Footnotes Chapter IV.

216 Still, Underground Railroad, 410.

217 Ibid., 444.

218 F. L. Olmsted, Journey in the Back Country, 49.

219

"Gone, gone,—sold and gone
To the rice swamp dank and lone,—
Where the slave-whip ceaseless swings,
Where the noisome insect stings,
Where the fever demon strews
Poison with the falling dews,
Where the sickly sunbeams glare
Through the hot and misty air,—
Gone, gone,—sold and gone
To the rice swamp dank and lone
From Virginia's hills and waters,—
Woe is me, my stolen daughters!
"There no mother's eye is near them,
There no mother's ear can hear them;
Never, when the torturing lash
Seams their back with many a gash,
Shall a mother's kindness bless them,
Or a mother's arms caress them....
"Oh, when weary, sad, and slow
From the fields at night they go,
Faint with toil, and racked with pain,
To their cheerless homes again,—
There no brother's voice shall greet them
There no father's welcome meet them."

220 Still, Underground Railroad, 443.

221 Ibid., 448.

222 Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, 293.

223 Still, Underground Railroad, 27.

224 F. L. Olmsted, The Cotton Kingdom, 157.

225 F. L. Olmsted, Journey in the Back Country, 444.

226 W. I. Bowditch, Slavery and the Constitution; Macon (Ga.) Telegram, Nov. 27, 1838.

227 Ball, Mammoth Pictorial Tour of United States, 54; F. L. Olmsted, Journey in the Back Country, 155.

228 W. I. Bowditch, Slavery and the Constitution; Macon (Ga.) Telegram, Nov. 27, 1838.

229 Liberator, April 12, 1839.

230 Wm. Parker, Freedman's Story, in Atlantic Monthly, February and March, 1866; Letter from Gerrit Smith, in Liberator, Dec. 28, 1838.

231 J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 93.

232 Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, 196.

233 Appendix D, No. 41; Antislavery Almanac, 74.

234 J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 83.

235 Appendix D, No. 41.

236 Smedley, The Underground Railroad, 26.

237 Lalor's Cyclopædia, I. 5; Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, II. 58, 59.

238 Clarke, Antislavery Days, 81.

239 Smedley, The Underground Railroad, 35.

240 Ibid., 64, 138.

241 Ibid., 568-570.

242 Ibid., 172.

243 Ibid., 34.

244 Ibid., 146.

245 Smedley, Underground Railroad, 58.

246 Harriet, the Moses of her People.

247 Clarke, Antislavery Days, 81.

248 Liberator, March 2, 1860.

249 Pamphlet proposing a Defensive League of Freedom, 6.

250 Smedley, Underground Railroad, 241.

251 Ibid., 355.

252 Douglass, My Bondage and Freedom, 323.

253 J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 83.

254 Lalor's Cyclopædia, I. 5; Congressional Globe, 36 Cong. 1 Sess., Appendix, 250.

255 Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, II. 58, 59.

Footnotes Chapter V.

256 Revised Laws of Indiana, 1824, p. 221.

257 Laws of Connecticut, 1838, p. 32.

258 Acts and Resolves of Vermont, 1840, p. 13.

259 Laws of New York, 1840, p. 174.

260 See ante, § 27.

261 Laws of Massachusetts, 1843, p. 33.

262 Acts and Resolves of Vermont, 1843, p. 11.

263 Laws of Pennsylvania, 1847, p. 206.

264 Acts and Resolves of Rhode Island, 1848, p. 12.

265 Laws of Vermont, 1850, p. 9.

266 Public Acts of Connecticut, 1854, p. 80.

267 Laws of Rhode Island, 1854, p. 22.

268 Laws of Massachusetts, 1855, p. 924; 1858, p. 151.

269 Laws of Michigan, 1855, p. 415.

270 Laws of Maine, 1857, p. 38.

271 Lalor, III. 162.

272 Lalor, III. 162.

273 Laws of Ohio, 1857, p. 170; 1857, p. 10.

274 Lalor, III. 162.

275 The following tabulation shows the provisions of the personal liberty laws as distributed among the States:—

Judges and justices forbidden to take cognizance.
Massachusetts, 1843; Vermont, 1843; Connecticut, 1838; Rhode Island, 1854; Maine, 1855; Pennsylvania, 1847.

Writ of habeas corpus.
Massachusetts, 1855; Michigan, 1855; Maine, 1857; Connecticut, 1838 and 1844.

Jury trial.
Indiana, 1824; New York, 1840; Vermont, 1840, 1850, and 1858; Connecticut, 1838; Michigan, 1855; Massachusetts, 1855.

Use of jails forbidden.
Massachusetts, 1843 and 1855; Vermont, 1843 and 1858; Pennsylvania, 1847; Rhode Island, 1848; Maine, 1855; Michigan, 1855; Ohio, 1857.

Attorneys employed to defend fugitives.
New York, 1840; Vermont, 1840; Massachusetts, 1855; Maine, 1857.

False testimony punished.
Connecticut, 1838 and 1844; Michigan, 1855.

Admission of national officers.
Connecticut, 1838 and 1844; Vermont, 1844; Maine, 1855; New Hampshire, 1857.

276 See ante, § 44.

277 Laws of Massachusetts, 1843, p. 33.

278 See ante, § 57.

279 Parker, Personal Liberty Laws, 27.

280 See ante, § 54.

281 See ante, § 55.

282 Parker, Personal Liberty Laws, 27; Laws of Massachusetts, 1855, p. 924; Appendix D, No. 60, case of William Johnson.

283 Laws of Massachusetts, 1858, p. 151.

284 Acts and Resolves of Maine, 1855, p. 207.

285 Ibid., 1857, p. 38.

286 Acts and Resolves of New Hampshire, 1857, p. 1876.

287 Acts and Resolves of Vermont, 1840, p. 13.

288 Laws of Vermont, 1843, p. 11.

289 Ibid., 1850, p. 9.

290 Acts and Resolves of Rhode Island, 1848, p. 12.

291 Laws of Rhode Island, 1854, p. 22.

292 Laws of New York, 1840, p. 174.

293 Laws of Pennsylvania, 1847, p. 206.

294 Laws of Ohio, 1857, p. 170.

295 Laws of Ohio, 1858, p. 10.

296 Laws of Michigan, 1855, p. 415.

297 Lalor, III. 162.

298 Hurd, Law of Freedom and Bondage, II. 763; Von Holst, IV. 551; Parker, Personal Liberty Laws.

299 Phillips, No Slave Hunting in the Old Bay State; Phillips, Argument against repeal of Personal Liberty Law; Pierce, Personal Liberty Law, 4; Johnson, Speech on Personal Liberty Law, New York, 1861.

300 36 Cong. 2 Sess., Congressional Globe, Appendix, 2.

301 Lalor, III. 162.

Footnotes Chapter VI.

302 Ableman v. Booth, 3 Wis., 1.

303 Globe, 1860-61, p. 356, App. 197.

304 Globe, 1860-61, (Baker) 228, (Burnham) 970.

305 Senate Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., p. 18. Appendix C, No. 1.

306 House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., p. 60; Congr. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 77. Appendix C, Nos. 2-12. For a list of proposed constitutional amendments bearing on fugitive slaves, I am indebted to Mr. H. V. Ames, of the Harvard Graduate School, who has kindly furnished me transcripts from his material for a forthcoming monograph on proposed amendments to the Constitution.

307 Cong. Globe, 3 Cong. 2 Sess., 114. Appendix C, Nos. 2-12.

308 House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 70; Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 79. Appendix C, No. 10.

309 House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 67; Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 77. Appendix C, No. 3.

310 House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 70; Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 78. Appendix C, No. 11.

311 Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 1328.

312 Appendix C, No. 25.

313 Liberator, Nov. 1, 1861; Edw. L. Pierce, in Atlantic Monthly, November, 1861.

314 Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 1076.

315 Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 1077.

316 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 218. Appendix C, Nos. 30, 31.

317 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 219.

318 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 412.

319 House Journal, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 197; Cong. Globe, 409, 410. Appendix C, No. 31.

320 Senate Journal, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 178; Cong. Globe, 434. Appendix C, No. 31.

321 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 454. Appendix C, No. 31.

322 Appendix C, Nos. 37, 40, 44.

323 Appendix C, No. 52.

324 Appendix C, No. 59. Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and reported by them, April 16, 1862. Appendix C, No. 67.

325 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 944.

326 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 946.

327 Appendix C, No. 71.

328 Appendix C, No. 72.

329 Appendix C, No. 73. Previous bills introduced by Mr. Eliot had been unfavorably reported on by the Judiciary Committee. Appendix C, No. 69.

330 Appendix C, No. 75.

331 Appendix C, No. 78.

332 Appendix C, No. 78.

333 Appendix C, No. 79.

334 Appendix C, No. 79.

335 Liberator, July 19, 1861; Appendix D, No. 68.

336 Williams, History of Negro Race in America, 245; Appendix D, No. 69.

337 Appendix C, Nos. 36, 43, 44, 46-48.

338 Appendix C, No. 35.

339 Appendix C, No. 66.

340 Appendix C, No. 41.

341 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 110; Appendix C, No. 42.

342 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess, 130.

343 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 130.

344 Appendix C, No. 47.

345 Appendix C, No. 48.

346 Appendix C, No. 58.

347 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 955.

348 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 956.

349 Liberator, May 1, 1863 Extract from Frankfort Commonwealth.

350 Appendix C, No. 33.

351 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 10.

352 Appendix C, No. 33.

353 Appendix C, No. 39.

354 Appendix C, No. 38.

355 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 182; Appendix C, No. 51.

356 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 313.

357 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 264.

358 Appendix C, No 51.

359 Appendix C, Nos. 42, 54, 56.

360 Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America, iii. 273.

361 Appendix C, Nos. 62, 65.

362 Appendix D, No. 68.

363 Appendix C, No. 49.

364 Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 1356.

365 Appendix C, No. 76.

366 Three bills were introduced in the House on the same day, December 14, 1863, by Messrs. Stevens, Julian, and Ashley. They were read twice and referred. Appendix C, No. 80. Before the final consideration of the subject, on February 8, 1864, two more bills were introduced in Congress, Mr. Sumner's in the Senate, and Mr. Spalding's in the House. The former went to the Committee on the Judiciary, the latter to the Select Committee on Slavery and Freedom. Appendix C, No. 80.

367Appendix C, No. 80.

368 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2774, 2775.

369 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2914.

370 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2914.

371 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2911.

372 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2913.

373 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2919.

374 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2917.

375 Cong. Globe. 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2920.

376 Senate Journal, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 196; Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 869; Appendix C, No. 80.

377 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1175.

378 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1710.

379 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1709.

380 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1713.

381 Senate Journal, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 348; Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1710, 1714.

382 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1752.

383 Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 3191; Appendix C, No. 83.

384 Appendix C, No. 83.

Transcriber's note: Original spelling varieties have been maintained; footnotes were renumbered. The index was changed to refer to section numbers instead of page numbers. Abbreviations and references changed for clarity: § 11: o'selves—> we could not promise ourselves from you; w'ch—> which are shortly like to be nearer neighbors; O'tres—> vpon the receiving of these Outres; p'ties—> the demand of the parties interessted; p'sons—> compell such other persons.——§ 29, Footnotes 158, 159: "Appendix B, Nos. 68., 83, 84" not found; all linked to Appendix B, No. 30. ——§ 84 not listed in the original.——§ 101., Footnote 366: "Appendix C, Nos. 104, 106" not found; both linked to Appendix C, No. 80.——§ 103, Footnote 384: "Appendix C, No. 116" not found; linked to Appendix C, No. 83.——Appendix A, No. 9: appr'ntices—> apprentices; w'th—> with; fr'o—> from; pr'euenting—> preuenting.——Appendix A, 31: ag't—> against; Satisfacc'on—> Satisfaccion; reparac'on—> reparacion; Lord Prop'ry—> Lord Proprietary; publicac'on—> publicacion; Informac'on—> Informacion.——Appendix A, No. 66: goalers—> Fees of the gaolers given.——Appendix C, No. 80: "See No. 84" not found, linked to No. 83. ——Appendix E, No. 9: reminscences—> the reminiscences of participants.