Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only by two specimens from Matamoros (Miller, 1897:108).
1891. Atalapha teliotis H. Allen, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 29:5, April 10, type from an unknown locality, probably some part of California.
1897. Lasiurus borealis teliotis, Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:110, October 16.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Generally distributed in higher parts of state.
Eight June-taken females, all lactating, from the Sierra de Tamaulipas averaged 10.0 (8-12) grams; five males from there weighed 9.2 (8-10) grams. According to Hall and Kelson (1959:188), males of this species usually are more brightly colored than females but this phenomenon is not evident in the Tamaulipan specimens. Males do, however, average slightly smaller than females.
The name Lasiurus borealis teliotis is employed following Handley (1960:472); formerly L. b. ornatus Hall was applied (Hall and Kelson, 1959:190) to bats here referred to as teliotis.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 7: Cd. Victoria, 1800 ft., 1; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 14 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 16 mi. W Piedra, 1400 ft., 4.
1776. Vespertilio cinereus (misspelled linereus) Palisot de Beauvois, Catalogue raisonné du muséum de Mr. C. W. Peale, Philadelphia, p. 18, type from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1864. Lasiurus cinereus H. Allen, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 7 (publ. 165): 21, June.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Probably state-wide but so far reported only from Matamoros (Miller, 1897:114), and Aserradero del Infernillo (Goodwin, 1954:6—cranium only).
1862. Lasiurus intermedius H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14:246, "April" (between May 27 and August 1), type from Matamoros, Tamaulipas.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Eastern half of state, known only from three localities.
The three specimens examined were taken in mist nets along with Lasiurus ega, Pteronotus rubiginosus and Mormoops megalophylla.
The generic name Lasiurus is used instead of Dasypterus following Hall and Jones (1961).
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 3: Sierra de Tamaulipas, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 16 mi. W Piedra, 1400 ft., 2.
Additional record: Matamoros (H. Allen, 1862:246).
1897. Dasypterus ega xanthinus Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 20:544, December, type from Sierra Laguna, Baja California.
1953. Lasiurus ega xanthinus, Dalquest, Louisiana State Univ. Studies, Biol. Ser., 1:61, December 28.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Probably occurs in southern and western parts of state; certainly known only from the Sierra de Tamaulipas.
Three June-taken females, all captured in mist nets, were lactating.
Hall and Jones (1961:91) assigned all Mexican specimens of the southern yellow bat to Lasiurus ega xanthinus, but remarked that specimens from western México were paler than those from the east. Of the six specimens examined from Tamaulipas, four are dark, resembling in color specimens from Veracruz, Yucatán and Costa Rica, and the other two are somewhat paler, approaching specimens from Baja California, Zacatecas and Coahuila. In measurements, Tamaulipan specimens of Lasiurus ega generally resemble specimens from the west, but differ from any other L. ega seen in having a longer tail, longer ear, and shorter maxillary tooth-row.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 6: Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 4; 10 mi. W, 3 mi. S. Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; 16 mi. W, 3 mi. S. Piedra, 1400 ft., 1.
Nycticeius humeralis has the same distributional pattern in Tamaulipas as has Lasiurus borealis in that both are represented there by two subspecies, one known only from Matamoros and the other occurring in the rest of the state. Bats of this species (N. h. mexicanus) from Ciudad Victoria and some from the Sierra de Tamaulipas were shot in flight in evening; others from the last-mentioned locality were taken in mist nets. Lactating females (22 specimens) were collected in June and July.
1818. Vespertilio humeralis Rafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag., 3(6):445, October, type from Kentucky.
1819. N[ycticeius]. humeralis Rafinesque, Jour. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. et Arts, Paris, 88:417, June.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Matamoros (Miller, 1897:120), one specimen.
1944. Nycticeius humeralis mexicanus Davis, Jour. Mamm., 25:380, December 12, type from Río Ramos, 1000 ft., 20 km. NW Montemorelos, Nuevo León.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known certainly only from central part, but probably occurs at suitable places in all but extreme northern Tamaulipas.
Twenty-seven of 37 adults of N. humeralis examined from Tamaulipas are pale as is N. h. mexicanus, but 10 are darker and approach N. h. humeralis in this respect. Twenty-two females averaged 10.3 (9-13) grams and eight males averaged 9.5 (8-11) grams in weight.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 45: Cd. Victoria, 10; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 2-3 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 31; 3 mi. S, 16 mi. W Piedra, 1400 ft., 4.
1866. R[hogeëssa]. tumida H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 18:286, type from Mirador, Veracruz.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Southeastern part of state.
Specimens obtained from the vicinity of La Pesca were shot as were some from the Sierra de Tamaulipas. Others from the Sierra de Tamaulipas were taken in mist nets that were stretched across a small pool in an arroyo; Eptesicus fuscus, Myotis velifer, M. keenii and Nycticeus humeralis were captured in the same nets.
Females evidently bear young in Tamaulipas in April and May. Fourteen of 15 females collected at La Pesca in May were lactating, as were five of 31 taken in the Sierra de Tamaulipas in June. The weight of 46 females averaged 5.5 (4-7) grams, and that of nine males, 4.5 (4-5) grams.
Comparison of specimens from Tamaulipas with individuals from Veracruz reveals little difference in general color between the two samples. Most Tamaulipan specimens examined are dull yellowish brown, but some are darker. Goodwin (1954:6) reported a specimen from Santa María as being dark brown. Measurements of 10 females (see below) from the Sierra de Tamaulipas average a little larger than those reported by Miller (1897:123-124), Hall (1952:232), and Goodwin (1958:10-12). I follow the last author in using the specific name R. tumida for this bat.
Measurements.—Average and extreme measurements of 10 females from the Sierra de Tamaulipas are as follows: 80.1 (78-83); 35.5 (33-37); 7.9 (7.5-8.0); 13.1 (13-14); length of forearm, 31.9 (30.6-33.0); greatest length of skull, 13.4 (13.1-13.8); zygomatic breadth, 8.6 (8.2-8.8); mastoid breadth, 5.6 (5.3-5.8); breadth across M3, 5.7 (5.5-6.0); length of maxillary tooth-row, 4.8 (4.7-4.9).
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 59: 4 mi. N La Pesca, 1; 3 mi. N La Pesca, 3; 2 mi. N La Pesca, 11; 1 mi. N La Pesca, 4; La Pesca, 1; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 39.
Additional record: Santa María (Goodwin, 1958:3).
1916. Corynorhynus phyllotis G. M. Allen, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60:352, April, type from San Luis Potosí, probably near city of same name.
1959. Plecotus phyllotis, Handley, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 110:130, Sept. 3.
1923. Idionycteris mexicanus Anthony, Amer. Mus. Novit., 54:1, January 17, type from Miquihuana, Tamaulipas.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from Miquihuana.
The only specimen of this bat known from Tamaulipas was reported by Anthony (1923:1), and formed the basis of his description of Idionycteris mexicanus, a synonym of Plecotus phyllotis according to Handley (1956:53 and 1959:130).
1856. V[espertilio]. pallidus Le Conte, Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Philadelphia, 7:437, type from El Paso, El Paso Co., Texas.
1864. Antrozous pallidus, H. Allen, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 7 (Publ. 165): 68, June.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from a single ramus from Aserradero del Infernillo (Goodwin, 1954:6).
1860. Molossus mexicanus Saussure, Revue et Mag. Zool., Paris, ser. 2, 12:283, July, type from Cofre de Perote, 13,000 ft., Veracruz.
1955. Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana, Schwartz, Jour. Mamm., 36:108, February 28.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Probably state-wide, but presently known from only five localities.
A female taken on June 21 in a mist net on the Sierra de Tamaulipas carried an embryo that was 29 mm. in crown-rump length. Two specimens were shot in flight in the deepest part of Cueva La Mula.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 4: 8 km. S Cd. Victoria, 1; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; Cueva La Mula, 10 km. W Joya Verde, 2400 ft., 2.
Additional records: Río Bravo (town) (Villa, 1956:8); Rancho "La Isla," 3 km. N El Limón (Malaga and Villa, 1957:560); Cueva del Abra (ibid.); no specific locality (Shamel, 1931:6).
1848. Dysopes aurispinosus Peale, U. S. Expl. Exp., 8:21, type taken on board the U. S. S. Peacock at sea, approximately 100 mi. S Cape San Roque, Brazil.
1931. Tadarida aurispinosa, Shamel, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 78:11, May 6.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from Cueva del Abra, six miles north-northeast of Antiguo Morelos.
Carter and Davis (1961) recorded for the first time this species from North America, on the basis of five specimens collected at Cueva del Abra. From the same locality P. L. Clifton collected several owl pellets which provide, besides many skulls of Tadarida laticaudata, four crania of T. aurispinosa. Available measurements of three, of the four T. aurispinosa, resemble those given by Carter and Davis (op. cit.) for their specimens. Measurements of the fourth cranium are smaller (greatest length of skull, 19.4; zygomatic breadth, 11.1; interorbital constriction, 3.7; cranial breadth, 9.1; mastoid breadth, 10.7; basal length, 16.3; length of maxillary tooth-*row, 7.4; breadth across M3, 7.9), but not outside the expected range of individual variation if we can judge by the range recorded by Jones and Alvarez (1962) for the related Tadarida laticaudata.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 4, from [Cueva del Abra], 6 mi. (by road) NNE Antiguo Morelos.
1954. Tadarida laticaudata ferruginea Goodwin, Amer. Mus. Novit., 1670:2, June 28, type from 8 mi. N Antiguo Morelos, Tamaulipas.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from southeastern part of state.
Specimens from three miles south and 16 miles west of Piedra were found in a crevice inside a cave. Two days previously Desmodus rotundus and Natalus stramineus were obtained from the same cave. All other specimens from the Sierra de Tamaulipas were caught in mist nets. Nycticeus humeralis, Myotis velifer, Eptesicus fuscus, Lasiurus borealis and L. intermedius were taken in nets that also captured T. laticaudata.
All specimens taken (June 19-23) in the Sierra de Tamaulipas were females, except one. Of 33 females taken, 27 carried a single embryo each, the embryos averaging 27.0 (25-28) mm. in crown-rump length; the other five were lactating. Weight of the pregnant females averaged 16.0 (13-18) grams and that of the five lactating individuals averaged 13.0 (12-14) grams. A male weighed 22 grams.
For the taxonomic status of this species in North America see Jones and Alvarez (1962).
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 65: Sierra de Tamaulipas, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 27; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 16 mi. W Piedra, 1400 ft., 7; 5 mi. S El Mante, 8 (AMNH); 11 mi. S El Mante, 13 (AMNH); 10 km. NNE Antiguo Morelos, 1; 8 mi. N Antiguo Morelos, 7 (5 AMNH, 2 KU); 20 mi. SW El Mante, 2 (AMNH).
1902. Molossus nigricans Miller, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 54:395, September 12, type from Acaponeta, Nayarit.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Southern part of state, north at least to Guemes.
At Rancho Pano Ayuctle, according to the field notes of the collector (Schaldach), the red mastiff bat was common, and found daytime retreats in hollows in cypress trees. Schaldach twice found groups of bats in such hollows. M. a. nigricans is an early forager and most individuals seen were in flight before sunset, usually flying in a more or less straight line at heights of 25 to 60 feet above the ground. The odor of the chest gland was described by Schaldach as "strong" and "geranium-like." A female obtained three miles northeast of Guemes on August 19 carried a single embryo that was 33 mm. in crown-rump length.
Specimens examined average slightly smaller than the type specimen, especially in total length, length of hind foot, length of skull and length of maxillary tooth-row. Davis (1951:219) also noted some of these same differences in a specimen examined by him from two miles south of Ciudad Victoria. The variation in color is great among Tamaulipan specimens. Of the 15 examined, two are Dark Mummy Brown, six are Mummy Brown, six are Sudan Brown, and one is paler than Sudan Brown.
I follow Goodwin (1960:6) in using the specific name ater.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 15: 3 mi. NE Guemes, 2; Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd. Victoria, 260 m., 2; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gómez Farías, 300 ft., 1; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N El Mante and 3 km. W Pan-American Hwy., 2200 ft., 8; 8 km. W, 10 km. N El Encino, 400 ft., 2.
Additional records (Davis, 1951:219): 2 mi. S Cd. Victoria; Altamira.
1866. Ateles vellerosus Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 773 (for 1865), April, type locality "Brasil?"; restricted to Mirador, 2000 ft., about 15 mi. NE Huatusco, Veracruz, by Kellogg and Goldman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 96:33, November 2, 1944.
1944. Ateles geoffroyi vellerosus, Kellogg and Goldman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 96:32, November 2.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Probably extreme southern part.
No specimens of this monkey have been taken in Tamaulipas although Kellogg and Goldman (1944:34) pointed out that it probably occurred in the tropical forest of the southern part of the state. Later, Villa (1958:347) reported that A. Malaga Alba saw monkeys in 1954 at Barranca de Caballeros, approximately 25 kilometers north-northwest of Ciudad Victoria. No other report of their occurrence in the state has been forthcoming.
1864. Dasypus novemcinctus var. mexicanus Peters, Montsb. preuss Akad. Wiss., Berlin, p. 180, type from Matamoros, Tamaulipas (see Hollister, Jour. Mamm., 6:60, February 9, 1925).
1920. D[asypus]. novemcinctus mexicanus, Goldman, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 69 (5):66, April 24.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Probably state-wide except on Mexican Plateau; presently known only from five localities.
A 13-pound female from four kilometers west-southwest of La Purisima was captured after it was forced by the collector (Dalquest) and his dog out of the burrow that was under a log. A young specimen examined from seven kilometers southwest of La Purisima was captured by a dog. A partial skeleton including the skull was picked up on the barrier beach at a place 33 miles south of Washington Beach.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 3 (see text immediately above).
Additional records: Matamoros (Hollister, 1925:60); Rancho del Cielo (Hooper, 1953:11).
1890. Lepus truei J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 3:192, December 10, type from Mirador, Veracruz.
1950. Sylvilagus brasiliensis truei, Hershkovitz, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 100:351, May 26.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Southern part of state; known only from Rancho del Cielo (Goodwin, 1954:7).
1904. Lepus (Sylvilagus) parvulus J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 20:34, February 29, type from Apam, Hidalgo.
1909. Sylvilagus audubonii parvulus, Nelson, N. Amer. Fauna, 29:236, August 31.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Western part of state.
The specimen examined, a male that weighed 646 grams, was shot at night.
This species occurs only in western Tamaulipas. Hall and Kelson (1959:267, map 187) mistakenly plotted El Mulato, as being in the eastern part of the state; actually this locality is in the San Carlos Mountains of the west, near the boundary between Tamaulipas and Nuevo León.
Records of occurrence.—One specimen examined from 4 mi. SW Nuevo Laredo, 900 ft.
Additional records (Nelson, 1909:237, unless otherwise noted): Nuevo Laredo; Guerrero; Mier; Camargo; El Mulato (Dice, 1937:256); Miquihuana.
This species occurs throughout Tamaulipas. A female from Soto la Marina, obtained on May 17, was lactating; another from 12 miles northwest of San Carlos, on August 23, carried two embryos that were 15 mm. in crown-rump length.
1899. Lepus floridanus chapmani J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 12:12, March 4, type from Corpus Christi, Nueces Co., Texas.
1904. Sylvilagus (Sylvilagus) floridanus chapmani, Lyon, Smith. Misc. Coll., 45:336, June 15.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Northern two-thirds of state.
A male and pregnant female from 12 miles northwest of San Carlos weighed, respectively, 650 and 690 grams.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 17: San Fernando, 180 ft., 3; 12 mi. NW San Carlos, 1300 ft., 3; La Pesca, 3; Soto la Marina, 500 ft., 6; Ejido Eslabones, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 2.
Additional record: Jaumave (Nelson, 1909:178).
1904. Lepus floridanus connectens Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 17:105, May 18, type from Chichicaxtle, Veracruz.
1909. Sylvilagus floridanus connectens, Lyon and Osgood, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 62:32, January 28.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Southern part of state.
This subspecies has been reported previously from Tamaulipas only from Altamira. Specimens from 10 kilometers north and eight kilometers west of El Encino and 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria, judging by their large size, dark color, and ochraceous brown (rather than pale ochraceous as in S. f. chapmani) upper sides of the hind feet are assignable to connectens.
Goodwin (1954:7) reported specimens from Chamal, Joya de Salas, Gómez Farías, and Pano Ayuctle as S. f. chapmani, remarking that they were intergrades between chapmani and connectens. Specimens reported by Goodwin are here assigned to S. f. connectens because the measurements of the specimen from eight kilometers west of El Encino are typical of that subspecies.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 4: 10 km. N, 8 km. W El Encino, 400 ft., 1; 2 km. W El Carrizo, 2; 9 mi. SW Tula, 5200 ft., 1.
Additional records (Goodwin, 1954:7, unless otherwise noted): Chamal; La Joya de Salas; Gómez Farías; Rancho Pano Ayuctle; Altamira (Nelson, 1909:186).
The black-tailed jack rabbit is the only species of Lepus known from Tamaulipas and is represented there by three subspecies, L. c. merriami of the northern part of the state, L. c. altamirae of the southeastern coastal plains, and L. c. curti of the barrier beach south of Matamoros. The known ranges of the three subspecies are not presently known to meet in Tamaulipas.
1904. Lepus merriami altamirae Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 17:109, May 18, type from Altamira, Tamaulipas.
1951. Lepus californicus altamirae, Hall, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:45, October 1.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Southern coastal plain north certainly to vicinity of Soto la Marina.
The two specimens examined in this study (see below) are intermediate between L. c. altamirae and L. c. curti, but show greater resemblance to the former. In measurements they resemble altamirae rather than the smaller curti. They approach the latter in length of hind foot and are intermediate between the two subspecies in basilar length; in one specimen, the dimensions of the rostrum are as in curti and the other has the black patch on the posterior surface of the ear well developed, as in altamirae, but in the other the black is reduced. L. c. altamirae has been known previously only from Altamira.
Measurements.—Two male adults (55415, 55416) from north of Soto la Marina, afford the following external measurements: 610, 590; 100, 100; 124, 125; 124, 122 (length of ear from notch, dry, 114, 110). Cranial measurements are: basilar length, 75.1, 74.4; length of nasals, 46.1, 41.9; width of rostrum at PM, 25.1, 28.7; height of rostrum in front of PM, 25.2, 21.5; diameter of auditory bulla, 14.1, 13.0.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 2: 3 mi. N Soto la Marina, 1; 2 mi. NW Soto la Marina, 1.
Additional record: Altamira (Nelson, 1904:109).
1951. Lepus californicus curti Hall, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:42, October 1, type from barrier beach 88 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, Tamaulipas.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only by the three specimens mentioned in the original description from two barrier islands in northeastern part of state.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 3: 88 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 2; 90 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 1.
1896. Lepus merriami Mearns, Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals from the Mexican border of the United States, p. 2, March 25, type from Fort Clark, Kinney Co., Texas.
1909. Lepus californicus merriami, Nelson, N. Amer. Fauna, 29:148, August 31.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Northern and western parts of state.
The two specimens examined, an adult female and a young male, from the barrier beach 33 miles south of Washington Beach are intergrades between L. c. merriami, reported from the mainland from as near as Matamoros, and L. c. curti, which occurs farther to the south on the same series of barrier beaches. Of seven characters that seem to differentiate the two subspecies, the adult female from 33 miles south of Washington beach resembles merriami in four as follows: tips of ears black (white in curti); nasals long; hind foot long; and supraoccipital process broad. The specimen resembles curti in shortness of tail and in having small auditory bullae. Breadth of rostrum above premolars, the seventh character, is less than in typical specimens of either of the two subspecies. More material is needed from the barrier beach in order to establish with certainty the relationships between jack rabbits occurring there.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 4: 33 mi. S Washington Beach, 2; 12 mi. NW San Carlos, 1300 ft., 2.
Additional records: Nuevo Laredo (Nelson, 1909:150); Mier (ibid.); Camargo (ibid.); Matamoros (Hall, 1951:185); Tamaulipeca, San Carlos Mts. (ibid.).
1896. Spermophilus mexicanus parvidens Mearns, Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals from the Mexican border of the United States, p. 1, March 25, type from Fort Clark, Kinney Co., Texas.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Northern part of state, south at least to Xicotencatl.
Most of the specimens examined from Tamaulipas are in the brown phase (Howell, 1938:121) and differ from S. m. parvidens from Texas, Coahuila, and Nuevo León in being darker dorsally. Nevertheless, some individuals are as pale as those examined from the mentioned states. Measurements of Tamaulipan specimens average smaller than those given by Howell (1938:121) and Baker (1956:205) for parvidens.
Specimens from San Fernando differ slightly from those from Soto la Marina in having a relatively long tail (average 69.2 instead of 62.1 per cent of length of head and body) and in having the upper parts of the hind feet ochraceous instead of nearly white.
Two May-taken females from Soto la Marina carried 5 and 7 embryos that were 10 mm. in crown-rump length; another taken there was lactating. Weight of six non-pregnant females from San Fernando averaged 160.6 (129-197) grams. Two males from the same locality weighed 164 and 145 grams.
Measurements.—Average and extreme measurements of four males and three females from Soto la Marina are, as follows: 312.6 (296-330); 119.8 (110-130); 41.6 (38-43). Average cranial measurements of five specimens (two males, three females) from same locality are: greatest length of skull, 44.7 (43.7-47.4); zygomatic breadth, 26.9 (25.3-28.6); breadth of braincase, 19.4 (19.2-19.5); interorbital constriction, 13.3 (12.5-14.1); length of nasals, 15.9 (14.6-17.5); length of maxillary tooth-row, 8.3 (8.0-8.5).
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 20: San Fernando, 180 ft., 12; Soto la Marina, 500 ft., 8.
Additional records (Howell, 1938:121 unless otherwise noted): Nuevo Laredo; Mier; Camargo; Reynosa; Bagdad; Victoria; Xecotencatl [= Xicotencatl] (J. A. Allen, 1891:223).
1962. Spermophilus spilosoma oricolus Alvarez, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 14:123, March 7, type from 1 mi. E La Pesca, Tamaulipas.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from the type locality and from parts of the barrier beach, but possibly occurs at other places in northeastern parts of state.
The 10 specimens from the type locality were trapped or shot on the beach, which was covered by thick, low, scattered bushes and grass. Of the many holes found there, some probably were used by ground squirrels and others by crabs. A female, taken on July 7 with two young at a place 33 miles south of Washington Beach, weighed 133 grams and had six placental scars. This specimen (reported as Spermophilus spilosoma annectens by Selander et al., 1962:335) resembles others examined from the barrier beach (see Alvarez, 1962:124) and is therefore assigned to S. s. oricolus.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 24: 33 mi. S Washington Beach, 1; 88 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 12; 89 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 1; 1 mi. E La Pesca, 10.
1855. Spermophilus couchii Baird, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1:332, April, type from Santa Catarina, a few miles west of Monterrey, Nuevo León.
1955. Spermophilus variegatus couchii, Baker, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist, 9:207, June 15.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Possibly in southwestern part; reported only from Ciudad Victoria (Howell, 1938:141).
Since Baird (1855:332) described S. v. couchii and mentioned a specimen from Ciudad Victoria that was obtained by Berlandier, no other record from Tamaulipas has come to light. Probably the species obtained by Berlandier was introduced at Ciudad Victoria by man.
1829. [Sciurus] aureogaster Cuvier, in Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, and F. Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm., 6, livr. 59 pl. with text, September (binomen published only at end of work, table générale et méthodique, 7:4, 1842), type locality "California"; restricted to Altamira, Tamaulipas, by Nelson (Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 1:38, May 9, 1899).
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Tropical forest of southern part; north at least to Rancho Santa Rosa.
According to one collector (Schaldach), natives referred to Sciurus aureogaster as "ardilla pinta" or "ardilla colorada." He recorded in his field notes that S. aureogaster was most active between 7:00 and 9:00 a. m. and again from 3:00 to 5:00 p. m., that the nest was constructed of green oak leaves, and that the nest resembles somewhat in size and form that of S. carolinensis.
Of 53 specimens examined, 17 are black and one from 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria is clearly more whitish than the others. Specimens from the northeastern part of the range of the species (= southeastern Tamaulipas) average darker than those from the south and west. In individuals that are not black, the ventral reddish color covers the shoulders and in some it extends between the shoulders to the median dorsal area.
Among females collected from December through May, only one, taken 43 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria on March 17, was pregnant (one embryo).
The weight of seven adult males from Soto la Marina and the Sierra de Tamaulipas averaged 492.5 (400-575) grams.
Specimens herein reported from San Fernando provide the northernmost record of the species.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 53: San Fernando, 180 ft., 5; 9-1/2 mi. SW Padilla, 800 ft., 3; Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd. Victoria, 260 m., 8; 3 mi. NE Guemes, 5; Soto la Marina (3 mi. N), 500 ft., 6; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 8 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 6; 43 km. S Cd. Victoria, 1; Ejido Santa Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 5; 70 km. (by highway) S Cd. Victoria, 6 mi. W of Pan-American Highway, 3; 2 mi. W El Carrizo, 7; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gómez Farías, 300 ft., 2; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 300 ft., 1; 8 km. W, 10 km. N El Encino, 400 ft., 1.
Additional records: Río Corono (= Corona) (J. A. Allen, 1891:222); Victoria (Kelson, 1952:249); Santa María (Goodwin, 1954:8); 3 mi. NW Acuña, 3500 ft. (Hooper, 1953:4); Forlón (Nelson, 1899:42); NE Zamorina (Hooper, 1953:4); Gómez Farías (Goodwin, 1954:8); Altamira (Nelson, 1899:42); Tampico (J. A. Allen, 1891:222).
1898. Sciurus negligens Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:147, June 3, type from Altamira, Tamaulipas.
1953. Sciurus deppei negligens, Hooper, Occas. Papers Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, 544:4, March 25.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Tropical forest in southern part of state, north to Rancho Santa Rosa and Padilla.
In Tamaulipas this squirrel is called "ardilla chica" or "ardilla barcina," and is abundant in areas where tall trees and dense brush prevail. This species evidently does not have restricted periods of activity, as does S. aureogaster, but is active throughout the day. At El Carrizo a nest, nine to 10 inches in diameter and constructed of leaves and small sticks, was in a thick tangle of branches 25 feet above the ground. A male having testes 11 mm. long was in the nest. Among 16 females collected in the months of February, May and June, only two, taken in February, were lactating. A female from 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria, had four placental scars, three on the right side and one on the left, along with a resorbed embryo on the right side; according to the collector "the scars appeared quite recent, as evidenced by the fact that not all of the blood had been resorbed yet."
The northernmost localities from which S. d. negligens has been reported are nine and a half miles southwest of Padilla in the east, and Rancho Santa Rosa in the west.
Three males from the vicinity of Padilla weighed 309, 276, and 261 grams.
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 92: 9-1/2 mi. SW Padilla, 800 ft., 3; Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd. Victoria, 260 m., 8; 3 mi. NE Guemes, 1; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 3; Ejido Santa Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 20; 70 km. (by highway) S Cd. Victoria and 6 mi. W Pan-American Highway, 43; 2 km. W El Carrizo, 12; 8 km. W, 10 km. N El Encino, 400 ft., 2.
Additional records: Victoria (Nelson, 1898:147); Santa María (Goodwin, 1954:8); Rancho Viejo (ibid.); Rancho del Cielo (ibid.); 3 mi. NW Acuña (Hooper, 1953:4); Pano Ayuctle (ibid.); Gómez Farías (Goodwin, 1954:8); Mesa de Llera, 10 mi. NE Zamorina (Hooper, 1953:4); Altamira (Nelson, 1898:147).
1898. Sciurus alleni Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:147, June 3, type from Monterrey, Nuevo León.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Along Sierra Madre Oriental in southwestern part of state.
This squirrel occurs in stands of oak and "nogalillos" (hickory) trees that grow along streams and arroyos. Individuals are active from sunrise to about 10:00 a. m. and again late in the afternoon. They give a soft "chirring" call.
Nelson (1899:92) noted that specimens from Miquihuana were smaller than those from the type locality. Among specimens I have examined, some are as large as topotypes and two females are larger (total length, 486 and 490) than measurements given for the species by Nelson (op. cit.).
Record of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 11, from Joya Verde, 35 km. SW Cd. Victoria, 3800 ft.
Additional records: Near Victoria (Nelson, 1899:92); Miquihuana (ibid.); Joya de Salas (Goodwin, 1954:8).
1936. Glaucomys volans herreranus Goldman, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., 26:463, November 15, type from Mts. of Veracruz.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from Aserradero del Infernillo (Goodwin, 1954:9 and 1961:9).
1889. Geomys personatus True, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 11:159 for 1888, January 5, type from Padre Island, Cameron County, Texas.
Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from the barrier beach in northeastern part of state.
The specimens examined are referred, tentatively, to Geomys personatus personatus on geographic grounds. They average smaller in all measurements than personatus (but are larger than G. p. megapotamus), do not have the sagittal crest that usually is present in personatus, and the shape of the pterygoid bones is distinctive. In personatus and megapotamus the ventral border of the pterygoids (in lateral view) is convex instead of nearly straight as in specimens from the barrier beach. The specimens recorded here are all that are known of G. personatus (see account of G. tropicalis) from México.
Measurements.—Average and extreme external measurements of five females from 73 miles south of Washington Beach are as follows: 266.8 (263-271); 94.8 (91-98); 34 (33-35). Cranial measurements of two males (89038, 89032) and average and extremes of five females are respectively: basal length, 49.1, 46.6, 45.9 (44.2-46.8); basilar length, 42.9, 40.0, 39.8 (38.0-40.8); zygomatic breadth, 29.6, 28.3, 28.0 (25.7-29.9); squamosal breadth, 27.8, 25.9, 26.2 (23.8-25.4); interorbital constriction, 7.4, 6.9, 7.3 (6.7-7.8); alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row, 10.3, 9.2, 9.4 (9.1-9.7).
Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 17: 35 mi. SSE Matamoros, 8; 33 mi. S Washington Beach, 1; 73 mi. S Washington Beach, 8.
Additional record: 4 mi. S Washington Beach (Selander et al., 1962:335—possibly fragmentary skeletal remains never catalogued in any research collection).
1915. Geomys personatus tropicalis Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 28:134, June 29, type from Altamira, Tamaulipas.