Saxony, Albertine (Ducal till 1547, then Electoral), 214.

Saxony, Albertine, Duke of, George, at Leipzig Disputation, 237 f.;

desires a Reformation, 257, 203, 325;

gives a safe-conduct for Luther, 273 n., 276;

interferes in the affairs of Wittenberg, 316;

published Edict of Worms, 319;

feared the Hussites, 238, 324;

member of the Roman Catholic League, 341;

his daughter married Philip of Hesse, 344, 380;

death, 377.

Henry, brother of George, 377.

Maurice (Elector from 1547), son of Henry, married a daughter of Philip of Hesse, 382;

received the Electorate, 384 and n.;

took the Emperor's side in the Religious War, 389;

the Leipzig Interim, 391 n.;

attacked the Emperor, 393;

at the Conference at Passau, 393;

death, 395.

Augustus (Elector), 395.

Scala sancta at Rome, 207.

Scandinavia, 19;

the Reformation in, 417 ff.

Schappeller and the Twelve Articles of the Peasants, 333.

Scheurl, Christopher, of Nürnberg, 256.

Schism, the Great, 5, 136.

Schlettstadt in Elsass, school at, 52.

Schmalkald Articles, 374, 467 n., 468.

Schmalkald League, 373 ff., 380, 382, 383.

Schmalkalden, 373.

Schnepf, Erhard, Reformer of Tübingen, 391.

Scholastic, the New, 325.

Scholastic Theology, 55, 118, 125, 159, 161, 167, 169, 173, 181, 199 ff., 210, 219, 221, 223 f., 253;

condemned by Luther, 211;

teaches work-righteousness, 211, 450, 469;

is sophistry, 469;

faith and reason in, 469.

Schools in Germany, 51 ff.

Schott, Peter, endows a people's preacher for Strassburg, 118.

Schurf, Jerome, professor of Law at Wittenberg, 276, 280, 281, 317.

Schwabach Articles, 359.

Scientific, the scientific element in theology is the fleeting, 167.

Scotland, 21;

Luther's books prohibited in, 299, 388.

Scotus, John Duns, 55, 169, 178, 196, 223, 449.

Scripture, a personal rather than a dogmatic revelation, 165, 453;

mis-statement of the Reformation view, 453;

differences in meaning of word, 454;

unity in, natural and arbitrary, 455; theory of various senses, 165, 196 n., 456;

faith and, 459, 461;

Lacordaire on the Protestant doctrine of, 457;

gives direct communion with God, 460;

what is the infallibility of, 461 ff., 464;

Scripture and the word of God, 461 f.;

human and divine elements in, 464, 465;

inerrancy, 464;

Calvin on the authority of, 465;

place for the Higher Criticism, 466 f.;

in the Reformation Creeds, 467 n.

Scriptures in the mediæval Church, 147 f., 454 ff.;

reading the, a mark of heresy, 149.

Secular supervision of religious affairs in the fifteenth century, 140.

Servia, 19.

Sibylla of Cleves, wife of John Frederick of Saxony, 382, 389.

Sicily, part of Naples, 33;

Greek spoken in, 46.

Sickingen, Francis von, 268, 273, 295, 306 and n., 323.

Siebenberger, Maximilian, 281.

Simnel, Lambert, 21.

Sitten, Cardinal von, admires Luther, 257.

Social conditions at the close of the Middle Ages, 79 ff.

Social revolts in the later Middle Ages, 95 ff.;

not exclusively of peasants, 96;

detestation of priests, 96;

impregnated by religious sentiment, 97;

Hans Böhm, 99;

Bundschuh revolts, 103;

causes of the revolts, 106 ff.

Socius itinerarius, 275.

Spain, 7, 18, 19, 20, 21;

divisions of, 29;

Inquisition in, 266.

Spalatin (George Burkhardt from Spelt), 66, 185, 232, 250, 274, 276, 278, 291 n., 292.

Spaniards at the Diet of Worms, 292.

Spanish merchants at Worms, 269.

Spanish troops in Germany, 389, 392.

Speyer, delegates from the German towns meet at, 38;

a National Council for Germany to meet at, 323.

See Diet.

Spinning-room, the, 94.

Spiritual, meaning of the word in the Middle Ages, 7.

Spiritual Estate, the false and the true, 243, 441.

Sprengel, Lazarus, of Nürnberg, 256.

State and Church, in France, 23 f.;

in Spain, 29;

in Brandenburg, 141;

in Saxony, 140.

States of the Church, 32 f.

States-General of France, 25.

Staupitz, Johann, 163, 185, 202, 205 f., 256.

Stoke-on-Trent, battle of, 21.

Stolle, Konrad, author of the Thuringian Chronicle, 99 n.

Storch, Nicholas, one of the Zwickau prophets, 314.

Strassburg, Humanists in, 60;

population of, 87;

the Brethren in, 152;

deputies from, at Worms, 282; 111, 309 f., 346, 347, 368.

Stubner, Marcus Thomä, 314.