INDEX

• Austin, 69, 171;
  • Province of Jurisprudence Determined, 4
• Ayala, 64
•  
• Bentham, 18, 46, 54, 70, 147;
  • Fragment on Government, 4
• Blackstone, 67, 89, 150, 152
•  
• Cambridge Essays, 1856, Maine, 205, 212
• Capture in war, 145, 146
• Casuistry, 205, 206, 207
• Charlemagne, 62, 233
• Codes, Attic of Solon, 9;
  • era of, 8;
  • first introduced into the West, 10;
  • Hindoo Law of Menu, 10-12;
  • Justinian, 25, 27;
  • Napoléon, 104;
  • Roman, superiority over Hindoo, 10-12;
  • Twelve Tables of Rome, 1, 8, 9, 12, 20
• Contract, Austin on, 190;
  • Bentham on, 190;
  • Imperative Law, 182;
  • judicial and popular error, 181;
  • Law of Nations, 181, 196, 197;
  • literal or written, 194;
  • origin lies in the family, 99;
  • pact or convention, 184, 185;
  • real, 195;
  • Roman, classification, 191, 192;
  • consensual, 195-198;
  • Domestic System, 194;
  • Nexum, definition of, 185-189;
  • Rousseau, 181;
  • sale, 188
• Conveyances and contracts, confusion between, 185-187;
  • and mancipation, 185
• Corpus juris civilis, 26
• Creditors, powers of, in ancient system, 189
• Crimes and wrongs, confusion between, 231, 232;
  • distinction between primitive and modern, 217, 218;
  • Kemble in Anglo-Saxons, 218
• Criminal Law, Athens, 224;
  • degree of guilt, 223;
  • four stages of primitive history, 226;
  • influence of Church, 233;
  • primitive religious code, 218, 219;
  • Roman, crime against State, 219;
  • B.C. 149, 225;
  • origin of, 225;
  • sentence of death, 227-229;
  • theft, 222, 223;
  • tribunals, 228-230;
  • under emperors, 230-232
• Customary Law, epoch of, 7, 8;
  • Hindoo, 4
•  
• Dangers of Law, rigidity, too rapid development, 44, 45
• Debtors, severity of ancient system, 189
•  
• Equity, 172;
  • early history of, 15;
  • Lord Eldon on, 40;
  • English, 40, 41;
  • meaning of, 17;
  • origin, 34, 35;
  • Roman compared with English, 40-42
•  
• Feudalism, explanation of, 214
•  
• Gaius, 90, 174, 220-223
• Grote, decline of kingly rule, 6;
  • History of Greece, 3, 5;
  • law administered by aristocracies, 7
• Grotius, Hugo, 56, 58, 59, 64;
  • De Jure Belli et Pacis, 205
•  
• Homer, earliest notions of law derived from, 2, 3;
  • Themis, Themistes, 2-5
•  
• Indian (Hindoo) Law, see separate headings Codes, Customary, Primogeniture, Property, Testamentary Law, Village communities
• Institutional Treatise (Justinian), 27
• International Law, 64;
  • and occupancy, 145
•  
• Law of Nations (Jus Gentium), incorporation with Roman Law, 36, 37;
  • origin of, 27-31
• Legal fictions, benefit of, 77;
  • examples in English Law, 18;
  • in Roman Law, 15, 16;
  • meaning, useful purpose of, 15, 16
• Legis Actio Sacramenti, Gaius on, 220, 221
• Legislation, the agent of legal
  • improvement, 17;
  • differing from equity, legal fictions, 17, 18
• Lettres Persanes, 183
•  
• Maine, Cambridge Essays, 1856, 205, 212
• Mancipation, 120, 121, 163-169, 185
• Menu, Laws of, 10-12
• Montesquieu, 49, 51, 183
•  
• Natural Law (Law of Nature), American Law and, 56;
  • antagonistic to historical method, 53;
  • confusing past with present, 43;
  • equality of man, 54-56;
  • equality of sex, 90;
  • feudalism, 62, 65;
  • French history, 47, 48, 50, 53;
  • French Law, 56;
  • Greek interpretation of, 44;
  • Grotian system, 56, 58, 59, 64-66;
  • incorporated with Roman Law, 36, 37;
  • influence of Stoics, 32, 33;
  • Modern International Law, 56-60;
  • most critical period, 50;
  • modern society, 54;
  • occupancy, 145-147, 153;
  • origin of, 31, 32;
  • private property, 164;
  • Rousseau on, 51;
  • slavery, 95;
  • territorial sovereignty, 60-63;
  • Testamentary Law, 103, 104
•  
• Occupancy, 144, 145;
  • in Roman Law, 145
•  
• Pascal, Provincial Letters, 207
• Prescriptions, 167, 168;
  • and Canon Law, 168
•  
• Primogeniture, Celtic customs, 141, 142;
  • feudal system, 135-137;
  • Hindoo Law, 134, 137, 141;
  • Mahometan Law, 142;
  • Roman Law, 133, 134
•  
• Property, natural modes of acquiring, 144
• Property Law, ancient Germanic, 165,
  • ancient Sclavonic, 165;
  • descent in Middle Ages, 132;
  • Indian Law, 165;
  • origin of, 145;
  • possession, 170, 172;
  • private, ancient forms of transfer, 160, 162-164;
  • Roman, 60, 66, 166;
  • Cessio in Jure, 170;
  • Edictum Perpetuum, 37;
  • Emphyteusis, 175-178;
  • Gaius on, 174;
  • Justinian, 174;
  • law of persons and things, 152;
  • mancipation, 163, 169;
  • possessory interdicts, 171;
  • Praetor's interdict, 172;
  • Res Mancipi, 160-164, 173;
  • Res Nec Mancipi, 164;
  • system of farming, 176;
  • usucapion, 167, 169, 173
•  
• Roman Law, see separate headings Contracts, Criminal, Property, Occupancy, Testamentary;
  • Decemviral Law, 20;
  • definition of inheritance, 107;
  • end of period of jurists, 40;
  • influence of Praetor, 38;
  • intestacy, 127-130;
  • law of inheritance, 111;
  • Leges Corneliae, 24, 25;
  • Leges Juliae, 25;
  • marriage, 91;
  • obligation in, 190, 191, 195, 197;
  • Pandects of Justinian, 39;
  • powers of Praetor, 37, 39;
  • Praetorian edict, 24, 25;
  • Responsa Prudentum, 20, 21, 24;
  • reverence of Romans for, 22;
  • Statute Law, 25;
  • Twelve Tables, 1, 8, 9, 12, 20
• Rousseau, on Social Contract, 181
•  
• Savigny, 171;
  • on occupancy, 150
• Slavery, American opinions of, 96;
  • influence of Law of Nature upon, 97;
  • Roman system, 95-97
• Status, definition of, 100
•  
• Testamentary Law, adoption and testation, 114, 115;
  • Church's influence upon, 102;
  • corporation, aggregate and sole, 110;
  • Hindoo Law, 113, 114;
  • Hindoo compared with Roman, 113;
  • Law of Nature, 103, 104;
  • Roman Law, 111, 112, 117-123;
  • mancipation, 120, 123;
  • Praetorian testament, 123-125;
  • Twelve Tables, 112, 119, 122;
  • Roman family, agnatic and cognatic relationship, 86-89;
  • duties and rights of father, 85;
  • effects of Christianity, 92;
  • family, the basis of State, 75, 76;
  • kinship, 86, 88;
  • modification of parental privileges, 84;
  • origin of contract in, 99;
  • origin of law of persons, 89;
  • parental powers, 80-82, 88
• Theology, and Jurisprudence, 208-210;
  • moral, 204, 205
• Theories, based on Roman doctrine, Bentham, 69;
  • Blackstone, 67;
  • differing from Roman Glossators, annotations of, 67;
  • Grotius, 67;
  • Jurisprudence, dissatisfaction with, 70;
  • Locke, 67;
  • Montesquieu, 68;
  • patriarchal, 72-75
•  
• Universal succession, 106;
  • in Roman Law, 106, 107
• "Universatis Juris," 105
•  
• Village communities, Indian, 153, 154, 156, 158;
  • Indian, compared with Roman gens, 155;
  • Indian, Elphinstone, History of India, 155, 156;
  • Russian 157
•  
• Women, ancient rules defeated by Natural Law, 90;
  • Canon Law, 93;
  • English Common Law, 93, 94;
  • Roman family, 90, 91;
  • gradual independence under Roman Law, 91, 92;
  • Roman, perpetual tutelage of, 90;
  • under Roman Law, 89, 90;
  • subordination to husband in Middle Ages, 92;
  • subordination of Roman to relations, 90

Made at The
Temple Press

Letchworth
in Great Britain