s'), to kneel.
agir, to act, do; il s'agit (de), the problem is, we must.
agiter, to move, disturb; s'--, to move, writhe, struggle.
aide, m., helper; f., aid.
aider, to help.
aigu, -ë, piercing, sharp.
aiguille, f., needle; travaux d'--, needlework.
aile, f., wing.
ailleurs, elsewhere, otherwise; d'--, besides.
aimer, to love; -- mieux, to prefer.
aîné, -e, elder; m., elder (brother, &c.).
ainsi, thus, so; -- de suite, and so forth; pour -- dire, so to speak; -- que, as well as.
air, m., air; tune, manner; look; en l'--, astir, upward; grand --, open air; avoir l'--, to seem, appear; d'un --, in a manner; les yeux en l'--, looking upward.
aise, f., ease.
ajouter, to add.
alentour, around, about; d'--, neighboring.
aligné, -e, in a straight line.
aligner, to range, station.
allée, f., passageway, entry.
Allemand, m., German.
allemand, -e, German; m., German (man); en --, in German.
Allemande, f., German woman.
Allemagne, f., Germany.
aller, to go; -- (+ inf.), to be on the point of; s'en --, to depart; -- mieux, to be or get better; -- de mieux en mieux, to get better and better; comment va? how is? allons, come! well! -- coucher, to go to bed.
allongé, -e, elongated.
allonger, to stretch, quicken; -- se jambes, to exert oneself; s'--, to stretch.
allumer, to light.
almanach, m., almanac.
alors, then.
alouette, f., lark.
alsacien, -ne, Alsatian.
Altenberg, name of a local hill.
amasser, to heap up, amass.
amateur, m., lover, admirer.
ambulance, f., field hospital, ambulance wagon.
âme, f., soul, mind.
amener, to bring.
am-er, -ère, bitter; sad, painful.
amertume, f., bitterness; grief.
ami, m., friend.
amical, -e, friendly, kind.
amour, m. love; -- propre, self-respect.
amputer, to cut off, amputate.
amusement, m., entertainment.
amuser (s'), to amuse oneself, have a good time.
an, m., year.
ancien, -ne, old, former; l'--, old fellow.
anguleu-x, -se, angular.
animer, to give life, liven; s'--, to cheer up, grow animated.
année, f., year.
annoncer, to announce, inform.
apaiser, to soothe, pacify, calm; s'--, to be calmed, grow quiet.
apercevoir, to perceive, see; s'--, to be aware, notice.
apôtre, m., apostle.
apparaître, to appear.
appartenir, to belong (to).
appeler, to call; s'--, to be named, one's name is.
appétit, m., appetite.
applaudir, to applaud.
apporter, to bring.
apprendre, to learn, teach.
apprêter, to prepare.
approche, f., approach, coming.
approcher (and s'), (de), to approach; tr., draw up.
approuver, to approve, nod assent.
appuyé, -e, leaning.
appuyer, to lay stress on; s'--, to emphasize; lean (on).
après, after, afterward; next to.
après-midi, m., afternoon.
à-propos, m., fitness.
aquilin, -e, hooked, aquiline.
arbre, m., tree.
arche, short for marche, forward march!
ardoise, f., slate.
arête, f., fishbone; en --s, in sharp outlines.
argent, m., silver; money.
aristocrate, m., aristocrat.
arme, f., arm, weapon, gun; l'-- au bras, supporting arms.
armée, f., army.
armoire, f., closet.
arranger, to arrange.
arrêté, -e, resolved upon, fixed upon.
arrêter, to stop; s'--, to stop, stand still.
arrière, behind, backward; en --, back(ward).
arrivée, f., coming, arrival.
arriver, to arrive, come, keep, have come; happen; en arrivant, after arriving; il t'arrive de, you chance to.
arrondir, to make round, round.
assemblé, -e, assembled.
assemblée, f., gathering; parliament.
assembler, to unite, collect.
asseoir, to set, seat; s'--, to take a seat.
assez, enough, rather; bien --, quite enough.
assiette, f., plate.
assiettée, f., plateful.
assignat, m., paper money of the French Revolution.
assis, -e, seated.
assistant, m., person present.
assommer, to knock down.
assoupir (s'), to grow drowsy, fall asleep.
assurer, to assure.
âtre, m., fireplace.
attacher, to fasten, tie; s'--, to hold to.
attaque, f., attack.
attaquer, to attack.
attelage, m., team, teams.
attendre, to wait for, await; s'--, (à), to expect, count on.
attendri, -e, moved, affected.
attendrir, to move, affect; s'--, to be moved, grow tender.
attendrissement, m., tenderness; emotion.
attenti-f, -ve, attentive.
attirer, to draw, incite.
attrape, f., trap.
attraper, to catch, receive.
attrister, to make sad.
au, contraction for à le, to the, &c.
auberge, f., inn.
aubergiste, m., inn-keeper.
aucun, -e, any; no, not any.
audace, f., boldness.
audacieu-x, -se, daring, imprudent.
au-dessous (de), below, under; from below.
au-dessus (de), above.
augmenter, to increase.
aujourd'hui, to-day.
auparavant, before, first.
auprès (de), near by, close to, about.
auquel, for à lequel.
aussi, also, too; so, as; -- que, as ... as.
aussitôt, at once; -- que, as soon as.
autant, as much; -- que, as much as, as many as; d'-- plus que, so much the more so.
automne, m., autumn.
autour (de), around.
autre, other; l'--, the other; les --s, the others.
autrefois, formerly, once.
autrement, otherwise.
autrichien, -ne, Austrian.
auxquelles, for à lesquelles.
avaler, to swallow.
avance, f., projection; d'--, beforehand.
avancer, to advance, bring forward, s'--, to proceed, get on, advance.
avant, prep., before; adv., forward, before; en --, forward.
avantage, m., advantage, benefit.
avant-hier, day before yesterday.
avant-poste, m., outpost.
avare, m., miser.
avec, with.
avenir, m., future; à l'--, in the future.
aveugle, m. or f., blind person.
aveuglement, m., blindness.
avis, m., opinion, notice.
avoir, to have; keep; -- raison, to be right; -- tort, to be wrong; -- l'air, to seem; -- peur, to be afraid; -- faim, to be hungry; -- froid, to be cold; -- six ans, to be six years old; -- sommeil, to be sleepy; -- inquiétude, to be anxious; il y a, there is, there are; il y a trois jours, three days ago.
avoir, m., possessions.
avouer, to confess, admit.
ayant, pres. act. part. of avoir.
B
baguette, f., drumstick.
bâiller, to yawn.
baïonnette, f., bayonet; à la --, charge bayonets.
baiser, m., kiss.
baiser, to kiss.
baissé, -e, lowered.
baisser, to lower; se --, to stoop.
balai, m., broom.
balancer, to swing, flicker, move back and forth; se --, to swing, flicker.
balayer, to sweep.
balle, f., bullet.
bande, f., band, company; string, strip.
bandeau, m., bandage.
bandit, m., robber, vagabond.
baptême, m., christening.
baquet, m., trough, tub, bucket.
baraque, f., shed, hovel.
barbare, savage, rude.
barricader, to barricade.
barrière, f., barrier.
bas, -se, low, here below.
bas, m., lower part; stocking; en --, down stairs; du haut en --, from head to foot.
bas, adv., down, low; in a low tone; with a low ceiling.
bataille, f., battle, fight; livrer --, to fight a battle.
bataillon, m., battalion.
bâtir, to build; se --, to be built.
bâton, m., staff, stick.
battement, m., beating.
batterie, f., fight; battery.
battre, to beat, strike; se --, to fight; -- en retraite, to beat a retreat.
béant, -e, wide open.
beau or bel, belle, beautiful; lofty, noble; d'une belle, luckily; en --, on the bright side.
beaucoup, much, a great many, very.
bel, belle, see beau.
béni, -e, blessed.
bénir, to bless.
besoin, m., need, want; avoir -- de, to need, want; au --, in case of need.
bête, silly, stupid.
bête, f., animal.
bien, m., good; property.
bien, well, quite, fully; really, of course, to be sure; else; eh --, well! -- de, much, many; ou --, or (emphatic).
bienheureu-x, -se, happy; m., happy person.
bientôt, soon.
bique, f., mare.
bizarre, odd, strange.
blanc, -he, white; vin --, Rhine wine.
blanchir, to whiten, bleach.
blessé, -e, wounded.
blessure, f., wound, injury.
bleu, m., blue.
bleu, -e, blue.
bleuâtre, bluish.
blond, -e, fair, light; m., fair person.
boeuf, m., ox.
boire, to drink; -- un coup, to take a drink.
bois, m., wood, forest; stick; de --, wooden.
boisé, -e, wooded.
boisson, m., drink.
boîte, f., box, mail box.
boiter, to limp.
bon, -ne, good, favorable; à la bonne heure, good!
bond, m., leap, bound.
bondir, to leap.
bonheur, m., happiness, good fortune; avoir du --, to be lucky.
bonhomme, m., easy going man, "easy mark."
bonjour, m., good morning.
bonnement, plainly, simply.
bonnet, m., cap.
bonsoir, m., good evening.
bonté, f., goodness, kindness.
bord, m., edge; au --, on the edge.
botte, f., boot; bale.
bouche, f., mouth.
boucher, m., butcher.
boucle, f., buckle, curl.
boue, f., mud, mire.
boueu-x, -se, muddy.
bouffée, f., puff, whiff.
bouger, to stir, move.
bouillir, to boil.
bouillon, m., soup, broth; prendre un --, take a dish of broth.
boule, f., ball.
boulet, m., bullet.
bouleversement, m., overthrow.
bouleverser, tr., to overthrow, distort.
bourdonnement, m., buzzing, hum, murmur.
bourgeois, m., citizen.
bourgmestre, m., burgomaster, mayor.
bourrer, to stuff, fill.
bout, m., end; au -- de, at the edge of, on the point of; au -- d'un instant, after a short delay.
bouteille, f., bottle.
braise, f., live coal.
brancard, m., litter, stretcher.
branche, f., branch, bough.
brandir, to swing.
bras, m., arm, shaft (of a cart); -- dessus, -- dessous, arm in arm.
brave, true, honest, good, kind, noble.
bref, brève, short, sharp; adv., in short.
bretelle, f., suspenders.
bride, f., rein, bridle.
brigand, m., robber.
briller, to shine.
brillant, -e, bright.
brin, m., blade, sprig.
brindille, f., sprig, twig.
brisé, -e, broken.
briser (se), to be broken.
broche, f., spit.
broder, to embroider.
broderie, f., embroidery.
bruit, m., noise, report, talk.
brûler, tr., to burn.
brun, m., dark person.
brun, -e, swarthy, dark.
brusque, adj., abrupt, gruff.
brusquement, adv., gruffly, abruptly.
brutaliser, to treat brutally.
brutalité, f., brutality.
bruyère, f., briar, heath.
buanderie, f., laundry.
bûcher, m., woodhouse.
bûcheron, m., woodcutter.
buffleterie, f., straps of a drum.
buveur, m., drinker.
buvais, see boire.
C
ça, that; now, here.
cabaret, m., wineshop, inn.
cabaretier, m., innkeeper.
cacher, to hide.
cachet, m., seal.
cacheter, to seal.
cadavre, m., corpse.
café, m., coffee.
cafetière, f., coffee pot.
cahoter, to jerk, jolt.
caillé, -e, curdled.
caisse, f., box; drum.
caisson, m., ammunition wagon.
calme, m., stillness, quiet.
camarade, m., comrade.
camisole, f., dressing gown, knit jacket.
campagne, f., field, country; campaign; de --, country.
caniche, m. or adj., French poodle.
canon, m., cannon.
canonnier, m., gunner.
capacité, f., ability.
capitaine, m., captain.
caporal, m., corporal.
car, for, as, because.
caractère, m., character, disposition.
carafe, f., water bottle.
caresser, to caress.
carré, m., square.
carte, f., card, ticket; map.
cartouche, f., cartridge.
casaquin, m., short gown.
casser, to break.
casserole, f., saucepan.
cassine, f., hovel.
catechisme, m., catechism.
cause, f., cause, motive; à -- de, because of.
causer, to cause, talk.
cavalerie, f., cavalry.
cavalier, m., horseman.
cave, f., cave, cellar.
ce, cet, cette, ces, this, that, these, those.
ce for cela, it, that, he, she, they.
ceci, this.
cela, that; sans --, otherwise.
célébrer, to praise, celebrate.
céleste, heavenly.
celui, celle, ceux, celles, this, that, these, those.
celui-ci, celle-ci, ceux-ci, celles-ci, this, these.
celui-là, celle-là, ceux-là, celles-là, that, those; the former.
cendre, f., ashes.
cent, hundred.
centaine, f., a hundred.
cependant, however, nevertheless.
cercle, m., circle.
cerf, m., deer.
certain, -e, sure, positive.
cervelle, f., brain.
cesse, f., ceasing; sans --, constantly.
cesser, to cease.
cet, cette, see ce.
ceux, see celui.
chacun, -e, each, every; each one.
chagrin, m., sorrow.
chaîne, f., chain, line.
chair, f., flesh.
chaise, f., chair.
chambre, f., room.
champ, m., field; aux --s, in the fields.
chance, f., chance, good luck; opportunity.
chandelier, m., candlestick.
chandelle, f., candle.
changement, m., change.
changer, to alter, change.
chanson, m., song.
chant, m., song.
chanter, to sing, crow.
chapeau, m., hat; -- à cornes, three cornered hat, cocked hat.
chapitre, m., chapter.
chaque, each, every.
charbonnière, f., charcoal kiln; embers.
charge, f., load, armful; onset, charge; à la --, by storm.
chargé, -e, loaded, supplied.
charger, to load; charge.
charrette, f., wagon, cart.
charrue, f., plow.
chasser, to hunt; drive away, drive, expel.
chasseur, m., soldier in the light infantry.
châssis, m., window sash.
chaud, -e, hot.
chef, m., chief, commander; -- de bataillon, major.
chemin, m., way, road; -- de traverse, crossroad, short cut; -- de voiture, carriage road; grand --, main road, highway.
cheminée, f., fireplace, mantlepiece.
chemise, f., shirt, night dress.
chêne, m., oak.
ch-er, -ère, dear; dearly.
chercher, to seek, search for.
cherubin, m., cherub.
cheval, m., horse; à --, on horseback.
chevaucher, to ride.
chevelure, f., head of hair, hair.
cheveu, m., (a) hair; les --x, the hair.
chez, at, to, to or in(to) ...'s house or room; -- nous, our home.
chien, m., dog.
chirurgien, m., surgeon.
choisir, to choose.
choix, m., choice.
chose, f., thing, matter; -- future, coming event.
chou, m., cabbage.
choucroute, f., sauer kraut.
ciel, m., heaven, sky.
cinq, five.
cinquante, fifty.
circonstance, f., circumstance.
cire, f., wax.
citoyen, m., -ne, f., citizen.
clair, -e, clear, bright.
clairement, clearly.
claquer, to crack, break, snap.
classe, f., class; school.
clergé, m., clergy.
cligner, to blink, wink.
clin, m., wink, twinkling; -- d'un oeil, instant.
cliquetis, m., rattling.
clochette, f., sleighbell.
clos, -e, closed; nuit --e, dark.
clou, m., nail.
clouer, to nail, pin.
coeur, m., heart; feeling, inclination; de bon --, heartily; avoir bon --, to be affectionate; si le -- vous en dit, if you wish some, if you like it; en avoir le -- net, to get the facts.
cognac, m., brandy.
coiffé, -e (de), wearing (on the head).
coin, m., corner; au -- de l'horloge, in the corner where the clock is.
collet, m., collar; au --, by the collar.
colline, f., hill.
colombier, m., pigeon loft.
colonne, f., column.
combat, m., fight.
combattre, to fight.
combien, how much, how many; à --, how far; -- de fois, how often.
comble, m., summit, height; de fond en --, from top to bottom.
comique, funny.
commandant, m., major.
commandement, m., order.
commander, to command, order.
comme, like, as, so, as if, how, so much; since, because.
commencer, to begin.
comment, how, in what manner, in which.
commercer, to drive a bargain.
commère, f., old woman, gossip.
commission, f., errand.
commode, comfortable, convenient.
commun, -e, common, communal; maison --e, town hall.
communal, -e, communal, belonging to the town.
commune, f., village, town.
compagnie, f., company, society.
compagnon, m., companion.
complètement, completely.
comprendre, to understand.
compte, m., account; recevoir son --, to be dead, have one's account settled; tenir -- de, to heed.
compter, to count, reckon, include.
comte, m., count.
concasser, to break, smash.
concerner, to concern, relate to.
concevoir, to imagine.
concorde, f., harmony.
conducteur, m., leader.
conduire, to conduct, lead, drive, take, guide; se --, to behave oneself.
conduite, f. conduct; management, leadership; faire la --, to escort.
conférence, f., conference.
confiance, f., confidence, security.
confier, to entrust.
confisquer, to confiscate.
confondre, to confuse, overwhelm, overcome; se --, to mingle with one another.
confus, -e, confused, mixed, ashamed.
connaissance, f., knowledge, acquaintance, senses; friendship.
connaître, to know, be acquainted with; se --, to be an expert.
connu, -e, known.
conquérir, to conquer.
conseil, m., counsel, advice; council chamber; -- de guerre, court martial.
conseiller, m., alderman, selectman; to advise.
consentir, to agree, consent.
conserver, to keep.
considérable, considerable, of consequence, notable.
considération, m., consideration.
considérer, to consider, esteem.
consigne, f., orders, instructions.
consommation, f., consummation.
constater, to prove, ascertain.
consterner, to strike with consternation.
contempler, to gaze upon, view.
content, -e, satisfied, pleased.
contenter (se), (de), to be satisfied.
continuer, to keep on, continue.
contraire, m. or adj., opposite, contrary; au --, on the contrary.
contrairement, contrarily, contrary.
contre, against, contrary to, for.
contrebandier, m., smuggler.
convaincre, to convince; se --, to be convinced.
convenir, to agree, suit.
conventionnel, m., member of the National Assembly.
convertir, to convert; se --, to be converted.
convive, m., guest.
coq, m., rooster.
corbeau, m., crow.
corne, f., horn; chapeau à --s, cocked hat.
corps, m., body.
côte, f., hill, declivity; rib.
côté, m., side; à --, at the side, near by, in comparison with; de l'autre --, on the other side; du -- de, in the direction of; de son --, in his turn, on his part, on his side.
coton, m., cotton.
cou, m., neck.
coucher, to lay low, lie, lay; se --, to go to bed.
coude, m., elbow.
coudre, to sew.
couler, to flow, trickle.
couleur, f., color.
coup, m., blow, thrust, shock, stroke; drink, draught; puff; peal, crash; tout à --, all at once; -- d'oeil, glance; -- de feu or de fusil or de pistolet, shot.
couper, to cut, cut off; intercept.
cour, f., yard.
courageu-x, -se, courageous, brave.
courber, to bend; se --, to stoop.
courir, to run, ride.
couronner, to crown.
cours, m., course.
course, f., running; visit, call; pas de --, double quick.
court, -e, short.
cousant, see coudre.
couteau, m., knife.
coûter, to cost; -- la peine, to cause inconvenience.
couvent, m., convent.
couver, to hatch, hatch out.
couvercle, m., lid, cover; à -- de bois, bound in wood.
couvert, -e, covered; hindered.
couvrir, to cover; drown; impede.
craindre, to fear.
crainte, f., fear.
cramponné, -e, clinging.
cramponner, to fasten; se --, to cling.
cravate, f., necktie.
créature, f., creature, person.
créer, to create.
creuser, to dig.
creu-x, -se, hollow.
crever, to put out, break.
cri, m., cry, yelp.
crier, to cry out.
Croate, m., Croatian.
croire, to think, believe.
croisé, -e, crossed.
croix, f., cross.
crotté, -e, muddy.
croupe, f., rump (of an animal).
croûte, f., crust; casser une --, to have a bite.
croyance, f., belief.
cru, see croire.
cruchon, m., little pitcher.
cruel, -le, cruel.
cuire, to cook, bake.
cuisine, f., kitchen.
cuisinier, m., cook, scullion.
cuisse, f., thigh.
culotte, f., breeches, knickerbockers.
curieu-x, -se, inquisitive; as noun, idler, bystander.
curiosité, f., inquisitiveness.
D
dame, f., lady.
dangereu-x, -se, dangerous.
dans, into, in, through.
danser, to dance, flicker.
darder, to dart, thrust.
davantage, more, longer, further.
de, from, by, with, in, at, to, on, for; than.
débarrassé, -e (de), rid.
débarrasser (se), to rid oneself.
débattre (se), to struggle.
débloquer, to raise a siege, relieve.
déboucher, to emerge, pass out.
debout, standing.
débris, m., rubbish.
décembre, m., December.
décès, m., death; cause of death.
décharné, -e, fleshless, emaciated.
déchiqueter, to slash, mangle.
déchirement, m., tearing; anguish.
déchirer, to tear.
décidé, -e, determined.
décider, to induce, determine.
décisi-f, -ve, decisive, positive.
déclarer, to declare.
découpé, -e, cut out, cut.
découper, to cut to pieces, cut; se --, to be outlined, stand out.
découvert, -e, uncovered, exposed, bare.
découverte, f., discovery, invention.
découvrir, to uncover, expose; se --, to remove one's hat.
décrocher, to take down (from a hook).
dedans, within, in, inside; en --, on the inside.
déesse, f., goddess.
défaire, to undo, take off.
défaite, f., defeat.
défendre (de), to defend, forbid; se --, to defend oneself.
défenseur, m., defender, protector.
défiance, f., distrust.
défilé, m., long narrow pass.
défiler, to unstring; pass through (dans), march.
dégager, to free, disengage.
dehors, out, outside, out of doors; without; en -- (de), without, besides, in addition to; du --, outside.
déjà, already, yet.
déjeuner, to breakfast.
délibération, f., conference.
délire, m., frenzy, delirium.
délivrance, f., relief.
délivrer, to deliver, release.
demain, to-morrow.
demande, f., question, request.
demander (à), to ask, request.
démanger, to bite.
démarche, f., proceeding, measure; application.
démener (se), to move about.
demeure, f., home, dwelling.
demeurer, to dwell.
demi, -e, half; à --, half.
demi-cercle, m., semicircle.
demi-heure, f., half hour.
démonter, to unhorse.
dénoncer, to lodge information against, denounce.
dent, f., tooth; coup de --, bite.
départ, m., departure; sur son --, leaving.
dépasser, to go or extend beyond, extend, project.
dépêcher (se), to hurry, make haste.
dépeindre, to depict, describe.
dépendre, to depend.
déplier, to unfold.
déplorer, to lament, deplore.
déployer, to open, spread out.
déposer, to lay aside, put down.
depuis, since, ago; from, after, for.
dérangé, -e, out of order.
déranger, to put out of order, disturb.
derni-er, -ère, last.
dérouler, to unroll.
déroute, f., rout, defeat, overthrow.
dérouter, to disconcert, bewilder, confuse.
derrière, behind, from behind; de --, behind, hind; as noun, hinder part, rear.
dès, from, since; -- lors, from that time, thenceforth; -- que, when, as soon as.
désastre, m., disaster.
descendre, to descend, come or go down, alight.
désert, -e, deserted.
désespéré, -e, hopeless, in despair.
désintéressement, m., impartiality, indifference.
désir, m., desire, wish.
désirable, desirable.
désirer, to wish.
désolation, f., affliction.
désolé, -e, distressed, grieved.
désoler (se), to grieve.
désordre, m., confusion.
dessiner, to draw, outline.
dessous, under; m., the under part; avoir le --, to be defeated; en --, underhandedly.
dessus, on, over, upon; m., the upper hand.
destinée, f., fate.
détail, m., particular, detail.
détaler, to scamper away.
déteindre, to fade.
dételer, to unharness.
détour, m., turning, corner; circuit.
détourner, to turn aside.
détraquer, to put out of order.
détresse, f., sorrow, distress.
détruire, to destroy; refute.
deusse, for deux.
deux, two; tou(te)s (les) --, both.
deuxième, second.
devant, before, in front; de --, fore; as noun, m., front (part).
devenir, to become.
deviner, to guess, divine.
devoir, to owe; have to, be obliged to, be to; m., duty, obligation, task.
dévouer, to devote.
diable, m., devil; fellow.
dieu, m., God.
différence, f., difference.
difficile, difficult.
difficilement, with difficulty.
digne, worthy; dignified.
dignité, f., dignity.
dilater (se), to be distended, expand.
dimanche, m., Sunday; des --s, Sunday.
diminuer, to lessen.
dîner, to dine; m., dinner.
dire, to say, speak, tell; en --, see coeur; pour ainsi --, so to speak.
diriger, to take, direct, conduct; se --, to go.
discipline, f., education.
discuter, to argue.
disparaître, to disappear.
disperser, to scatter; se --, to be scattered.
dispute, f., quarrel, dispute.