B. C.
End of the Lydian empire557.

It subsisted under three houses; under that of the Atyadæ (fabulous and uncertain); under that of the Heraclidæ, five hundred and five years (Herodotus, I. 7.); and under the last, that of the Mermnadæ, one hundred and seventy years.

The Heraclidæ and Mermnadæ, then, reigned altogether six hundred and seventy-five years. Therefore:

B. C.
Commencement of the reign of the Heraclidæ, with Agron the son of Ninus (I. 7.)1232.
End of this house with the murder of Candaules, by Gyges727.

By fixings the time of Agron, son of Ninus, Herodotus verifies himself (I. 7.); as, by the preceding data, Ninus began his reign in Assyria, 1237; consequently, it must have been in the fifth year of his reign that he conquered Lydia, and placed his son Agron upon the throne.

B. C.
Dominion of the Mermnadæ, one hundred and seventy years, under kings of that house727—557.
Gyges, thirty-eight years (Herodotus, I. 14.)727—689.
Ardys, forty-nine years (Herodotus, I. 16.)689—640.
First irruption of the Cimmerians670.
Sadyattes, twelve years (Herodotus, I. 16.)640—628.
Alyattes, fifty-seven years (Herodotus, I. 25.)628—571.
War with Cyaxares, ending with the great eclipse, and second irruption of the Cimmerians         625.
Crœsus, fourteen years and fourteen days (Herodotus, I. 86.)571—557.

IV. CHRONOLOGY OF THE BABYLONIANS.

For this as well as for the Egyptians there is no evidence to guide us, the data being very scanty, and taken from Herodotus alone. The chronology of the Babylonians, according to the canon of Ptolemy, begins with Nabonassar, 747, who was succeeded by twelve kings (mentioned in the same canon), down to Nabopolassar; (see above, p. 28.)

B. C.
Nabopolassar627—604.
Nebuchadnezzar604—561.
Evil-Merodach561—559.
Neriglissar559—555.
Labynetus555—538.
Conquest of Babylon by Cyrus         538.

V. CHRONOLOGY OF THE EGYPTIANS.

M. Volney very properly commences this with the dodecarchy—as of the earlier periods only the time of Sesostris, 1365, is ascertained;—and arranges it in the following manner.

B. C.
Dodecarchy671—656.
Psammetichus's sole dominion thirty-nine years         656—617.
Reign of Neco, sixteen years617—601.
—— Psammis, six years601—595.
—— Apries, twenty-five years595—570.
—— Amasis, forty-four years570—526.
Psammenitus, six months525.
Conquest of Egypt by Cambyses

I. THE REIGNING HOUSES OF MACEDON.

I. HOUSE OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT.

Philip † 336. married, 1. Olympias. 2. Cleopatra. (3. Concubines.)
1.
Alexander the Great † 323.
married, 1. Roxana. (2. Barsine.)		 1.
  Cleopatra.    
 		 3.
Philip Arrhidæus † 317.
married Eurydice.		 3.
Thessalonice.
married Cassander.
1.
Alexander † 311.		 2.
Hercules † 309.

 

II. HOUSE OF ANTIPATER.

Antipater † 320.
 
Cassander † 298, married Thessalonice.
Philip † 297. Antipater † 294. Alexander † 294.

 

III. HOUSE OF ANTIGONUS.

Antigonus † 301.
 
Demetrius I. Poliorcetes † 284.
Stratonice.
married, 1. Seleucus I. 2. Antiochus I.		 Antigonus I. Gonatas † 242.
 
Demetrius II. † 233.   Alcyoneus.
Philip II. † 179.   Antigonus II. Doson † 221.
Perseus † 166. Demetrius † 180.

II. GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF THE SELEUCIDÆ.

 

Seleucus I. Nicator † 281.
married, 1. Apame. 2. Stratonice, daughter of Demetrius Poliorcetes.
1.
Antiochus I. Soter † 262.
married, 1. Stratonice, his mother-in-law. 2. Anonymous.		 2.
Phila
married Antigonus Gonatas king of Macedon.
1.
Antiochus II. Theos † 247.
married, 1. Laodice, his sister-in-law. 2. Berenice, daughter of Ptol. Philad.		 1.
Apame
married Magas of Cyrene.		 2.
Laodice.
 
1.
Seleucus II. Callinicus † 227.
married Laodice, daughter of Andromachus, father of Achæus.		 1.
Antiochus Hierax.
 		 1.
Stratonice
married Ariarathes IV. of Cappadocia.
Seleucus III. Ceraunus † 224.
 		 Stratonice
married Mithridates IV. of Pontus.		 Antiochus III. the Great † 187.
married Laodice, daughter of Mithridates IV. of Pontus.
Antiochus
† 192.		 Laodice. Seleucus IV. Philopator † 176.
married his sister Laodice.		 Antiochus IV. Epiphanes
† 164.		 Cleopatra
married Ptolemy V.		 Antiochis
married Ariarathes V. of Cappad.
Demetrius I.
† 150.		 Laodice
married Perseus king of Maced.		 Antiochus V. Eupator † 161.
Demetrius II. Nicator † 126.
married, 1. Cleopatra, daughter of Ptol. Philom. 2. Rhodogyne.		 Antiochus Sidetes † 131.
married his daughter-in-law, Cleopatra.
Seleucus V. † 125. Antiochus Gryphus † 97.
married Cleopatra Selene, daughter of Ptol. Phys.		 Antiochus Cyzicenus † 96.
married Cleopatra, daughter of Ptol. Phys.
Seleucus Epiph.
† 94.		 Antioch. Epiph.
† 93.		 Philippus Epiph.
† 83.		 Demetr. Eucar.
† c. 87.		 Antioch. Dionys.
† 89.		 Antiochus Eusebes † c. 90.
married Cleopatra Selene.
Antiochus Asiaticus
† 58.		 Seleucus Cybiosactes † 57.
married Berenice, daughter of Ptol. Auletes.

III. GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF THE PTOLEMIES.

 

Ptolemy I. son of Lagus † 284.
married, 1. Eurydice, daughter of Antipater. 2. Berenice. (3. Concubines.)
1.
Ptol. Ceraunus † 279.
king of Macedonia.
 		 2.
Ptol. II. Philadelphus † 246.
married, 1. Arsinoe, daughter of Lysimachus.
2. His sister Arsinoe.		 2.
Arsinoe
 
 		 3.
Magas of Cyrene.
 
Ptol. III. Evergetes † 221.
Married Berenice, daughter of Magas.		 Berenice
married Antiochus Theos.		 Berenice
 
Ptol. IV. Philopator † 204.
married, 1. His sister Arsinoe.
(2. Agathoclea.)		 Magas.
 
 		 Arsinoe.
 
 
Ptol. V. Ephiphanes † 181.
married Cleopatra, daughter of Antiochus the Great.
Ptol. VI. Philometor † 145.
married his sister Cleopatra.		 Cleopatra.
 		 Ptol. VII. Physcon † 117.
married, 1. His sister Cleopatra. 2. Cleopatra the younger. (3. Irene.)
Cleopatra the younger.
 
  		2.
Ptol. VIII. Lathyrus † 81.
married, 1, 2. his two sisters.
(3. Concubines.)		 2.
Cleop. Selene.
 
 		 2.
Ptol. Alexander I. † 88.
married Cleopatra, daughter of
Ptol. Lathyrus.		 2.
Cleopatra.
 
 		 3.
Ptol. Apion.
king of Cyrene,
† 97.
2.
Cleopatra † 88.
married Alex. I.		 2.
Cl. Berenice.
 		 3.
Ptol. Auletes † 51.
married, 1. His sister Cleop.
2. Unknown.		 3.
Ptol. of Cyprus.
† 57.		 3.
Cleopatra.
 
 		 Ptol. Alexander II. † 80.
married Cleop. Berenice.		 †
†     †
Ptol. Alex. III. † 66.
1.
Berenice † 55.
married, 1. Seleucus Cybios.
2. Archelaus.		 1.
Cleopatra † 30.
married, 1. 2. her brothers.
(3. Jul. Cæsar.) 4. Antony		 2.
Ptol. Dionysius † 47.
married Cleopatra.		 2.
Ptol. the younger † 44.
married Cleopatra.
Arsinoe
† 43.

IV. THE REIGNING HOUSES OF THE JEWS.

HOUSE OF THE MACCABEES.

Mattathias † B. C. 166.
Judas Maccabæus,
general of the army † 161.     		Jonathan,
high priest † 143.		 Simon,
high priest and ethnarch, † 135.
John Hyrcanus † 107.
Aristobulus I. † 106,
king and high priest.		 Alex. I. Jannæus † 79.
married Alexandra.
Hyrcanus II. † 30.
high priest and ethnarch.		 Aristobulus.
† 49.
Alexander II. † 49. Antigonus † 37.
Aristobulus † 34.
 		 Mariamne † 28.
married Herod the Great.

 

II. HOUSE OF HEROD.

Antipater † 43.
Salome.
 		 Herod the Great † A. C. 3.
married, 1. Doris. 2. Mariamne. 3. Many others.
    Antipater    
† A. C. 3.
 		     Alexander    
† B. C. 5.
 		 Aristobulus
† B. C. 5.		 Archelaus,
ethnarch, deposed A. C. 6.  
 		 Antipas,
tetrarch, deposed A. C. 39.  
married Herodias.		 Philip,
tetrarch, † A. C. 34.
 
Herod II. Agrippa
† A. C. 44.
Herod Agrippa
† A. C. 100.

V. GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF THE CÆSARS.

I.

C. Julius Cæsar, prætor, † 84.
C. Julius Cæsar, dictator,
† 44.		 Julia † 52.
married Accius Balbus.
Julia † 52. married Pompey. Accia † 42, married C. Octavius.
Octavia the elder
married M. Marcellus.
 		 Octavia the younger
married, 1. C. Marcellus.
2. Pompey. 3. M. Antony.		 C. Octavius (Cæsar Augustus)
† A. C. 14 (see No. II.)
 

 

II.

Cæsar Octavianus Augustus † A. C. 14.
married, 1. Scribonia. 2. Livia, widow of Tiberius Claudius Nero.
1.
Julia † A. C. 17.
married, 1. M. Cl. Marcellus. 2. Agrippa. 3. Tiberius.
Tiberius Nero † A. C. 37.
married, 1. Vipsania. 2. Julia.
|		            
Nero Claudius Drusus † 9.
married Antonia the younger.
2.
C. Cæsar
† A. C. 4.		 2.
L. Cæsar
† A. C. 2.		 2.
Agrippina † A. C. 35.
married Germanicus.		 2.
Julia
† A. C. 30.		 2.
Agrippa Posthumus
† A. C. 14.		 Drusus Cæsar † A. C. 25.
 
 		             Germanicus
† A. C. 19.
married Agrippina.		 Claudius A. C. 54.
married, 1. Messalina.
2. Agrippina.
Nero
† A. C. 29.		 Drusus
† A. C. 35.		 Caius Caligula
† A. C. 41.		 Agrippina
married, 1. Cn.
Domitius. 2. Claudius.		                         1.
Britannicus
† A. C. 34.		 1.
Octavia
† A. C. 59.
married Nero.
1.
Domitius Nero † A. C. 68.
married, 1. Octavia. 2. Poppæa Sabina

VI. GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF THE HOUSE OF CONSTANTINE.

 

Constantius Chlorus † 306.
married, 1. Helena. 2. Theodora.
Constantine the Great † 337.
married, 1. Minervina. 2. Fausta.		 Constantia
married C. Valer Licinius, Cæsar,
† 324.		 Jul. Constantius † 337.
married, 1. Galla. 2. Basilina.		 Annibalianus.
1.
Crispus
† 326.		 2.
Constantine
† 340.		 2.
Constantius
† 361.		 2.
Constans
† 350.		 Fl. Valer. Licinius
† 326.
 		 1.
Gallus
† 354.		 2.
Julian (the apostate)
† 363.		 Dalmatius
Cæsar † 339.
 		 Annibalianus
† 338.
 

 

 

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