(28)  [The Return of the Dead: 1913]

The / Return of the Dead / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 22; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–22.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Following p. 22 is a leaf, with blank reverse, and with the following imprint upon its recto: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty copies.”  The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), with B (a full sheet of eight leaves), inset within it.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

The Return of the Dead.  [Swayne Dyring o’er to the island strayed]

5

The Transformed Damsel.  [I take my axe upon my back]

13

The Forced Consent.  [Within her own fair castelaye]

15

Ingeborg’s Disguise.  [Such handsome court clothes the proud Ingeborg buys]

19

Song.  [I’ve pleasure not a little]

22

As a further example of Borrow’s shorter Ballads, I give Ingeborg’s Disguise in full.  The entire series included in The Return of the Dead and Other Ballads ranks among the most uniformly successful of Borrow’s achievements in this particular branch of literature:—

INGEBORG’S DISGUISE [161]

Such handsome court clothes the proud Ingeborg buys,
Says she, “I’ll myself as a courtier disguise.”

Proud Ingeborg hastens her steed to bestride,
Says she, “I’ll away with the King to reside.”

Thou gallant young King to my speech lend an ear,
Hast thou any need of my services here?”

O yes, my sweet lad, of a horseboy I’ve need,
If there were but stable room here for his steed.

But thy steed in the stall with my own can be tied,
And thouneath the linen shalt sleep by my side.”

Three years in the palate good service she wrought
That she was a woman no one ever thought.

She filled for three years of a horse-boy the place,
And the steeds of the monarch she drove out to graze.

She led for three years the King’s steeds to the brook,
For else than a youth no one Ingeborg took.

Proud Ingeborg knows how to make the dames gay,
She also can sing in such ravishing way.

The hair on her head is like yellow spun gold,
To her beauty the heart of the prince was not cold.

But at length up and down in the palace she strayed,
Her colour and hair began swiftly to fade.

What eye has seen ever so wondrous a case?
The boy his own spurs to his heel cannot brace.

The horse-boy is brought to so wondrous a plight,
To draw his own weapon he has not the might.

The son of the King to five damsels now sends,
And Ingeborg fair to their care he commends.

Proud Ingeborg took they and wrapped in their weed,
And to the stone chamber with her they proceed.

Upon the blue cushions they Ingeborg laid,
Where light of two beautiful sons she is made.

Then in came the prince, smiled the babies to view:
“’Tis not every horse-boy can bear such a two.”

He patted her soft on her cheek sleek and fair:
Forget my heart’s dearest all sorrow and care.”

He placed the gold crown on her temples I ween:
With me shalt thou live as my wife and my Queen.”

The complete Manuscript of The Return of the Dead and Other Ballads is in my own library.

There is a copy of The Return of the Dead and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C.44.d.38.

Title page of The Return of the Dead

Manuscript of Ingeborg’s Disguise

(29)  [Axel Thordson: 1913]

Axel Thordson / and Fair Valborg / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 45; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3–4; and text of the Ballad pp. 5–45.  The head-line is Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg throughout, upon both sides of the page.  Upon the reverse of p. 45 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A to C (Three sheets, each eight leaves) inset within each other.  The last leaf of Sig. C is a blank.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg.  [At the wide board at tables play]

5

In some respects Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg is the most ambitious of Borrow’s Ballads.  It is considerably the longest, unless we regard the four “Songs” of which Marsk Stig is comprised as forming one complete poem.  But it is by no means the most successful; indeed it is invariably in his shorter Ballads that we find Borrow obtaining the happiest result.

Two Manuscripts of Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg are available.  The first was prepared in 1829 for the Songs of Scandinavia.  The second was revised in 1854 for the Kœmpe Viser.  This later Manuscript is in my own possession.  I give herewith a reduced facsimile of one of its pages.

There is a copy of Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C.44.d.38.

Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg—1854

(30)  [King Hacon’s Death: 1913]

King Hacon’s Death / and / Bran and the Black Dog / Two Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Crown octavo, pp. 14; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Two Ballads pp. 5–14.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Following p. 14 is a leaf, with blank reverse, and with the following imprint upon its recto, “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  There are no signatures, the pamphlet being composed of a single sheet, folded to form sixteen pages.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 7½ × 5 inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

King Hacon’s Death.  [“And now has happened in our day”]

5

Bran and the Black Dog.  [“The day we went to the hills to chase”]

I venture to regard this ballad of the fight between Bran and the Black Dog as one of Borrow’s happiest efforts.  Here are some of its vigorous stanzas:

The valiant Finn arose next day,
   Just as the sun rose above the foam;
And he beheld up the Lairgo way,
   A man clad in red with a black dog come.

He came up with a lofty gait,
   Said not for shelter he sought our doors;
And wanted neither drink nor meat,
   But would match his doggainst the best of ours.

* * * * *

A strange fight this,” the great Finn said,
   As he turn’d his face towards his clan;
Then his face with rage grew fiery red,
   And he struck with his fist his good dog Bran.

Take off from his neck the collar of gold,
   Not right for him now such a thing to bear;
And a free good fight we shall behold
   Betwixt my dog and his black compeer.”

The dogs their noses together placed,
   Then their blood was scatter’d on every side;
Desperate the fight, and the fight did last
   ’Till the brave black dog in Bran’s grip died.

* * * * *

We went to the dwelling of high Mac Cuol,
   With the King to drink, and dice, and throw;
The King was joyous, his hall was full,
   Though empty and dark this night I trow.

11

There is a copy of King Hacon’s Death and Bran and the Black Dog in the Library of the British Museum.  The Pressmark is C. 44. d. 38.

(31)  [Marsk Stig’s Daughters: 1913]

Marsk Stig’s / Daughters / and other / Songs and Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Crown octavo, pp. 21; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse), pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse), pp. 3–4; Table of Contents, pp. 5–6; and Text of the Songs and Ballads, pp. 7–21.  The reverse of p. 21 is blank.  The head-line is Songs and Ballads throughout, upon both sides of the page.  The pamphlet concludes with a leaf, with blank reverse, and with the following imprint upon its recto: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  There are no signatures, but the pamphlet consists of a half-sheet (of four leaves), with a full sheet (of eight leaves) inset within it.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 7½ × 5 inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Marsk Stig’s Daughters.  [Two daughters fair the Marshal had]

7

The Three Expectants.  [There are three for my death that now pine]

11

Translation.  [One summer morn, as I was seeking]

13

The English Gipsy:

 

He.  [As I to the town was going one day
My Roman lass I met by the way]

14

She.  [As I to the town was going one day
I met a young Roman upon the way]

The first of these two stanzas had been printed previously in Romano Lavo-Lil, 1874, p. 183.

14

Gipsy Song.  [Up, up, brothers]

The first stanza of this Song was printed previously (under the title Run for it!) in Romano Lavo-Lil, 1874, p. 195.

16

Our Heart is Heavy, Brother.  [The strength of the ox]

Another version of this poem was printed previously (under the title Sorrowful Tears, and with an entirely different text) in Romano Lavo-Lil, 1874, p. 211.

In order to give some clear idea of the difference between the two versions, I quote the opening stanza of each:

1874.

The wit and the skill
Of the Father of ill,
   Who’s clever indeed,
If they would hope
With their foes to cope
   The Romany need.

1913.

The strength of the ox,
The wit of the fox,
   And the leveret’s speed;
All, all to oppose
Their numerous foes
   The Romany need.

17

Song.  [Nastrond’s blazes]

Another version of this Song was printed previously (divided up, and with many textual variations) in The Death of Balder, 1899, pp. 53–54.

19

Lines.  [To read the great mysterious Past]

As a specimen of Borrow’s lighter lyrical verse, as distinguished from his Ballads, I give the text of the Translation noted above, accompanied by a facsimile of the first page of the MS.:

A second Manuscript of this Translation has the ‘ditty’ arranged in eight lines, instead of in four.  In this MS. the word ladye is spelled in the conventional manner:

I am the lady,
I am the lady,
I am the lady
   Loving the knight;
I in the greenwood,
Neath the green branches,
Through the night season
   Sleep with the knight.

21

Note.—Each poem to which no reference is attached appeared for the first time in this volume.

There is a copy of Marsk Stig’s Daughters and other Songs and Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Title page of Marsk Stig’s Daughters

Manuscript ‘One summer morn’

(32)  [The Tale of Brynild: 1913]

The Tale of Brynild / and / King Valdemar and his Sister / Two Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 35; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page as above (with a notice regarding the American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–35.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 35 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), and B and C (two sheets, each eight leaves), each inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

The Tale of Brynild.  [Sivard he a colt has got]

Of The Tale of Brynild, two manuscripts are extant, written in 1829 and 1854 respectively.  The text of the latter, from which the ballad was printed in the present pamphlet, is immeasurably the superior.

5

King Valdemar and his sister.  [See, see, with Queen Sophy sits Valdemar bold]

13

Mirror of Cintra.  [Tiny fields in charming order]

34

The Harp.  [The harp to everyone is dear]

35

There can be little doubt that the series of poems included in this volume present Borrow at his best as a writer of Ballads.

There is a copy of The Tale of Brynild and King Valdemar and his Sister in the Library of the British Museum.  The Pressmark is C. 44. d. 38.

Title page of The Tale of Brynild

(33)  [Proud Signild: 1913]

Proud Signild / and / Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation: Square demy octavo, pp. 28; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–28.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  At the foot of p. 28 is the following imprint: “London: Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W.  Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (six leaves), and B (a full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Proud Signild.  [Proud Signild’s bold brothers have taken her hand]

5

The Damsel of the Wood.  [The Knight takes hawk, and the man takes hound]

16

Damsel Mettie.  [Knights Peter and Olaf they sat o’er the board]

As is the case with quite a number of Borrow’s ballads, two Manuscripts of Damsel Mettie have been preserved.  The earlier, composed not later than 1829, is written upon paper water marked with the date 1828; the later is written upon paper water-marked 1843.  The earlier version has a refrain, “’Neath the linden tree watches the lord of my heart,” which is wanting in the later.  Otherwise the text of both MSS. is identical, the differences to be observed between them being merely verbal.  For example, the seventh couplet in the earlier reads:

I’ll gage my war courser, the steady and tried,
That thou canst not obtain the fair Mettie, my bride.

In the later MS. this couplet reads:

I’ll gage my war courser, the steady and tried,
Thou never canst lure the fair Mettie, my bride.

22

There is a copy of Proud Signild and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

(34)  [Ulf Van Yern: 1913]

Ulf Van Yern / and / Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page (with notice regarding the American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–27.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), all inset within each other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Ulf Van Yern.  [It was youthful Ulf Van Yern]

This ballad was here printed from the Manuscript prepared for the projected Kœmpe Viser of 1854.  In the MS of 1829 the ballad is entitled Ulf Van Yern and Vidrik Verlandson.  The texts of the two versions differ widely in almost every stanza.

5

The Chosen Knight.  [Sir Oluf rode forth over hill and lea]

16

Sir Swerkel.  [There’s a dance in the hall of Sir Swerkel the Childe]

19

Finn and the Damsel, or The Trial of Wits.  [“What’s rifer than leaves?” Finn cried]

23

Epigrams by Carolan:

 

1.  On Friars.  [Would’st thou on good terms with friars live]

26

2.  On a surly Butler, who had refused him admission to the cellar.  [O Dermod Flynn it grieveth me]

26

Lines.  [How deadly the blow I received]

The last four lines of this Poem had already served (but with a widely different text) as the last four lines of the Ode from the Gaelic, printed in Romantic Ballads, 1826, pp 142–143.

27

There is a copy of Ulf Van Yern and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Manuscript of Damsel Mattie

Manuscript of Sir Swerkel

(35)  [Ellen of Villenskov: 1913]

Ellen of Villenskov / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 22; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–22.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Following p. 22 is a leaf, with blank reverse, and with the following imprint upon its recto: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), with B (a full sheet of eight leaves) inset within it.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Ellen of Villenskov.  [There lies a wold in Vester Haf]

5

Uranienborg.  [Thou who the strand dost wander]

Previously printed, with an earlier and far inferior text, under the title The Ruins of Uranienborg, in The Foreign Quarterly ReviewJune, 1830, pp. 85–86.

13

The Ready Answer.  [The brother to his dear sister spake]

19

Epigrams:

 

1.  There’s no living, my boy, without plenty of gold

22

2.  O think not you’ll change what on high is designed

22

3.  Load not thyself with gold, O mortal man, for know

22

Note.—Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the first time in this volume.

The Manuscripts of the poems included in Ellen of Villenskov and Other Ballads are in the Library of Mr. Clement K. Shorter.

There is a copy of Ellen of Villenskov and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

(36)  [The Songs of Ranild: 1913]

The Songs of Ranild / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 26; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Poems pp. 5–26.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular poem occupying it.  Following p. 26 is a leaf, with a notice regarding the American copyright upon the reverse, and with the following imprint upon its recto: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (six leaves), and B (a full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

The Songs of Ranild:

 

Song the First.  [Up Riber’s street the dance they ply]

5

Song the Second.  [To saddle his courser Ranild cried]

10

Song the Third.  [So wide around the tidings bound]

13

Child Stig and Child Findal.  [Child Stig and Child Findal two brothers were they]

The Songs of Ranild were first written in 1826, and were finally prepared for press in 1854.  I give herewith, facing p. 191, a facsimile, the exact size of the original, of the first page of the first draft of Song the Third.

The complete MS. from which these four Ballads were printed is in the Library of Mr. J. A. Spoor, of Chicago.

17

There is a copy of The Songs of Ranild in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Manuscript of Songs Relating to Marsk Stig

(37)  [Niels Ebbesen: 1913]

Niels Ebbesen / and / Germand Gladenswayne / Two Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 32; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page as above (with notice regarding the American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–32.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  At the foot of p. 32 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A and B (two sheets, each eight leaves), the one inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Niels Ebbesen.  [All his men the Count collects]

5

Germand Gladenswayne.  [Our King and Queen sat o’er the board]

22

There is a copy of Niels Ebbesen and Germand Gladenswayne in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Title page of Niels Ebbesen

(38)  [Child Maidelvold: 1913]

Child Maidelvold / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–27.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Child Maidelvold.  [The fair Sidselil, of all maidens the flower]

Another, but widely different and altogether inferior, version of this beautiful and pathetic ballad—one of Borrow’s best—was printed (under the title Skion Middel) in The Monthly Magazine, November, 1823, p. 308; and again (under the amended title Sir Middel, and with a slightly revised text) in Romantic Ballads, 1826, pp. 28–31.  In these earlier versions the name of the heroine is Swanelil in place of Sidselil, and that of the hero is Sir Middel in place of Child Maidelvold.

5

Sir Peter.  [Sir Peter and Kirstin they sat by the board]

11

Ingefred and Gudrune.  [Ingefred and Gudrune they sate in their bower]

15

Sir Ribolt.  [Ribolt the son of a Count was he]

20

As a further example of these Ballads I give Ingefred and Gudrune in full.

INGEFRED AND GUDRUNE [199]

Ingefred and Gudrune they sate in their bower,
Each bloomed a beauteous fragrant flower
   So sweet it is in summer tide!

A working the gold fair Ingefred kept,
Still sate Gudrune, and bitterly wept.

Dear sister Gudrune so fain I’d know
Why down thy cheek the salt tears flow?”

Cause enough have I to be thus forlorn,
With a load of sorrow my heart is worn.

Hear, Ingefred, hear what I say to thee,
Wilt thou to-night stand bride for me?

If bride for me thou wilt stand to-night,
I’ll give thee my bridal clothes thee to requite.

And more, much more to thee I’ll give,
All my bride jewels thou shalt receive.”

O, I will not stand for bride in thy room,
Save I also obtain thy merry bridegroom.”

Betide me whatever the Lord ordain,
From me my bridegroom thou never shalt gain.”

In silks so costly the bride they arrayed,
And unto the kirk the bride they conveyed.

In golden cloth weed the holy priest stands,
He joins of Gudrune and Samsing the hands.

O’er the downs and green grass meadows they sped,
Where the herdsman watched his herd as it fed.

Of thy beauteous self, dear Damsel, take heed,
Ne’er enter the house of Sir Samsing, I rede.

Sir Samsing possesses two nightingales
Who tell of the Ladies such wondrous tales.

With their voices of harmony they can declare
Whether maiden or none has fallen to his share.”

The chariot they stopped in the green wood shade,
An exchangetwixt them of their clothes they made.

They change of their dress whatever they please,
Their faces they cannot exchange with ease.

To Sir Samsung’s house the bride they conveyed,
Of the ruddy gold no spare was made.

On the bridal throne the bride they plac’d,
They skinked the mead for the bride to taste.

Then said from his place the court buffoon:
Methinks thou art Ingefred, not Gudrune.”

From off her hand a gold ring she took,
Which she gave the buffoon with entreating look.

Said he: “I’m an oaf, and have drunk too hard,
To words of mine pay no regard.”

Twas deep at night, and down fell the mist,
To her bed the young bride they assist.

Sir Samsing spoke to his nightingales twain:
Before my young bride sing now a strain.

A song now sing which shall avouch
Whether I’ve a maiden or none in my couch.”

A maid’s in the bed, that’s certain and sure,
Gudrune is standing yet on the floor.”

Proud Ingefred, straight from my couch retire!
Gudrune come hither, or dread my ire!

Now tell me, Gudrune, with open heart,
What made thee from thy bed depart?”

My father, alas! dwelt near the strand,
When war and bloodshed filled the land.

Full eight there were broke into my bower,
One only ravished my virgin flower.”

Upon her fair cheek he gave a kiss:
My dearest, my dearest, all sorrow dismiss;

My swains they were that broke into thy bower,
Twas I that gathered thy virgin flower.”

Fair Ingefred gained, because bride she had been,
One of the King’s knights of handsome mien.

There is a copy of Child Maidelvold and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Manuscript of Child Maidelvold

Manuscript of Ingefred and Gudrune

(39)  [Ermeline: 1913]

Ermeline / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 23; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Poems pp. 5–23.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular poem occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 23 is the following imprint: “London / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), and B (a full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Ermeline.  [With lance upraised so haughtily]

The paper upon which the Manuscript of Ermeline is written is water-marked with the date 1843.  No other MS. is forthcoming.

5

The Cuckoo’s Song in Merion.  [Though it has been my fate to see]

The fifth stanza of this Song was printed by Borrow in Wild Wales, 1862, vol. i, p. 153.  The two versions of this stanza offer some interesting variations of text; I give them both:

1862

Full fair the gleisiad in the flood,
   Which sparklesneath the summer’s sun,
And fair the thrush in green abode
   Spreading his wings in sportive fun,
But fairer look if truth be spoke,
   The maids of County Merion.

1913

O fair the salmon in the flood,
   That over golden sands doth run;
And fair the thrush in his abode,
   That spreads his wings in gladsome fun;
More beauteous look, if truth be spoke,
   The maids of county Merion.

21

There is a copy of Ermeline A Ballad in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Title page for Giant of Bern

(40)  [The Giant of Bern: 1913]

The Giant of Bern / and Orm Ungerswayne / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Crown octavo, pp. 15; consisting of Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballad pp. 5–15.  The head-line is The Giant of Bern throughout, upon both sides of the page.  Upon the reverse of p. 15 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  There are no signatures, the pamphlet being composed of a single sheet, folded to form sixteen pages.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 7½ × 5 inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

The Giant of Bern and Orme Ungerswayne.  [It was the lofty jutt of Bern, O’er all the walls he grew]

Fifteen stanzas, descriptive of the incident of Orm’s obtaining his father’s sword from the dead man’s grave, were printed in Targum, 1835, pp. 59–61, under the title BirtingA Fragment.  The text differs greatly in the two versions, that of the later (which, though not printed until 1913, was written about 1854) is much the superior.  As an example I give the first two stanzas of each version:

1835

It was late at evening tide,
Sinks the day-star in the wave,
When alone Orm Ungarswayne
Rode to seek his father’s grave.

Late it was at evening hour,
When the steeds to streams are led;
Let me now, said Orm the young,
Wake my father from the dead.

1913

It was so late at evening tide,
   The sun had reached the wave,
When Orm the youthful swain set out
   To seek his father’s grave.

It was the hour when grooms do ride
   The coursers to the rill,
That Orm set out resolved to wake
   The dead man in the hill.

5

There is a copy of The Giant of Bern and Orm Ungerswayne in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

(41)  [Little Engel: 1913]

Little Engel / A Ballad / With a Series of / Epigrams from the Persian / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballad and Epigrams pp. 5–27.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Poem occupying it—save for pp. 23–27, which are headed Epigrams.  Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (six leaves), and B (a full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Little Engel.  [It was the little Engel, he]

5

An Elegy.  [Where shall I rest my hapless head]

21

Epigrams.  From the Persian:

 

1.  [Hear what once the pigmy clever]

23

2.  [The man who of his words is sparing]

23

3.  [If thou would’st ruinscape, and blackest woe]

24

4.  [Sit down with your friends in delightful repose]

24

5.  [The hungry hound upon the bone will pounce]

24

6.  [Great Aaroun is dead, and is nothing, the man]

25

7.  [Though God provides our daily bread]

25

8.  The King and his Followers.  [If in the boor’s garden the King eats a pear]

25

9.  The Devout Man and the Tyrant.  [If the half of a loaf the devout man receives]

26

10.  The Cat and the Beggar.  [If a cat could the power of flying enjoy]

26

11.  The King and Taylor.  [The taylor who travels in far foreign lands]

26

12.  Gold Coin and Stamped Leather.  [Of the children of wisdom how like is the face]

27

13.  [So much like a friend with your foe ever deal]

The Manuscript of these Epigrams bears instructive evidence of the immense amount of care and labour expended by Borrow upon his metrical compositions.  Reduced facsimiles of two of the pages of this Manuscript are given herewith.  It will be observed that a full page and a half are occupied by the thirteenth Epigram, at which Borrow made no fewer than seven attempts before he succeeded in producing a version which satisfied him.  The completed Epigram is as follows:—

So much like a friend with your foe ever deal,
That you never need dread the least scratch from his steel;
But ne’er with your friend deal so much like a foe,
That you ever must dread from his faulchion a blow.

27

The original Manuscript of Little Engel, written in 1829, is in the library of Mr. Edmund Gosse.  The Manuscript of 1854, from which the ballad was printed, is in my own library.

There is a copy of Little Engel, A Ballad, &c., in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Title page of Little Engel

(42)  [Alf the Freebooter: 1913]

Alf the Freebooter / Little Danneved and / Swayne Trost / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–27.  There are headlines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint, “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), and C (a full sheet of 8 leaves), all inset within each other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Sir Alf the Freebooter.  [Sir Alf he is an Atheling.]

5

Little Danneved and Swayne Trost.  [“O what shall I in Denmark do?”]

14

Sir Pall, Sir Bear, And Sir Liden.  [Liden he rode to the Ting, and shewed]

20

Belardo’s Wedding.  [From the banks, in mornings beam]

23

The Yew Tree.  [O tree of yew, which here I spy]

Two earlier versions of this Ode were printed by Borrow in Wild Wales, vol. iii, pp. 203 and 247.  The texts of all three versions differ very considerably.

27

There is a copy of Alf the Freebooter and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Manuscript of Epigrams

Manuscript of Epigrams

(43)  [King Diderik: 1913]

King Diderik / and the Fight between the / Lion and Dragon / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–27.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint, “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), and C (a full sheet of 8 leaves), all inset within each other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

King Diderik and the Lion’s Fight with the Dragon.

[From Bern rode forth King Diderik]

There exists a single leaf of an early draft of another, entirely different, version of this ballad.  Upon the opposite page is a facsimile, the exact size of the original, of this fragment.

5

Diderik and Olger the Dane.  [With his eighteen brothers Diderik stark]

14

Olger the Dane and Burman.  [Burman in the mountain holds]

21

The complete Manuscript of King Diderik, &c., and Other Ballads, as prepared for the Songs of Scandinavia of 1829, is preserved in the British Museum.

There is a copy of King Diderik and the Fight between the Lion and Dragon, &c. in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

King Diderik—Early draft

(44)  [The Nightingale: 1913]

The Nightingale / The Valkyrie and Raven / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–27.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N. W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), and C (a full sheet of 8 leaves), all inset within each other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

The Nightingale, or The Transformed Damsel.  [I know where stands a Castellaye]

5

The Valkyrie and Raven.  [Ye men wearing bracelets]

Previously printed in Once a Week, August 2nd, 1862, pp. 152–156, where the Ballad was accompanied by a full-page Illustration engraved upon wood.  [See post, pp. 302–305.]

11

Erik Emun and Sir Plog.  [Early at morn the lark sang gay]

21

The Elves.  [Take heed, good people, of yourselves]

There are two Manuscripts of The Elves available.  So far as the body of the poem is concerned the texts of these are identical, the fifth line alone differing materially in each.  This line, as printed, reads:

The lass he woo’ d, her promise won.

In the earlier of the two MSS. it reads:

Inflamed with passion her he woo’d.

A cancelled reading of the same MS. runs:

Whom when he saw the peasant woo’d.

But the Ballad is furnished with a repeated refrain.  This refrain in the printed version reads:

Take heed, good people, of yourselves;
And oh! beware ye of the elves.

In the earlier MS. the refrain employed is:

Tis wonderful the Lord can brook
The insolence of the fairy folk!

A reduced facsimile of the first page of the later MS. will be found facing the present page.

The entire poem should be compared with The Elf Bride, printed in The Brother Avenged and Other Ballads, 1913, pp. 21–22.

25

Feridun.  [No face of an Angel could Feridun claim]

26

Epigrams:

 

1.  [A worthless thing is song, I trow]

27

2.  [Though pedants have essayed to hammer]

27

3.  [When of yourself you have cause to speak]

27

Note.—Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the first time in this volume.

There is a copy of The Nightingale, The Valkyrie and Raven, and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Manuscript of The Elves

(45)  [Grimmer and Kamper: 1913]

Grimmer and Kamper / The End of Sivard Snarenswayne / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 28; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3–4; and Text of the Ballads pp. 5–28.  There are headlines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  At the foot of p. 28 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N. W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), and C (a full-sheet of 8 leaves), all inset within each other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

Contents.

 

page

Grimmer and Kamper.  [Grimmer walks upon the floor]

5

Mimmering Tan.  [The smallest man was Mimmering]

11

The End of Sivard Snarenswayne.  [Young Sivard he his step-sire slew]

The two Manuscripts, belonging to the years 1829 and 1854 respectively, of this ballad exhibit very numerous differences of text.  As a brief, but sufficient, example I give the second stanza as it occurs in each:

1829

It was Sivard Snareswayne [sic]
   To his mother’s presence hied:
Say, shall I go from thee on foot,
   Or, tell me, shall I ride?”

1854

It was Sivard Snarenswayne
   To his mother’s presence strode:
Say, shall I ride from hence?” he cried,
   “Or wend on foot my road?”

14

Sir Guncelin’s Wedding.  [It was the Count Sir Guncelin]

19

Epigrams:

 

Honesty.  [No wonder honesty’s a lasting article]

27

A Politician.  [He served his God in such a fashion]

27

The Candle.  [For foolish pastimes oft, full oft, they thee ignite]

27

Epigram on HimselfBy Wessel [He ate, and drank, and slip-shod went]

28

There is a copy of Grimmer and Kamper, The End of Sivard Snarenswayne, and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Manuscript of Sir Guncelin’s Wedding

(46)  [The Fountain of Maribo: 1913]

The / Fountain of Maribo / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913.

Collation:—Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. 1–2; Frontispiece (with blank recto) pp. 3–4; Title-page (with notice regarding the American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 5–6; and Text of the Ballads pp. 7–27.  There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it.  Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: “London: / Printed for Thomas J. Wise, Hampstead, N.W. / Edition limited to Thirty Copies.”  The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the other.

Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the title-page reproduced upon the front.  The leaves measure 8½ × 6⅞ inches.

Thirty Copies only were printed.

The Frontispiece is a reduced facsimile of the first page of the original Manuscript of Ramund.

Contents.

 

page

The Fountain of Maribo, Or The Queen and the Algreve.  [The Algreve he his bugle wound]

Of The Fountain of Maribo there are two Manuscripts available, one written in 1829 and the other in 1854.  The text of these differs appreciably, that of the second being as usual the superior.  Here are some stanzas from each version:

1829

The Algreve he his bugle wound,
   The longest night.
The Queen in her bower heard the sound
   Love me doth thrall.

The Queen her little foot boy address’d:
   The longest night.
“Go, come to me hither the Algreve request.”
   Love me doth thrall.

In came the Algrave, ’fore the board stood he:
“What wilt thou my Queen that thou’st sent for me?”

“If I survive when my lord is dead,
Thou shall rule o’er my gold so red.”

1854

The Algreve he his bugle wound
   The long night all
The Queen in bower heard the sound,
   I’m passion’s thrall.

The Queen her little page address’d,
   The long night all
“To come to me the Greve request,”
   I’m passion’s thrall.

He came, before the board stood he,
   The long night all
“Wherefore, O Queen, hast sent for me?”
   I’m passion’s thrall,

“As soon as e’er my lord is dead,
   The long night all
Thou shall rule o’er my gold so red,”
   I’m passion’s thrall.

7

Ramund.  [Ramund thought he should a better man be]

A reduced facsimile of the first page of the manuscript of Ramund faces the present page.

13

Alf of Odderskier.  [Alf he dwells at Odderskier]

22

There is a copy of The Fountain of Maribo and Other Ballads in the Library of the British Museum.  The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38.

Manuscript of Ramund