Index.

Abu Bekr, elected the first chalif, 118.

Adrian I., Pope, his accession and character, 441;

replies to the embassy of king Desiderius, 442;

his cities seized by Desiderius, 443;

defends Rome against Desiderius, and stops him by interdict, 445;

calls upon Charlemagne to rescue him, 446;

whom he receives at St. Peter's as Patricius, at Easter, 474, 450;

confers with Charles as to Pipin's donation, 453;

receives the renewal of the donation from him, 455;

visits of Charles to Rome during his pontificate, 497;

dies in 795, mourned over by Charles, as a father, 498.

African Bishops repeat to Pope St. Martin the words of his predecessor, Innocent I., made in the time of St. Augustine, 72;

acknowledge the special divine gift of maintaining the faith, dwelling in the Apostolic Chair, 73.

Agatho, Pope, holds councils preparatory to the Sixth Council, 239;

describes the legates whom he sends to the Council, 239;

restores St. Wilfrid to his see, 240;

asserts before the Sixth Council the inerrancy of the Apostolic See, 245;

his claims fully admitted by the Council, 247;

and by the emperor, 249, who calls him “your most sacred Headship,” 249;

the Sixth Council beseeches him to confirm it, 247;

dies before the Council ends in 681, 250.

Aistulf, king of the Lombards, takes Ravenna in 751, and names himself king of Italy, 350;

attacks the duchy of Rome, and imposes a poll-tax on Rome, 353;

will not listen to Pope Stephen II. at Pavia, 355;

yields to Pipin, who besieges Pavia, 360;

breaks his compact with Pipin, and begins a fresh siege of Rome, 361;

yields Pavia to Pipin, and submits to his terms, 363;

invests Rome at the beginning, and dies hunting at the end of 756, 365.

Alexandrine Patriarchate, its history from Dioscorus to Mohammed, 144-9.

Ali, fourth chalif, 656-661;

assassinated in the mosque, 153.

Amalasunta, allowed to be murdered by her cousin, Theodatus, whom she had made king of the Goths, 380.

Anastasius, made patriarch on the deposition of Germanus by Leo III. 336;

made ecumenical by a tyrannical act of Leo III., 336;

deposed by his son Kopronymus as a useless instrument, 337.

Anastasius, the Librarian, as authority for Roman history, 26;

his account of Pope St. Martin, 52-5;

of the visit of Constans II. to Rome, 230;

his character of St. Gregory III., 332;

describes his works, 343;

his character of Pope Zacharias, 345, 352;

describes the election and character of Pope Stephen III., 352;

character and letter to Desiderius of Pope Adrian I., 441-3;

describes Charlemagne ascending the steps to St. Peter's on his knees, 450;

records the donation of Charlemagne in 774, 454;

and the visit of Pope Leo III. to Charles at Paderborn, 500;

his exculpation in St. Peter's and crowning of Charlemagne, 502;

Justinian II., his captain of the guards sent to seize Pope Sergius, 272;

entrance of Pope Constantine into Constantinople, 278;

the election of Pelagius II. left free because of the Lombards, 382;

his character of Pope Paul I., 432.

Antiochene Patriarchate, history from St. Chrysostom to Mohammed, 143.

Anastasius, formerly Artemius, and the first secretary, made emperor, 282;

is deposed after a civil war of six months, and becomes a priest, 289;

revolts against Leo III., and executed as a criminal by him, 289.

Athalarich, king of the Goths, perishes by his excesses in 534, 380;

imposes a fine for confirming the Papal election, 380.

Augustine, St., his confession of the primacy of the Apostolic See praised by Pope St. Martin, 73.

Bardanes, Philippicus, reigns eighteen months, and tries to set up again the Monothelite heresy, 281;

deposed and blinded, 282.

Baronius, his judgment as to the greatness of St. Gregory II., quoted, 332.

Bede, St., his account of archbishop Theodore, 236.

Boniface IV., Pope, consecrates Agrippa's Pantheon to be the Church of “the ever-virgin Mother of God and all martyrs,” 28.

Brunengo, I primi Papi-Re and Le Origini della Sovranità Temporale dei Papi, quoted continually in the 8th chapter.

Byzantium, its despotism the Church's enemy from the time of St. Gregory, 5;

its patriarch the special rival of the Pope, 6;

tries for forty years to impose the Monothelite heresy on the Pope and the Church, 41;

five acts of its theological despotism, 61;

march of this despotism from Constantine to Constans II., 64;

secular power declines, as spiritual usurpation advances, 65;

development of its double despotism, civil and religious, from Constantine to Heraclius, 110-117;

its fostering the heretical spirit destroys the empire, 117-118;

two hundred years of eastern wickedness lead up to the Mohammedan conquest, 141, and the destruction of the eastern patriarchates, 143-6;

triple despotism over the Popes,

1, controlling and confirming their election, 376-385;

2, the exarchal government, plundering and oppressing, 386-390;

3, interfering with doctrine, 393-400;

eastern episcopate demoralised by it, 409;

its advancement of its bishop from 381 to 733, 337.

Charlemagne, sent by his father Pipin to meet Pope Stephen II., 358;

crowned with his father and brother by Pope Stephen at St. Denys in 754, 360;

and made with them Patricius of the Romans, 360, 431;

becomes with his brother Carloman, king of the Franks, 768, 436;

marries Desiderata or Ermengarde, daughter of Desiderius, 437;

sends her back repudiated after a year, 438;

becomes king of the whole Frank empire, Dec. 4, 771, 440;

marches into Italy against Desiderius, 446;

invests Pavia, October, 773, 448;

enters St. Peter's and welcomed by Pope Adrian as Patricius, at Easter, 774, 449;

confers with Pope Adrian I., 450;

renews and confirms the pact of Quiersy, 454;

lays the donation on the altar of the Confession, 455;

captures Verona and Pavia and becomes king of the Lombards, 457;

takes time to carry out the donation, but is never unfaithful, 459;

his visit to Rome in 774 inaugurates his 40 years of triumphs, 463;

his loyalty in repeating his father's acts, 465;

visits to Rome in the pontificate of Adrian I., 497;

receives Pope Leo III. at Paderborn, 501;

comes from Aix-la-Chapelle to Rome, 502;

the Pope acquitted on his personal word in St. Peter's before him, 503;

crowned by Leo III. emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day, 800, 503;

made emperor by the Pope alone, to be protector of the Church, 505;

this making by the Pope acknowledged by all his subjects, 506;

it recognises the proper nature of civil government, 508;

it establishes Christian legislation in the person of Charles, 510;

his action in the Champs de Mai, 511; his action by the Missi Dominici, 512;

makes the Christian hierarchy the model of his civil government, 514;

how his government civilises the West, 515;

how his work surpasses that of Constantine, 516;

how his empire bears on the Byzantine, 517;

how it stands over against the chalifate, 518.

Charles Martell, saves Europe from Mohammed at the battle by Tours, 494;

second of the four great Carlovingians, 496;

called upon for aid by St. Gregory III., 339.

Church, the Catholic—the one kingdom of Christ in all ages, 2;

unity of, as necessary as the unity of God, 2;

want of the idea makes documents unintelligible, 4.

Constans II., emperor, charges the exarch Olympius to murder Pope St. Martin, 54;

appoints another exarch, Kalliopas, to kidnap the Pope, 79;

tortures and puts to death St. Maximus, the Confessor, 159-170;

forces the election of Pope Eugenius in the life-time of St. Martin, 226;

murders his brother, Theodosius, a deacon, 230;

his visit to Rome described by Anastasius, 230;

strips Rome of statues, and St. Mary of the Martyrs (the Pantheon) of its roof, 233;

assassinated in his bath at Syracuse, 234.

Constantine and Charlemagne, their work on the Church compared, 516.

Constantine III., poisoned by the empress Martina, 159.

Constantine IV., Pogonatus, 236;

solicits union with the Pope, 238;

addresses the Pope at the Sixth Council as the living Peter, 249;

his position as emperor, 261;

reigns from 668 to 685, a great contrast to his father, Constans II., 262.

Constantine V., Kopronymus, emperor, leaves Pope Stephen II. undefended at the Lombard invasion, 354;

Pope Stephen II. ceases to recognise his sovereignty over Rome, 357;

asks Pipin to restore to him Rome and the exarchate, 364, 411;

the last eastern emperor who exercises thraldom over Rome, 411.

Constantine, ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople, so presented to the bishops by the emperor in 754, 403;

banished to Prince's Island in 766, 405;

degraded in Sancta Sophia, 407;

imprisoned, condemned, beheaded, and dissected, 768, 408.

Cyrus, made by Heraclius patriarch of Alexandria, 105;

constructor with Sergius, of the Monothelite heresy, 105;

supplies Heraclius with heresy drawn out scientifically, 253.

Desiderius, last king of the Lombards, 757-774, made by help of Pope Stephen II., 433;

plots against Popes Paul I., Stephen III., and Adrian I., 433-438;

marries his daughter to Charlemagne in 770, repudiated by him in 771, 437;

gets rid of the Palatine judges Christophorus and Sergius, 439;

encounters and is foiled by Pope Adrian I., 441-446;

is invested in Pavia by Charlemagne in 773, 447;

conquered and deposed by him in 774, 457.

De Vere, Aubrey, quoted, 373, the sin of Constantine cleaving his empire, note, 111.

Döllinger, quoted on the purpose of the Greek Council in Trullo, 264;

analyses Mohammed's religion and estimates his work, 23, 208;

sums up the effect of the Mohammedan attack, 224;

makes absolute despotism the proper offspring of Mohammed, 220-224;

what Mohammed was named by his companions, 217.