Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from vicinity of type locality, in southeastern part of state.

Geomys tropicalis was named as a subspecies of G. personatus in 1915 by E. A. Goldman. To my knowledge, no one other than Goldman has critically studied specimens of this pocket gopher, nor have specimens other than those listed in the original description been reported up to now. In 1953, Gerd H. Heinrich collected a series of 19 individuals one mile south of Altamira. These specimens were compared (by E. R. Hall in March, 1962) with the holotype and paratypes of G. p. tropicalis and were found to be indistinguishable.

Careful comparisons of the specimens from one mile south of Altamira with topotypes of G. personatus personatus (and specimens of other subspecies) indicate that tropicalis differs from personatus in a number of important characters, some of which tropicalis shares with Geomys arenarius of the Rio Grande Valley and adjacent areas in Texas, New Mexico, and Chihuahua (see Table 2).

Table 2.—Differences Between Three Species of Geomys.

  G. arenarius G. personatus G. tropicalis
Zygomatic arches parallel narrower
posteriorly
narrower
posteriorly
Sagittal crest absent present small
Squamosal knob present absent present
Interparietal subquadrant triangular triangular
Mesopterygoid fossa V-shaped U-shaped V-shaped
Ratio, zygomatic breadth
to basal length
63.7-66.6 66.3-67.2 60.8-66.2
Ratio, mastoid breadth
to basal length
58.0-60.4 59.8-63.1 58.0-59.6
Border of premaxilla at
incisive foramina
wedge-shaped subquadrate subquadrate

As can be seen in the accompanying table tropicalis resembles arenarius in half of the eight characters considered, especially in the presence of a knob on the zygomatic process of the squamosal (the diagnostic character of arenarius according to Merriam, 1895:140) and in the shape of the mesopterygoid fossa. G. tropicalis differs from arenarius principally in having a low sagittal crest in adult males (lacking in arenarius) and in the shape of the interparietal bone, which in tropicalis is small (in some skulls difficult to see) and triangular instead of being relatively large and subquadrate as in arenarius.

G. tropicalis resembles personatus in half of the characters considered, notably in shape of the interparietal bone, outline of zygomatic arches, and constriction of the premaxillae where they border the incisive foramina.

Considering the distinctive combination of characters possessed by tropicalis, and its isolated, restricted geographic range (the nearest known record of Geomys is approximately 165 miles to the north), tropicalis is here regarded as a full species. A skull alone examined from 10 miles northwest of Tampico does not differ from those of other specimens studied.

The average weight of five non-pregnant July-taken females was 189.4 (180-200) grams. Weights of three males were 280, 270, and 255 grams. Females are in all measurements smaller than males.

Measurements.—Average and extreme measurements of five females and three males from one mile south of Altamira are, respectively, as follows: 243.5 (235-250), 260, 260, 265; 82.0 (78-85), 87, 93, 89; 32.2 (31-33), 35, 35, 33; ear from notch in both sexes, 5; condylobasal length, 42.3 (41.3-43.1), 46.0, 48.0, 46.2; zygomatic breadth, 26.6 (25.1-27.7), 30.4, 31.2, 30.5; interorbital constriction, 6.2 (6.1-6.3), 6.0, 6.2, 6.3; length of nasals, 14.6 (14.0-15.3), 17.0, 16.8, 15.9; alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row, 9.0 (8.6-9.3), 9.9, 10.0, 9.4.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 19: 1 mi. S Altamira, 18; 10 mi. NW Tampico, 1.

Additional record: Altamira (Goldman, 1915:134).

Heterogeomys hispidus negatus Goodwin
Hispid Pocket Gopher

1953. Heterogeomys hispidus negatus Goodwin, Amer. Mus. Novit., 1620:1, May 4, type from Gómez Feras [Farías], 1300 ft., Tamaulipas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Specimens of this pocket gopher were taken in large Macabee traps, at night with the aid of a dog, and by natives using slingshots. Mounds of H. hispidus were common two miles west of El Carrizo near banana trees; the mouths of burrows were four to five inches in diameter. Two females collected at this locality on April 16 and 17 were lactating.

Specimens examined of H. hispidus from Tamaulipas resemble the description of H. h. negatus more than that of H. h. concavus, and are referred, therefore, to negatus. I assume, on geographic grounds, that the individuals reported by Hooper (1953:5) as concavus are negatus; they are here referred to as negatus. If this referral is correct, the subspecies concavus probably does not occur in Tamaulipas.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 6: Ejido Santa Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 1; 2 km. W El Carrizo, 1; 5 km. W El Carrizo, 4.

Additional records: Rancho Pano Ayuctle (Hooper, 1953:5); Gómez Farías (Goodwin, 1953:1).

Cratogeomys castanops
Yellow-faced Pocket Gopher

Two subspecies of Cratogeomys castanops occur in Tamaulipas, C. c. planifrons in the higher elevations of the Sierra Madre Oriental in the western part of the state, and C. c. tamaulipensis on the plains of the Río Grande.

Specimens from Miquihuana were trapped in tunnels at 6400 feet elevation. At Palmillas, individuals were trapped in an area of mesquite, other bushes and "lechuguilla." Three specimens from southeast of Reynosa were collected in traps set along the dikes of irrigation ditches. Most specimens from Nicolás were brought by natives to the collector, but some were caught in traps set in tunnels among the desert bushes.

Cratogeomys castanops planifrons Nelson and Goldman

1943. Cratogeomys castanops planifrons Nelson and Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 47:146, June 13, type from Miquihuana, 5000 ft., Tamaulipas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Higher elevations in southwestern part of state.

Specimens from four miles north of Jaumave do not differ from specimens from Miquihuana. The weights of nine females averaged 146.4 (110-210) grams; three males weighed 178, 203, and 215 grams.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 29: Miquihuana, 6400 ft., 9; 4 mi. N Jaumave, 2500 ft., 5; Nicolás, 56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 15.

Cratogeomys castanops tamaulipensis Nelson and Goldman

1934. Cratogeomys castanops tamaulipensis Nelson and Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 47:141, June 13, type from Matamoros, Tamaulipas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from two localities in extreme northern part of state, but probably occurs throughout northeastern part of state.

Three specimens from three miles southeast of Reynosa are referred to C. c. tamaulipensis on geographic grounds. They are tawny brown dorsally instead of cinnamon brown or pinkish cinnamon as Nelson and Goldman (1943:141) described tamaulipensis, and the basioccipital bone (in one male) is parallel-sided instead of wedge-shaped. Possibly this difference is owing to sex; Nelson and Goldman studied only one adult, a female (the type), and the only adult seen by me was a male.

Measurements.—An adult male (58118) from three miles southeast of Reynosa, measured as follows: 301; 81; 40; 7; condylobasal length, 57.0; zygomatic breadth, 41.2; palatal length, 36.1; breadth of rostrum, 11.8; length of nasals, 22.0; squamosal breadth, 34.0; alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row, 10.8.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 3, from 3 mi. SE Reynosa.

Additional record: Matamoros (Nelson and Goldman, 1934:140).

Perognathus merriami merriami J. A. Allen
Merriam's Pocket Mouse

1892. Perognathus merriami J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4:45, March 25, type from Brownsville, Cameron Co., Texas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—State-wide except southwestern part.

Most of the available specimens of P. m. merriami were collected in the semi-arid areas of mesquite and grasses. At Soto la Marina P. m. merriami was abundant in open fields surrounded by brush. One female, collected on July 4, one mile south of Altamira was lactating. Weights of 16 adults from Soto la Marina and that of nine adults from the vicinity of San Fernando are, respectively: 8.2 (7-10) and 8.1 (7-9) grams.

Specimens from Tamaulipas are darker than those examined from Coahuila and southern Texas. A skull picked up on the barrier beach, 73 miles south of Washington Beach, differs from all other skulls examined in having the rostrum (3.6 mm.) and M1 (4.3) wider, auditory bullae relatively smaller, and glenoid fossa larger (2.6 instead of less than 2.3 in specimens from Soto la Marina).

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 46: 4-4.5 mi. S Nuevo Laredo, 900 ft., 4; 10 mi. S, 11 mi. E Nuevo Laredo, 600 ft., 2; 1 mi. S Santa Teresa, 1; San Fernando, 180 ft., 1; 2 mi. W San Fernando, 180 ft., 14; 73 mi. S Washington Beach, 1; 12 mi. NW San Carlos, 1300 ft., 1; Soto la Marina, 19; Ciudad Victoria, 1; 17 mi. SW Tula, 3900 ft., 1; 1 mi. S Altamira, 1.

Additional records (Osgood, 1900:22, unless otherwise noted): Mier; Reynosa; Matamoros; 40 mi. S Matamoros (Hooper, 1953:5); Hidalgo; Altamira.

Perognathus hispidus hispidus Baird
Hispid Pocket Mouse

1858. Perognathus hispidus Baird, Mammals, in Repts. Expl. Surv. ..., 8(1):421, July 14, type from Charco Escondido, Tamaulipas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Central and northern parts of state.

Two specimens examined from the vicinity of Nuevo Laredo were trapped in weeds and tall grass along an irrigation ditch that ran between desert and a cornfield. One was a lactating female (November 15) and weighed 31 grams; the other, an immature male, weighed 23 grams. A May-taken specimen from Soto la Marina possesses a broader and more ochraceous lateral line than the other three individuals examined from Tamaulipas and the Texan specimens seen.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 4: 10 mi. S, 11 mi. E Nuevo Laredo, 600 ft., 2; Soto la Marina, 500 ft., 1; 9-1/2 mi. SW Padilla, 800 ft., 1.

Additional records (Osgood, 1900:44, unless otherwise noted): Mier; Matamoros; Charco Escondido (Baird, 1858:422); 3 mi. W Soto la Marina (Hooper, 1953:5).

Perognathus nelsoni nelsoni Merriam
Nelson's Pocket Mouse

1894. Perognathus (Chaetodipus) nelsoni Merriam, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 46:266, September 27, type from Hacienda La Parada, about 25 mi. NW Cd. San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from the west side of the Sierra Madre Oriental in southwestern part of state.

Most of the specimens examined were taken in semi-arid habitats where the dominant plants were cactus, weeds and bushes.

In Tamaulipas, specimens from the southern localities (places labeled with reference to Tula) are darker than those from the two northernmost localities (Miquihuana and four miles north of Jaumave). Most measurements are about equal in the southern and northern specimens, but in some measurements southern specimens average slightly smaller than those from the north. Greatest length of skull is a case in point. The difference in size is reflected in the weights. Average weights of nine males and nine females from southern localities are, respectively, 14.7 (12-16.5) and 13.8 (12-15.5) instead of 18.5 (17-20) and 17.0 (15-18) grams for four males and six females from the northern localities. In general, Tamaulipan specimens average somewhat smaller than those from other localities in eastern México (see measurements given by Baker, 1956:238, Dalquest, 1953:107, and Osgood, 1900:53).

Measurements.—Average and extreme measurements of six specimens (2 males and 4 females) from Miquihuana, three males from four miles north of Jaumave, and five (3 males and 2 females) from nine miles southwest of Tula are, respectively, as follows: 176.2 (163-185), ——, 170, 173, (4 specimens only) 179.0 (165-186); 99.8 (97-105), ——, 90, 93, (4 specimens only) 96.7 (88-104); 22.5 (21-23), 23, 23, 24, 22.6 (22-23); 8 (8), 8, 8, 8, 8.8 (8-9); greatest length of skull, 26.1 (25.6-26.6), 25.8, 26.5, 26.9, 25.2 (24.9-25.7); mastoid breadth, 13.3 (12.9-13.6), 13.2, 13.8, 13.6, 13.1 (12.9-13.4); interorbital constriction, 6.4 (6.1-6.6), 5.9, 6.3, 6.3, 6.3 (6.1-6.8); interparietal breadth, 7.4 (6.8-7.9), 7.7, 7.2, 7.2, 7.6 (7.3-7.9); alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row, 3.7 (3.5-4.0); 3.6, 3.5, 3.6, 3.6 (3.5-3.8).

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 42: Miquihuana, 6300 ft., 7; 4 mi. N Jaumave, 2500 ft., 5; Nicolás, 56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 10; Tajada, 23 mi. NW Tula, 5200 ft., 6; 8 mi. N Tula, 4500 ft., 1; 9 mi. SW Tula, 3900 ft., 13.

Additional record: Jaumave (Miller, 1924:284).

Dipodomys ordii
Ord's Kangaroo Rat

This species has a restricted geographic distribution in Tamaulipas, although three subspecies occur in the state; two of them occur in the extreme northeast and the other in the far west.

Dipodomys ordii durranti Setzer

1949. Dipodomys ordii fuscus Setzer, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 1:555, December 27, type from Jaumave, Tamaulipas.

1952. Dipodomys ordii durranti Setzer, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., 42:391, December 17, a renaming of D. o. fuscus Setzer, 1949.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Semi-desert areas in western part of state.

The specimen examined from four miles north of Jaumave was trapped in a xeric area in which the vegetation consisted of mesquite, high palmlike yuccas, and "lechugilla." Specimens from the vicinity of Tula were trapped along bushy fence rows and adjacent to clumps of bushes and cactus, or shot at night in an area in which the soil was a sandy loam having relatively large amounts of gravel. The average weight of seven specimens from Nicolás was 50.3 (42-60) grams.

According to Lidicker (1960:178 and in litt.), the place called Lulú that was ascribed to Tamaulipas by Setzer (1949:550), and from which D. o. durranti was reported, actually is in Zacatecas.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 19: Miquihuana, 6200 ft., 2; 4 mi. N Jaumave, 2500 ft., 3; Nicolás, 56 km. NW Tula, 12; 8 km. N Tula, 4500 ft., 2.

Additional records (Setzer, 1949:556): Nuevo Laredo; Jaumave.

Dipodomys ordii parvabullatus Hall

1951. Dipodomys ordii parvabullatus Hall, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:38, October 1, type from 88 mi. S and 10 mi. W Matamoros, Tamaulipas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from two islands off the barrier beach.

Weight of four adults averaged 49.2 (44-60) grams.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 17: 33 mi. S Washington Beach, 4; 88 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 7; 90 mi. S, 10 mi. W Matamoros, 6.

Dipodomys ordii compactus True

1889. Dipodomys compactus True, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 11:160, January 5, type from Padre Island, Cameron Co., Texas.

1942. Dipodomys ordii compactus, Davis, Jour. Mamm., 23:332, August 13.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Reported only from Bagdad (Hall, 1951:41).

Dipodomys merriami atronasus Merriam
Merriam's Kangaroo Rat

1894. Dipodomys merriami atronasus Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 9:113, June 21, type from Hacienda La Parada, about 25 mi. NW San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Mexican Plateau in western part of state.

Specimens examined are tentatively assigned to Dipodomys merriami atronasus. They differ from typical atronasus as pointed out by Lidicker (1960:177). He noted that individuals from the eastern edge of the range of D. m. atronasus were slightly paler than typical specimens, but I found Tamaulipan material to be much darker, especially behind the nose and ears (blackish instead of brownish), than specimens from Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí and Zacatecas.

Specimens examined were collected under the same conditions and in the same areas as D. ordii durranti. The average weight of 20 adults (11 females and nine males) was 46.6 (38-50) grams.

Records of occurrences.—Specimens examined, 27: Nicolás, 56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 16; Tajada, 23 mi. NW Tula, 5200 ft., 4; 15 mi. N Tula, 1; 8 mi. N Tula, 4500 ft., 3; 9 mi. SW Tula, 3900 ft., 3.

Additional record: Tula (Lidicker, 1960:178).

Liomys irroratus
Mexican Spiny Pocket Mouse

This species is probably the most common rodent in Tamaulipas. It was taken at almost every locality sampled and was associated with many other kinds of rodents. Its distribution is state-wide with the exception of the extreme northwestern part. Two subspecies are represented in Tamaulipas, L. i. alleni, which occurs in the western side of the Sierra Madre Oriental in the southwest part of the state, and L. i. texensis, which occupies the rest of the range of the species in the state.

At Soto la Marina specimens were taken in dense brush, around the cultivated fields; no burrows were seen and all specimens were trapped before 10:00 p.m. On the Sierra de Tamaulipas, Liomys was collected in practically all microhabitats. In the vicinity of San Fernando, individuals were trapped in a dry area in which vegetation consisted of mesquite, cactus and chollas; the ground there was covered with dry leaves and small sticks, and burrows were found near the base of the mesquite bushes. One specimen was taken near the house of a woodrat. Two kilometers west of El Carrizo, where Liomys irroratus is called "ratón tuza," specimens were collected on rocks inclined at an angle of about twenty-five degrees that were covered with zacatón grass and some bushes. Some individuals were taken in a sugar cane field that was surrounded by bushes and tall grass; Baiomys taylori, Sigmodon hispidus, and Peromyscus leucopus were taken in the line of traps. One specimen was caught in a trap baited with banana.

Some dates concerning reproduction of Liomys irroratus in Tamaulipas are as follows: La Pesca, May 25, one female lactating and one female pregnant with 4 embryos that measured 8 mm.; Jaumave, July 26-29, three females lactating and three pregnant females that carried 6 embryos (6 mm.), 6 embryos (15 mm.), and 5 embryos (15 mm.); Palmillas, July 23, a female with 1 embryo measuring 6 mm.; Nicolás, October 19, a female carrying 4 embryos measuring 3 mm.

Liomys irroratus alleni (Coues)

1881. Heteromys alleni Coues, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 8:187, March, type from Río Verde, San Luis Potosí.

1911. Liomys irroratus alleni, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 34:56, September 7.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Extreme southwestern part of state.

This subspecies is easily distinguished from L. i. texensis by the following features: hind foot larger, 31.5 (30-33.5) instead of 27.8 (27-29); skull longer, 34.2 (32.4-36.4) instead of 31.5 (30.0-32.5); maxillary tooth-row longer, 5.4 (5.0-5.8) instead of 5.0 (4.8-5.1); interorbital constriction relatively narrower in alleni. Intergradation between L. i. alleni and L. i. texensis takes place at Rancho Santa Rosa (where, of the two specimens, one is conspicuously larger than the other), eight kilometers northeast of Antiguo Morelos, El Encino, and Ejido Santa Isabel. All specimens from the localities mentioned are here assigned to texensis.

Weight of three pregnant females averaged 68.9 (64-78) grams, that of non-pregnant females, 65.6 (64-68), and that of six males 73.0 (65-80).

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 34: Villa Mainero, 1700 ft., 2; Nicolás, 56 km. NW Tula, 5500 ft., 6; Jaumave, 2400 ft., 23; 16 mi. N, 6 mi. W Palmillas, 5500 ft., 1; 14 mi. N, 6 mi. W Palmillas, 5500 ft., 2.

Additional records: Miquihuana (Goldman, 1911:56); Tula (Hooper and Handley, 1958:18).

Liomys irroratus texensis Merriam

1902. Liomys texensis Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 15:44, March 5, type from Brownsville, Cameron Co., Texas.

1911. Liomys irroratus texensis, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 34:59, September 7.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—State-wide except extreme southwestern and northwestern parts.

Intergradation occurs between L. i. texensis and L. i. pretiosus in southeastern Tamaulipas as noted previously by Hooper (1953:5). Individuals from Altamira and one mile south thereof are small and dark as in pretiosus, but cranial measurements are as in texensis to which they are here assigned. Specimens from the vicinity of Tampico are typical texensis.

Average weight of the specimens from three different localities are as follows: Soto la Marina, seven males, 42.7, 14 females, 36.9; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 12 males, 47.3, 20 females, 40.7; Sierra Madre Oriental, eight males, 45.5, nine females, 37.0 grams.

The specimens reported by Ingles (1959:394) from two miles south of El Mante as L. irroratus are here referred to texensis on geographic grounds.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 121: 7 km. S, 2 km. W San Fernando, 7; 7 km. SW La Purisima, 1; Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd. Victoria, 260 m., 2; 36 km. N, 10 km. W Cd. Victoria, 1; 15 mi. N Cd. Victoria, 2; 4 mi. N La Pesca, 5; Soto la Marina, 25; Sierra Madre Oriental, 5 mi. S, 3 mi. W Cd. Victoria, 1900 ft., 18; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 2 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 36; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 10 mi. W Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; Ejido Santa Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 3; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 300 ft., 1; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gómez Farías, 300 ft., 8; 10 km. N, 8 km. W El Encino, 400 ft., 1; 2 km. W El Carrizo, 6; 53 km. N El Limón, 4; 8 km. NE Antiguo Morelos, 2; Altamira, 1; 1 mi. S Altamira, 3; 10 mi. NW Tampico, 1; 7 km. N Tampico, 2.

Additional records: Hidalgo (Goldman, 1911:59); Matamoros (ibid.); Bagdad (ibid.); Sierra de San Carlos (Hooper and Handley, 1948:20); 3 mi. W Soto la Marina (Hooper, 1953:5); [Cd.] Victoria (Goldman, 1911: 59); Acuña (Hooper and Handley, 1948:20); Mesa de Llera (Hooper, 1953:5); Gómez Farías (Goodwin, 1954:9); 2 mi. S Cd. Mante (Ingles, 1959:394); Antiguo Morelos (Hooper and Handley, 1948:20).

Castor canadensis mexicanus V. Bailey
Beaver

1913. Castor canadensis mexicanus V. Bailey, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 26:191, October 23, type from Ruidoso Creek, 6 mi. below Ruidoso, Lincoln Co., New Mexico.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Probably in the Río Grande drainage.

The beaver has been reported in Tamaulipas only from Matamoros (Baird, 1858:355—three specimens) and from 12 miles below, south of, Matamoros (V. Bailey, 1905:124). In Tamaulipas the beaver may occur only in the Río Grande drainage.

Oryzomys palustris
Marsh Rice Rat

Previous to this report only one subspecies of Oryzomys palustris had been recorded from Tamaulipas. Careful examination of the available material from the state shows that O. p. aquaticus occurs in the east and O. p. peragrus lives in the southwestern part of the state.

In general, specimens examined were trapped in dense brush alongside waterholes as at Altamira, or around cornfields as at the place 36 kilometers north and 10 kilometers west of Ciudad Victoria, where the bushes were mesquite and other kinds of Acacias. There the ground was covered by cat claw, and no grass was seen near the traps in which O. palustris was caught. In the Sierra de Tamaulipas a specimen was caught among rocks and bushes. Ingles (1959:395) reported that his specimens were trapped alive in dense brush and "tules."

A female taken at Jaumave on July 25 had 5 embryos, each 20 mm. in crown-rump length.

Oryzomys palustris aquaticus J. A. Allen

1891. Oryzomys aquaticus J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 3:289, June 30, type from Brownsville, Cameron Co., Texas.

1918. Oryzomys couesi aquaticus, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 43:39, September 23.

1960. Oryzomys palustris aquaticus, Hall, The Southwestern Nat., 5:173, November 1.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—North part of state, and coastal area south to Tampico.

Weights of two males were 80 and 82, and of a female 66 grams.

Oryzomys palustris aquaticus differs from O. p. peragrus in having a rich cinnamon, reddish color and the interorbital region constricted to less than 14.7 per cent of the greatest length of the skull. O. p. peragrus is ochraceous and grayish. The least width of its interorbital region is more than 14.5 per cent of the greatest length of the skull. Individuals studied from the Sierra de Tamaulipas are typical aquaticus. Of those from Altamira, one has the color as in aquaticus, but the color of the other two resembles that of peragrus; nevertheless, all of the mentioned specimens are here assigned to aquaticus.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 4: Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 1; 6 mi. N, 6 mi. W Altamira, 2; 5 mi. N, 5 mi. W Altamira, 1.

Additional records: Camargo (Goldman, 1918:40); Matamoros (ibid.); near Cd. Tampico (Ingles, 1958:395).

Oryzomys palustris peragrus Merriam

1901. Oryzomys mexicanus peragrus Merriam, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:283, July 26, type from Río Verde, San Luis Potosí.

1918. Oryzomys couesi peragrus, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 43:39, September 23.

1960. Oryzomys palustris peragrus, Hall, The Southwestern Nat., 5:173, November 1.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Western part of state, along Sierra Madre Oriental.

Two males from Jaumave weighed 62 and 65 and one pregnant female weighed 67 grams.

Most records of O. p. peragrus are from places along the Sierra Madre Oriental, but Lawrence (1947:103) recorded a specimen from the Río Corona, which is east of, but not far from the mentioned Sierra. Baker (1951:215) reported two specimens from two different localities labeled with reference to Ciudad Victoria (same specimens reported here) as O. p. aquaticus, but pointed out that they tended "toward the darker O. c. peragrus." Examination of more material and taking into consideration the relation between the interorbital constriction and the greatest length of skull, cause me here to refer those specimens to peragrus.

Hooper (1953:8) reported three young specimens from Rancho Pano Ayuctle as of the subspecies aquaticus, but study of two adults from the same locality reveals that this locality should be included within the geographic range of peragrus.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 9: 36 km. N, 10 km. W Cd. Victoria, 1; Jaumave, 2400 ft., 5; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 2; 70 km. S Cd. Victoria (by highway) and 6 km. W of Highway, 1.

Additional records: Río Corana (Lawrence, 1947:103); Pano Ayuctle (Hooper, 1953:8).

Oryzomys melanotis
Black-eared Rice Rat

Oryzomys melanotis occurs in Tamaulipas from Soto la Marina southward. Two subspecies are recorded: O. m. carrorum in the north and O. m. rostratus in the tropical area from Rancho Pano Ayuctle to Altamira.

Specimens from the Sierra de Tamaulipas were trapped along a stream, edged with trees, bushes and rocks; at Rancho Pano Ayuctle the animals were in grass between banana groves. The specimen from 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria was taken in tall grass near a field of sugar cane in a line of traps that yielded also Peromyscus leucopus, Sigmodon hispidus, Liomys irroratus, and Oryzomys fulvescens. Hooper (1953:8) and Ingles (1959:395) reported O. melanotis as caught at the edges of cane fields.

Oryzomys melanotis carrorum Lawrence

1947. Oryzomys rostratus carrorum Lawrence, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 24:101, May 29, type from Rancho Santa Ana, about 8 mi. SW Padilla, Río Soto la Marina, Tamaulipas.

1959. Oryzomys melanotis carrorum, Hall and Kelson, The Mammals of North America, 2:560, March 21.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Southeast part of state; known only from the type locality and the Sierra de Tamaulipas.

The original description of this subspecies was based on three specimens collected at Rancho Santa Ana. Specimens examined from the Sierra de Tamaulipas extended the known range 45 miles southeast of the type locality, and also extend the previously known altitudinal range of 300-350 feet elevation to 1200 feet.

Specimens examined correspond in color and measurements to those recorded by Lawrence (1947:102-103). Of 12 specimens studied, the tympanic bullae of six touch the surface of the table when the skull rests on the tips of the incisors and the occipital condyles. In the other six the bullae are 0.3 to 1.3 mm. above the table top. The mesopterygoid space in the specimens examined are broad and U-shaped and not V-shaped as in the three specimens examined by Lawrence (op. cit.). Weight of six males was 52.5 (48-63) and of four females 44.7 (40-49) grams.

Measurements.—Average and extreme measurements of six males are as follows: 255.3 (240-269); 135.7 (120-147); 135.7 (120-147); 30.4 (30-31); 21 (20-22); greatest length of skull, 31.6 (30.9-32.5); zygomatic breadth, 15.3 (14.7-16.1); interorbital constriction, 4.8 (4.5-5.1); breadth of skull, 31.6 (30.9-32.5); length of nasals, 12.9 (12.4-13.4); length of anterior palatine foramina, 5.5 (5.2-5.7); length of palatal bridge, 6.1 (5.8-6.4); length of maxillary tooth-row, 4.0 (3.9-4.1). The females average slightly smaller.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 12 from Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft.

Additional record: Type locality (Lawrence, 1947:102).

Oryzomys melanotis rostratus Merriam

1901. Oryzomys rostratus Merriam, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:293. July 26, type from Metlatoyuca, Puebla.

1953. Oryzomys melanotis rostratus, Hooper, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, 544:8, March 25.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Extreme southeastern part of state, in tropical area.

Ingles (1959:395) reported one specimen from two miles north of Ciudad Mante as O. melanotis; here it is referred to O. m. rostratus on geographic grounds.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 2: 2 km. W El Carrizo, 1; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N El Mante and 3 km. W Highway, 1.

Additional records: 2 mi. N Cd. Mante (Ingles, 1959:395); Altamira (Goldman, 1918:54).

Oryzomys alfaroi huastecae Dalquest

1951. Oryzomys alfaroi huastecae Dalquest, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., 41:363, November 14, type from 10 km. E Platanito, San Luis Potosí.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from Rancho del Cielo (Hooper, 1953:8).

Oryzomys fulvescens
Pygmy Rice Rat

The pygmy rice rat in Tamaulipas was collected in grass. Two kilometers west of El Carrizo in grass around a sugar cane field, traps, baited with scraps of deer meat, caught Oryzomys fulvescens, Sigmodon hispidus, Peromyscus leucopus and Liomys irroratus. Seven kilometers north of Tampico, O. fulvescens was taken along with Peromyscus leucopus, Sigmodon hispidus and Baiomys taylori.

A female obtained on March 2, at Rancho Pano Ayuctle, had 4 embryos 16 mm. in crown-rump length.

Oryzomys fulvescens fulvescens (Saussure)

1860. H[esperomys]. fulvescens Saussure, Revue et Mag. Zool., Paris, ser. 2, 12:102, March, type from Veracruz; fixed by Merriam (Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:295, July 26, 1901) at Orizaba.

1897. Oryzomys fulvescens, J. A. Allen and Chapman, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:204, June 16.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Reported only from Rancho del Cielo (Goodwin, 1954:10).

Oryzomys fulvescens engracie Osgood

1945. Oryzomys fulvescens engracie Osgood, Jour. Mamm., 26:300, November 14, type from Hacienda Santa Engracia (32 km. N), NW of Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Central and southeast parts of state.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 13: 2 km. W El Carrizo, 5; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 6; 10 km. N, 8 km. W El Encino, 1; 7 km. N Tampico, 1.

Additional record: Altamira (Osgood, 1945:300).

Reithrodontomys megalotis hooperi Goodwin
Western Harvest Mouse

1954. Reithrodontomys megalotis hooperi Goodwin, Amer. Mus. Novit., 1660:1, May 25, type from Rancho del Cielo, 5 mi. NW Gómez Farías, 3500 ft., Tamaulipas.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from type locality.

Reithrodontomys fulvescens
Fulvous Harvest Mouse

This is the most common species of Reithrodontomys in Tamaulipas; it occurs in almost all parts of the state, from sea level to high up in the mountains and from the tropical forest to the desert plain.

The three subspecies in the state are R. f. intermedias in the northern half, R. f. griseoflavus in the high parts of the Sierra Madre Oriental, and R. f. tropicalis in the southeast. The lines between these subspecies are difficult to establish because the zones of intergradation are broad. Characters for separating the three subspecies in Tamaulipas are listed by Hooper (1952).

Reithrodontomys fulvescens griseoflavus Merriam

1901. Reithrodontomys griseoflavus Merriam, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:553, November 29, type from Ameca, 4000 ft., Jalisco.

1952. Reithrodontomys fulvescens griseoflavus, Hooper, Miscl. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, 77:98, January 16.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Known only from Jaumave.

Only specimens from Jaumave are clearly R. f. griseoflavus; all others east of this locality are intergrades between griseoflavus and tropicalis, under which latter subspecies they are included. In griseoflavus the tail is longer in relation to the head and body, 141.2 (135-153) per cent, than in the other two subspecies that occur in Tamaulipas. The average weight of 14 males was 14 (12-16) grams.

Record of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 15, from Jaumave, 2400 ft.

Reithrodontomys fulvescens intermedius J. A. Allen

1895. Reithrodontomys mexicanus intermedius J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 7:136, May 21, type from Brownsville, Cameron Co., Texas.

1914. Reithrodontomys fulvescens intermedius, A. H. Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 36:47, June 5.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Northern half of state.

No specimen of this subspecies has been examined. Jones and Anderson (1958:447) reported specimens from Rancho Pano Ayuctle as R. f. intermedius, but here those same specimens are assigned to R. f. tropicalis. J. A. Allen (1891:223) recorded specimens from Santa Teresa as Ochetodon mexicanus. According to Hooper (1952:142) that name was used by Allen for R. fulvescens. Allen's specimens from Santa Teresa are here referred to R. f. intermedius on geographic grounds.

Records (Hooper, 1952:108): Camargo, 200 ft.; 20 mi. S Reynosa, Charco Escondido; Matamoros, 30 ft.; 7.5 mi. S Matamoros; 29 mi. S Cd. Victoria, 800 ft.; Hacienda Santa Engracia, 800 ft.; Santa Teresa (50 mi. SW Matamoros); Sierra San Carlos (El Mulato, Tamaulipeca, 1500 ft.).

Reithrodontomys fulvescens tropicalis Davis

1944. Reithrodontomys fulvescens tropicalis Davis, Jour. Mamm., 25:393, December 12, type from Boca del Río, 8 km. S city of Veracruz, Veracruz.

Distribution in Tamaulipas.—Tropical area in southeastern part of state.

Most of the specimens examined of R. fulvescens are included in this subspecies, principally because of their reddish coloration that is characteristic of R. f. tropicalis. According to the original description by Davis (1944:393) this subspecies is smaller than griseoflavus and the posterior border of the incisive foramina terminate anterior to the plane of the molars. But, these characteristics are not found in any specimen examined from Tamaulipas and the average of external measurements is more than those given by Hooper (1952:109) for tropicalis. Of all specimens from Tamaulipas, those from the vicinity of Altamira and Tampico are most nearly typical of tropicalis. Weights of seven males and five females, from the Sierra de Tamaulipas, were, respectively, 13 (11-15), and 11 (9-14) grams.

Records of occurrence.—Specimens examined, 51: Rancho Santa Rosa, 25 km. N, 13 km. W Cd. Victoria, 1; Cd. Victoria, 3; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., 12; 2 km. W El Carrizo, 1; Ejido Santa Isabel, 2 km. W Pan-American Highway, 2000 ft., 14; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 25 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 300 ft., 4; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gómez Farías, 300 ft., 4; 6 mi. N, 6 mi. W Altamira, 2; 1 mi. S Altamira, 3; 16 km. N Tampico, 3; 7 km. N Tampico, 4.

Additional records: Hidalgo (Hooper, 1952:110); 5 mi. NE Gómez Farías, 1100 ft. (ibid.); La Azteca, 5 km. NNE Gómez Farías (Goodwin, 1954:11); Gómez Farías (ibid.); Antiguo Morelos (Hooper, 1952:110); 2 mi. W Tampico (Ingles, 1959:396).

Reithrodontomys mexicanus mexicanus (Saussure)
Mexican Harvest Mouse

1860. R[eithrodon]. mexicanus Saussure, Revue et Mag. Zool., Paris, ser. 2, 12:109, type from mountains of Veracruz; restricted to Mirador, Veracruz, by Hooper, Miscl. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, 77:140, January 16.

1914, Reithrodontomys mexicanus mexicanus, A. H. Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 36:70, June 5. Not Reithrodontomys mexicanus (Saussure), being instead of J. A. Allen, 1895:135, which in part equalled Reithrodontomys fulvescens difficilis.