pertrechar, to supply with ammunition;
to lay out, to arrange, to prepare.
peruanismo, m., word or phrase peculiar to Perú.
pescado, m., a fish when caught;
in the water, uncaptured, it is a pez;
—— de agua de mar, salt-water
fish;
—— de agua dulce, fresh-water fish.
pescador, m., fisherman.
pescante, m., front part of a carriage including the box;
crane (Mach.).
pesebre, m., manger;
stall.
peso, m., monetary unit in some of the Spanish American countries.
pespunte, m., back stitching, a back-stitched seam.
pesquera, f., fishing banks.
pesquería, f., fishery.
pesquero, m. (Sp. A.), see pesquera.
pestillo, m., bolt of a lock, door latch.
petimetre, m., beau, dandy.
petipieza, f., comedy.
petit hôtel, m. (French), a residence more than one story high, built in the French style.
pez-sol, m., a South American fish;
sunfish.
piano, m., —— de cola, grand piano;
—— vertical, upright piano;
—— mecánico, piano player.
picadero, m., circus ring.
picante, highly seasoned;
piquant.
picantería, f. (Sp. A.), a cheap eating place;
“hashery.”
picarú, m. (Sp. A.), a South American fish.
pieza, f., piece, fragment;
room;
bird or animal of the chase, quarry;
—— de moneda, coin;
—— de autos, records or pleadings of a lawsuit stitched together.
pila eléctrica, f., battery.
pilcha, f. (Sp. A.), any piece of wearing apparel;
saddle trappings.
pileta, f., pool;
trough, vat, basin.
pillo, -a, rascally.
pimentón, m., ground red pepper.
pimiento, m., capsicum, pepper (fruit of the capsicum).
pincelada, f., brush stroke.
pingo, m. (Sp. A.), a fine saddle-horse.
pingüe, plentiful, abundant.
pino-limón, m., a South American fruit tree.
pintada, f. (Sp. A.), Guinea-fowl.
pintor, m., painter, artist, delineator.
pintorrear, to daub, to paint without skill.
pira, f., pyre;
bonfire.
pisar, to trample, to crush, to tread.
piso, m., floor, pavement;
story or floor;
loft, flat.
pisoteado, -a, trampled.
pisotear, to tread under foot.
pista, f., track, footprint;
scent, clue.
pistonudo, -a (Sp. A.), fine, big, great, admirable.
pito, m., pipe, small flute, whistle.
placar, to placate;
to mitigate.
plafonnier, m., ceiling electric light.
plan, m., plan, design, scheme.
planada, f., plain, level ground.
planilla, f., list, account sheet.
planta, f., sole of the foot, foot;
plan of a building, its site or plant.
plantel, m., nursery garden;
(Sp. A.) herd of highly bred animals;
establishment.
plañidero, -a, plaintive, wailing, sobbing.
plata, f., silver;
—— en barras, silver bullion.
plátano, m., banana.
platea, f., that section of the theater called “pit” in England and “orchestra” in the U. S.
platillos, m. pl., bosses (metal work).
plaza, f., square;
market.
plazo, m., credit, term, time;
a ——, on credit.
pleito, m., litigation, lawsuit.
pleno, -a, full, ample.
pliegue, m., fold or pleat;
gathers.
poblado, m., town, village or other inhabited place.
poco, -a, little;
—— a ——, gently, softly, little by little;
de —— tiempo acá, latterly;
a ——, in a short time;
por ——, en ——, almost, nearly;
un ——, a little.
podar, to prune, to clip.
poder, m., power;
en —— de, in the possession of, in the hands of.
podrido, -a, rotten, putrid.
podrir, to rot, to become putrid.
polaco, -a, a Pole; a Polish dance.
polemista, m., polemic;
a controversialist.
polícromo, -a, many-colored.
polvo, m., dust;
toilet powder.
pólvora, f., gunpowder.
ponchera, f., punchbowl.
poncho, m., oblong piece of woolen or cotton cloth with a slit in the middle to put the head through, used as an outer wrap by workingmen in certain countries of S. A.
ponderar, to heighten, to extol, to exaggerate.
poner, to put;
to display;
to take (time);
refl., to become.
por, for, through, between, to, by, along, on account of, per, for the sake of, in behalf, by means of;
about;
—— tanto or —— ende, for that, for so much;
—— más que or —— mucho que, in vain;
—— acá or —— allá, here or there;
—— si acaso, if by chance;
—— entre, through;
—— cuanto, whereas;
—— tanto, wherefore;
—— sí, by himself (herself or itself);
—— cierto, indeed;
—— qué, why.
porfiar, to insist, to persist, to be stubborn.
pororó, m. (Sp. A.), pop-corn.
poroto, m. (Sp. A.), bean.
porque, because, for;
see por qué.
porte, m., deportment;
manner, air.
porteño, -a (Sp. A.), applied to the native of a port, such as Buenos Aires or Valparaiso.
portero, m., gatekeeper;
usher.
portón, m., a large door;
(Sp. A.) carriage and automobile entrance in private residences.
posar, to perch, to alight upon.
poseer, to hold, to possess, to own.
postigo, m., the division of a double door or the sash of a window and the wooden shutter which covers it.
pote, m., see olla podrida. Also, a nickname applied to a pot-bellied person.
potencia, f., power;
potency.
potrero, m., paddock;
pasture ground.
pozo, m., well.
práctico, m., marine or river pilot.
prado, m., lawn, field, meadow;
a piece of pasture ground.
praticultura, f., the scientific application of agricultural principles to the cultivation of pasture grounds and the breeding of cattle.
precioso, -a, beautiful, dainty;
precious.
preciso, -a, necessary, requisite, needful.
predecir, to foretell.
predilecto, -a, the preferred one;
the best loved.
pregón, m., advertisement by the town crier;
cry.
prenda, f., a garment or ornament.
prender, to catch, to take hold of.
presa, f., a captive or prisoner;
what has been seized;
dike, dam.
prescripción, f., order, command, disposition.
presentación, f., introduction, presentation;
appearance.
presidio, m., place of confinement;
jail, prison.
prestar, to lend;
—— declaración, to declare under oath;
refl., to lend one’s self;
to agree to anything.
presumir de, to presume, to boast.
presunto, -a, presumptive.
pretender, to pretend, to claim, to solicit;
to attempt.
pretil, m. (Sp. A.), open space before a church;
stone seat;
railing of a bridge.
preveo, see prever.
prever, to foresee, to foreknow.
previsión, f., foresight.
prima, f., government obligation whereby it guarantees the payment of a certain rate per cent on capital invested.
primaveral, young, fresh, springlike.
primor, m., beauty, dexterity, nicety, neatness of workmanship.
principio, m., beginning;
principle;
al ——, at or in the beginning.
privado, -a, own, personal, particular.
procaz, impudent, bold, saucy, insolent.
proceder, to come from, to issue forth;
m., method of procedure.
procedimiento, m., proceedings, action.
proceso, m., process, action;
—— jurídico, legal action.
procurado, -a, here, specially obtained.
procurador, m., attorney.
procurar, to try, to adopt measures for attaining an end.
producir, to produce, to bear;
refl., to explain one’s self.
productor, m., producer.
produjo, from producir.
profesión, f., declaration, statement;
profession.
proficuo, -a, profitable, useful, advantageous.
profundidad, f., great depth;
complexity.
profundo, -a, deep, profound.
prolongar, to extend, to continue, to prolong.
prontitud, f., promptness, celerity, dispatch.
pronto, -a, quick;
ready.
propicio, -a, propitious, kind, favorable.
propiedad, f., property, possession;
right or rights.
propietario, m., owner, proprietor.
propio, m., one’s own;
those belonging to one’s own family, friends or country.
propio, -a, own, personal;
proper, appropriate;
original, genuine, precise;
con sus propias manos, with his (or her) own hands.
proponerse, refl., to resolve, to determine, to mean.
proporcionar, to afford, to furnish, to supply.
propósito, m., purpose, design, intention;
a ——, for the purpose, fit for, by-the-bye.
proseguir, to proceed.
prosista, m., author who writes in prose.
prosternarse, refl., to prostrate or abase one’s self.
proteger, to protect, to favor, to foment, to back.
protegido, -a, favorite, protégé.
protervo, -a, stubborn, perverse.
provecho, m., profit;
con ——, profitably.
provechoso, -a, profitable, improving.
proveedor, m., purveyor.
proveer, to provide, to procure beforehand, to supply;
refl., to provide one’s self, to store up.
proverbio, m., saying, old saw, proverb.
providencia, f., good judgment, foresightedness.
provincia, f., state, province;
one of the divisions of a country.
provincial, pertaining to the province;
rustic, countrified.
provisionalmente, temporarily, meanwhile, provisionally.
provisto, -a, supplied, provided.
prudentemente, discreetly.
prueba, f., proof, test;
sign;
experiment;
a —— de incendio, fire-proof.
puchero, m. (Sp. A.), see olla podrida.
pueblano, m. (Sp. A.), one coming from the city.
pueblero, m. (Sp. A.), see pueblano.
pueblo, m., population, inhabitants, people;
—— bajo, populace.
puerta-cancela, f., front-door grating or screen, in Spanish houses.
puerto, m., port, entrance.
pues, then, therefore, inasmuch as, since, sure, surely, certainly, well, then;
¿y ——? well, and what of that?
—— sí (iron.), yes indeed!
¿—— y que? why not? what else? what then?
¡—— qué! why! —— bien, well;
acérquese ——, come nearer then, or well, come nearer.
puesto, m., shop or place where anything is exposed for sale at retail department;
market.
¡puf! an exclamation expressing the unpleasant sensation of a bad smell.
pujanza, f., power, might, strength, push.
pulpería, f. (Sp. A.), a country grocery store and bar.
pulular, to swarm, to be alive with.
puma, m. (Sp. A.), mountain lion, a species of wildcat or panther.
puntilla, f., a narrow lace edging.
punto, m., point;
a —— de, on the point of;
—— menos, a trifle smaller;
a buen ——, opportunely;
al ——, at once;
al —— que, at the time;
por —— general, as a rule;
a —— fijo, exactly;
estar en su —— (Culinary), done;
stitch;
de ——, knitted or crocheted.
puntualidad, f., promptness, punctuality;
precision.
punzante, pricking, sharp.
punzar, to prick, to puncture, to grieve.
purificar, to refine, to clear, to purify.
puro, m., a cigar.
purpúreo, -a, purple.


Q
que, which, that, who;
lo ——, that which, what;
for, than, as;
tener ——, to have to, must;
de ——, of the fact that.
quebracho, m., a South American hardwood tree.
quebrada, f., ravine, a deep pass.
quebradón, m. (Sp. A.), see quebrada.
quedar, to remain;
quedarse con, to prefer.
quejarse, refl., to complain of, to grumble.
quemar, to burn;
to clear.
quemazón, f. (Sp. A.), sale at which goods are sold very cheap.
quena, f., a musical instrument used by the Bolivian and Peruvian Indians.
querer, to love.
quetzal, m., a trogon of Mexico and Guatemala having golden green plumage.
quevedos, m. pl., pince-nez.
quiebra (Sp. A.), possessed of all the qualities a gaucho admires.
quien, who, whom, he who, him who;
—— ... ——, some ... some, (the) one ... (the) other.
quina, f., cinchona, quinine.
quincallería, f., hardware store and trade.
quincha, m. (Sp. A.), humming-bird.
quinoa, f., a South American plant.
quintuplicar, to multiply by five.
quizás, perhaps, possibly, in case of.


R
rábano, m., radish.
rabia, f., anger, rage.
rabioso, -a, furious, choleric, raging, fierce.
racimo, m., bunch of grapes.
ración, f., ration, food for one meal.
ráfaga, f., a violent gust of wind.
ralo, -a, thin, tenuous, not compact.
rallado, -a, grated, powdered.
rallar, to grate, to reduce to a paste or to powder.
ramal, m., anything springing from another;
branch, division;
offset.
ramificado, -a, branched, divided.
ramificar, to branch, to divide.
rancho, m. (Sp. A.), farm, ranch;
native hut.
rango, m., rank, quality.
rapadura, f. (raspadura) (Sp. A.), brown sugar.
rápsode, m., rhapsodist;
poet.
raro, -a, unusual, rare;
widely apart or separated.
raso, -a, smooth;
bala ——, smooth-bore bullet.
rascar, to scratch, to scrape.
rasgar, to tear or cut asunder.
rasgo, m., magnanimous deed;
trait.
rasguear, to strum on the guitar.
rastacuerismo, m., parade, vain show: from rastaquouère, a nickname given in France to the ostentatious newly rich.
rastra, f., harrow, an agricultural instrument.
rastreador, m., expert in trailing the footprints of another.
rastro, m., trace, vestige.
raudal, m., plenty, abundance;
a torrent.
real, m., a Spanish coin originally worth 12½ cents, equivalent to the old Californian “bit”;
a name given in some S. A. countries to the ten-cent piece;
real;
royal, grand.
rebajar, to rebate.
rebaño, m., flock of sheep.
rebotar, to rebound.
recado, m., regards, friendly greeting;
(Sp. A.), saddle used in country districts.
recaer, to devolve upon.
recargo, m., a surcharge, an increase in cost.
receta, f., recipe;
prescription.
recibir, to receive;
to welcome.
recibo, m., receipt;
signed bill;
acusar ——, to acknowledge receipt.
recién, recently, lately;
used before participles instead of reciente;
——llegado, —— venido, newly arrived.
recinto, m., enclosure.
recipiente, m., receptacle;
recipient.
recitar, to recite, to declaim.
reclamar, to claim.
reclamo, m., call, allurement, enticement.
recodo, m., a turn in a road or street.
recoger, to gather together, to collect;
to receive;
—— un vale, to take up a note;
refl., to gather one’s forces together.
recogimiento, m., retirement;
removed from worldly concerns.
recolección, f., compilation, summary;
gathering, crop, harvest;
the collecting of money or taxes;
retirement.
recomendable, commendable, laudable.
recompensa, f., reward, compensation.
reconocer, to scan, to inspect, to recognize;
to comprehend;
to own, to admit, to sanction.
recontar, to recount;
to relate.
recorrer, to renew, to examine, to survey.
recorrido, m., line, distance or space run over or through.
recto, -a, just, upright.
recuerdito, m., dim. of recuerdo.
recuerdo, m., remembrance;
keepsake, token.
rechazar, to repel, to repulse, to drive back, to impel in opposite direction.
rechinar, to crack, to hurtle; to grind;
—— los dientes, to grate.
red, f., net; network.
redactor, m., one of the editorial staff of a newspaper or journal.
rededor, m., environs.
redoble, m., a double drum-beat, “ruffle.”
reducirse, refl., to revolve upon; to be reduced.
reembolsar, to reimburse, to recover money advanced.
refacción, f., refreshment, refection.
refinería, f., refinery.
reflexionar, to reconsider, to scan closely, to judge;
to reflect upon.
refrán, m., proverb, well-known saying.
refrendar, to legalize, to counter-sign, to visé, to authorize.
refresco, m., a refreshing beverage or drink.
refriega, f., skirmish, encounter, scuffle.
refrigerante, cooling, refrigerative;
m. (Chem.), refrigerator.
regadío, m., irrigation.
regalo, m., convenience, repose, comfort, luxury;
a gift.
regatear, to bargain, to haggle over prices.
regente, m., manager, director.
registrar, to inspect, to search.
registro civil, m., a government office in certain Latin American countries where civil marriage is performed;
Bureau of Vital Statistics.
regla, f., rule, custom, usage;
ruler;
ferule.
regocijo, m., joy, pleasure, satisfaction, mirth, merriment.
regordete, -a, a short and stout person.
regresar, to return, to go back.
rehusar, to refuse, to reject, to spurn.
reja, f., grating;
railing;
grillwork;
—— de arado, plowshare.
relacionado, -a, connected with, related to.
relincho, m., whinnying of a horse.
reluciente, shining.
relleno, -a, filled, stuffed;
refilled;
m., fillings.
remate, m., auction sale.
remedar, to mock, to imitate, to mimic.
remendar, to patch, to mend;
to correct.
remero, -a, rower, paddler;
club ——, rowing club.
remesa, f., a shipment of goods;
a remittance of money.
remolcador, m., a steam tugboat.
remolinear, to whirl about, to gyrate.
remontar, to navigate up stream.
rendido, -a, worn out.
rendimiento, m., yield.
rendir culto, to revere, to worship.
renta, f., rent, profit, income.
reparaciones, f. pl., critical observations or remarks;
notes;
adverse criticism.
reparo, m., doubt, objection, difficulty.
repartición, f., distribution, allotment.
reparto, m., the list of persons in a play;
dramatis personæ.
repasar, to review, to retrace, to repass.
repavimento, m., paving in general;
the paving between street-car tracks.
repente, de ——, suddenly.
repertorio, m., repertoire;
stock in trade;
program.
repisa, f., bracket;
—— de la chimenea, mantelpiece.
replicar, to duplicate; to repeat.
repliegue, m., the act of falling back (Mil.).
repollo, m., cabbage.
reponer, to redress, to restore;
to replace;
refl., to recover;
to rehabilitate.
reportaje, m., interview.
reposado, -a, quiet, peaceful.
repostería, f., confectioner’s or pastry cook’s shop.
representar, to perform, to play, to take the part of (Theat.).
reprise, f. (French), repetition.
repuesto, m., de ——, supply for replenishment purposes.
requerir, to require, to demand;
to insist.
res, f., a cow or a bull.
resabios, m. pl., old vices;
deeply-rooted habits.
resaltar, to be clearly evident, to stand out in relief.
resbalar, to slip, to slide.
rescoldo, m., embers, hot ashes, cinders.
reserva, f., reserve funds;
—— federal, gold reserve in the Federal Treasury;
stock, supply.
resfriadera, f., receptacles for cooling used in sugar mills.
resguardar, to preserve, to defend.
resignación, f., submission.
resina, f., rosin.
resolver, to solve.
resonar, to resound, to ring, to echo.
resorte, m., spring;
a resilient object;
cause, medium, means.
responsabilidad, f., liability.
retemblar, to tremble, to shake repeatedly, to vibrate.
retemplarse, refl., to acquire fresh vigor.
retrete, m., water-closet.
revestido, -a, covered, coated, dressed.
revestir, to reclothe, to cover, to coat.
revista, f., review;
extravaganza.
revocar, to plaster, to whitewash;
to revoke.
revolar, see revolotear.
revolotear, to flutter, to fly hither and thither.
riachuelo, m., small river.
ribete, m., ribbon or tape sewed to the edge of cloth;
reinforcement;
pretensions;
hence ribete de filarmónico, pretensions toward artistry.
riego, m., see regadío.
riel, m., railroad track.
riesgo, m., danger, risk.
riña, f., quarrel, fight;
—— de gallos, cockfight.
riqueza, f., wealth.
risotada, f., loud laugh.
rizado, -a, curled, crimped.
rizar, to curl, to crimp;
to flute.
rocalloso, -a, rocky.
rocío, m., dew;
a sprinkling.
rodillo, m., roller.
roldana, f., pulley, wheel.
rollo, m., roll;
—— de alambre, roll of wire for fencing.
romper, to break, to shatter;
to dash against.
roncar, to snore.
ronco, -a, hoarse.
ronda, f., rounds;
hacer la ——, to go the rounds.
ropero, m., wardrobe.
rosca, f., anything shaped like a screw;
—— de maíz, a round twisted corn-cake.
roseta, f., anything shaped like a rose;
(Sp. A.) pop-corn ball.
rosicler, m., a bright rose-color.
rosqueta, f., see rosca.
roto, -a, broken, shattered, torn;
m., a ragged man;
”roto chileno," a term applied to a man of the laboring class in Chile in memory of the ragged Chilian troops who were victorious in the war with Perú.
rozar, to brush against, to touch.
roznar, to grind hard things with the teeth (said of animals); to bray.
rueda, f., the pit in the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange.
rugiente, roaring.
rumbear (Sp. A.), to head for, to steer for.
rumbo, m., direction, route, way.
ruso, -a, Russian.
ruta, f., route, itinerary.


S
saber, to know;
a ——, viz., to wit, that is, namely.
sabido, -a, known, learned.
sable, m., sabre, cutlass.
sacaritecnia, f., the scientific study of sugar production.
sacerdocio, m., priesthood, ministry.
saco, m. (Sp. A.), coat.
sacudida, f., shaking;
the act of shaking off.
sainete, m., a farce, a short dramatic composition.
saladero, m. (Sp. A.), a meat-packing house.
salchichonería, f., shop where sausages are sold or made.
saldo, m., balance.
salida, f., departure;
expenditure, outlay;
género de mucha ——, merchandise which sells well.
salpicado, -a, bespattered.
salpicar, to bespatter, to daub.
salsifí, m., oyster plant.
salto, m., leap, bound;
—— de agua, waterfall.
salvar, to cover distance, to reach;
to save.
sanear, to drain, to make sanitary;
to heal.
sangrar, to tap (a tree), to bleed.
sangre, f., blood;
tapping, bleeding.
sangriento, -a, bloody, cruel.
sanidad, f., health, hygiene;
oficina de la ——, Board of Health.
sanitario, sanitary;
departamento ——, the place where bath-room and sanitary fixtures are sold.
sano, -a, healthy, wholesome.
santiaguino, -a, native or resident of Santiago de Chile;
relating to Santiago.
santiamén, en un ——, very quickly, in a jiffy.
santo, día del —— (Sp. A.), birthday or Saint’s day.
sañudo, -a, furious, enraged.
sartal, m., a string of flowers, beads or other decorative object.
satisfacer, to pay in full.
sauce, m., willow-tree.
secretaría, f., secretary’s office.
seda, f., silk.
sedentario, -a, native, indigenous (Zoöl.).
segadora, f., a reaper or harvesting-machine.
seguir, to follow, to pursue.
según, according to, as.
seguro, -a, secure, free from danger, easy, assumed, confident;
firm;
estar —— de, to be sure of, to depend upon a thing;
m., insurance;
póliza de ——, insurance policy;
—— sobre la vida, life insurance;
—— contra incendios, fire insurance;
—— contra accidentes, accident insurance.
seleccionar, to select, to choose.
selva, f., forest.
selvático, -a, from selva;
pertaining to a forest.
sello, m., seal;
—— de correo, postage stamp.
sembrado, m., ground sown with grain.
sembradora, f., seeder, a machine for sowing seeds.
sencillo, -a, plain, single;
línea ——, one-track line.
sendero, m., path, footpath.
seno, m., bosom, breast;
security, support, asylum, refuge.
sentar, to plant a blow.
señalado, -a, famous, celebrated, distinguished.
señorona, f. (Coll.), great lady.
sequía, f., dryness, drought.
séquito, m., retinue, suite.
sereno, m., night policeman or watchman.
serio, solemn, serious;
rude, cold.
servicio, m., servants taken collectively;
entrada para el ——, delivery entrance.
servidor, m., servant, waiter.
servidumbre, f., servitude, slavery;
servants of a house.
serrano, m., mountaineer, highlander.
sesos, m. pl., brain.
sí, yes;
—— por cierto, certainly;
por
—— o por no, by chance;