This refers, of course, to the
different genders of the nouns in other languages. In German, for
example, the sun is feminine, and in French masculine.—Tr.
“Formal
education” is the name given in Germany to those branches of
learning which tend to develop the logical faculties, as opposed to
“material” education which deals
with the acquisition of facts and all kinds of “useful” knowledge.—Tr.
The reference is to the Odyssey, xx. 18: “Τέτλαθι δή, κραδίη; καὶ κύντερον ἄλλο ποτ᾽
ἔτλης...” etc. Κύντερος, from κύων, “a dog,” lit. more dog-like, i.e.
shameless, horrible, audacious.—Tr.
If this aphorism seems obscure, the
reader may take Tolstoi as an example of the first class and
Nietzsche as an example of the second. Tolstoi's inconsistencies
are generally glossed over, because he professed the customary
moral theories of the age, while Nietzsche has had to endure the
most searching criticism because he did not. In Nietzsche's case,
however, the scrutiny has been in vain; for, having no unworkable
Christian theories to uphold, unlike Tolstoi, Nietzsche's life is
not a series of compromises. The career of the great pagan
philosopher was, in essence, much more saintly than that of the
great Christian. How different from Tolstoi, too, was that noble
Christian, Pascal, who, from the inevitable clash of his creed and
his nature, died at thirty-eight, while his weaker epigone lived in
the fulness of his fame until he was over eighty!—Tr.
A hit at the German Empire, which
Nietzsche always despised, since it led to the utter extinction of
the old German spirit. “Kingdom” (in
“Kingdom of God”) and “Empire” are both represented by the one German
word Reich.—Tr.
This sentence is a complete refutation
of a book which caused so much stir in Germany about a decade ago,
and in England quite recently, Chamberlain's Nineteenth
Century, in which a purely imaginary Teutonic race is
held up as the Chosen People of the world. Nietzsche says
elsewhere, “Peoples and Countries,”
aphorism 21, “Associate with no man who
takes part in the mendacious race-swindle.”—Tr.
The fiercest protests against
Nietzsche's teaching even now come from the “unfeeling people.” Hence the difficulty—now
happily past—of introducing him into Anglo-Saxon
countries.—Tr.
The German Jews are well known for
their charity, by means of which they probably wish to prove that
they are not so bad as the Anti-Semites paint them.—Tr.