[360] For summary of evidence, cf. Hay Fleming, Mary Queen of Scots, pp. 267-68.

[361] For summary of evidence, cf. Hay Fleming, Mary Queen of Scots, pp. 51-53, 263.

[362] The Works of John Knox, etc. ii. 388.

[363] Accounts of the five interviews are to be found in The Works of John Knox, etc. ii. 281 ff., 331 ff., 371 ff., 387 ff., 403 ff.

[364] Sources: Laemmer, Monumenta Vaticana historiam ecclesiasticam sæculi 16 illustrantia (Freiburg, 1861); Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII. (19 vols., London, 1860-1903); Calendar of Venetian State Papers, 1520-26, 1527-33, 1534-54, 1555-56, 1557-58, 1558-80; Calendar of Spanish State Papers (London, 1886); Furnivall, Ballads from Manuscripts (Ballad Society, London, 1868-72); Gee and Hardy, Documents illustrative of English Church History (London, 1896); Erasmus, Opera Omnia, ed. Le Clerc (Leyden, 1703-6); Nichols, The Epistles of Erasmus from the earliest letters to his fifty-first year, arranged in order of time (London, 1901-4); Pocock, Records of the Reformation (Oxford, 1870); Theiner, Vetera Monumenta Hibernorum et Scotorum historiam illustrantia (Rome, 1864); Wilkins, Concilia; Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London, (Camden Society, London, 1846); Holinshed, Chronicles (London, 1809); London Chronicle in the times of Henry VII. and Henry VIII. (Camden Miscellany, vol. iv., London, 1859); Wright, Suppression of the Monasteries (Camden Society, London, 1843); Foxe, Acts and Monuments (London, 1846); Ehses, Römische Dokumente zur Geschichte des Heinrichs VIII. von England, 1527-34 (Paderborn, 1893); Zurich Letters, 2 vols. (Parker Society, Cambridge, 1846-47); Works of Archbishop Cranmer, 2 vols. (Parker Society, Cambridge, 1844-46).

Later Books: Dixon, History of the Church of England (London, 1878, etc.); Fronde, History of England (London, 1856-70; by no means superseded, as many would have us believe); Brewer, The Reign of Henry VIII. (London, 1884); Gairdner, The English Church in the Sixteenth Century (London, 1902); Pollard, Henry VIII. (London, 1905), Thomas Cranmer (Heroes of the Reformation Series, New York and London, 1904); Stubbs, Seventeen Lectures on the Study of Mediæval and Modern History, Lectures XI. and XII. (Oxford, 1900); Cambridge Modern History, II. xiii.

[365] Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII. i. p. 295. There was a sudden rise in the price of wood all over Europe about that date, and it is alleged to be one of the causes why the poorer classes in Germany were obliged to give up the earlier almost universal use of the steam bath. In the fifteenth century, masters gave their workmen not Trinkgelt, but Badgelt. Nichols, The Epistles of Erasmus, i. 40.

[366] Letters and Papers, etc. i. p. 373.

[367] Ibid. II. i. 777: The Oxford bookseller (1520) John Dorne had two copies in his stock of books [Oxford Historical Society, Collectanea (Oxford, 1885), p. 155].

[368] Letters and Papers, i. p. 373.

[369] Jacobs, The Lutheran Movement in England, p. 3.

[370] Bale, Select Works, p. 171.

[371] Erasmi Colloquia (Amsterdam, 1662), Peregrinatio Religionis ergo p. 376; Viclerita quispiam, opinor.

[372] Letters and Papers, etc. v. p. 140.

[373] Ibid. vi. p. 144.

[374] Ibid. II. ii. p. 1319.

[375] Thomas Cranmer and the English Reformation (New York and London, 1904), p. 91.

[376] Dictionary of National Biography, art. “Wycliffe,” lxiii, 218.

[377] Letters and Papers, etc. II. i. p. 1.

[378] Ibid. etc. I. p. 961, II. i. pp. 350, 354, 355.

[379] Ibid. I. p. 379.

[380] Ibid. III. p. 215.

[381] Letters and Papers, etc. III. p. 467.

[382] Oxford Historical Society, Collectanea (Oxford, 1885), p. 164.

[383] Letters and Papers etc. III p. 284.

[384] Ibid. etc. III. i. p. 293.

[385] Ibid. III. p. 449.

[386] Letters and Papers, etc. III. i. p. 485.

[387] Ibid. IV., Preface, p. 170: “Some are of opinion that it (the Holy See) should not continue in Rome, lest the French King should make a patriarch in his kingdom and deny obedience to the said See, and the King of England and all other Christian princes do the same.”

[388] Spanish Calendar, i. 267.

[389] Pocock’s Records of the Reformation, i. 1; Letters and Papers, etc. IV. iii. p. 2576.

[390] Calendar of Spanish State Papers, ii. 8.

[391] Ibid., Preface, xiii.

[392] Letters and Papers, etc. IV. iii. p. 2579. A General Council had pronounced against such a dispensation; ibid. IV. iii. p. 2365.

[393] Calendar of Venetian State Papers, 1527-33, p. 300.

[394] Letters and Papers, etc. IV. ii. p. 1369; Calendar of Spanish State Papers, III. ii. 482, 109.

[395] Ibid. etc. IV. ii. p. 2113; Laemmer, Monumenta Vaticana, p. 29.

[396] Ibid. etc. IV. iii. p. 2261.

[397] For the case of Mary Tudor, cf. Letters and Papers, etc. IV. iii. p. 2619, cf. IV. i. p. 325; and for that of Margaret Tudor, widow of James IV., cf. IV. ii. p. 1826.

[398] Letters and Papers, etc. IV. iii. pp. 2987, 3023, 3189.

[399] Calendar of Spanish State Papers, ii. 379.

[400] Letters and Papers, etc. IV. iii. pp. 2047, 2055.

[401] The two statutes of Præmunire (1353, 1393) will be found in Gee and Hardy, Documents illustrative of English Church History (London, 1896), pp. 103, 122. They forbid subjects taking plaints cognisable in the King’s courts to courts outside the realm, and the second statute makes pointed reference to the papal courts.

[402] Paris and Orleans, Letters and Papers, etc. IV. iii. p. 2845; Bourges and Bologna, ibid. IV. iii. p. 2895; Padua, ibid. IV. iii. pp. 2921, 2923 (it is said that the Lutherans in the city strongly opposed the King); Pavia, ibid. IV. iii. p. 2988; Ferrara, ibid. IV. iii. 2990.

[403] A list of the matters to be brought before this Parliament is given in Letters and Papers, etc. IV. iii. pp. 2689 ff.

[404] Ibid. IV. iii. pp. 2929, 2991.

[405] Ibid. IV. iii. p. 3661 (December 25th, 1530).

[406] Letters and Papers, etc. V. 71.

[407] Ibid. etc. V. p. 47. Chapuys thought that the declaration made the King “Pope of England.”

[408] Cf. Gee and Hardy, Documents illustrative of the History of the English Church, p. 176. Chapuys declares that “Churchmen will be of less account than shoemakers, who have the power of assembling and making their own statutes” (Letters and Papers, etc. V. 467; cf. VI. 121).

[409] Ibid. p. 178; the suspensory clause is on p. 184. Letters and Papers, etc. V. pp. 343, 413.

[410] Ibid. etc. V. p. 71.

[411] Ibid. etc. V. p. 415.

[412] Gee and Hardy, Documents, etc. p. 195; the important clause is on p. 198.

[413] Letters and Papers, etc. VI. pp. 145, 148; cf. 218.

[414] Ibid. etc. VI. p. 35.

[415] Ibid. VI. p. 153.

[416] Letters and Papers, etc. VI. pp. 145, 148; cf. 218.

[417] Ibid. etc. VI. p. 35.

[418] Ibid. VI. p. 231.

[419] Ibid. VI. p. 246.

[420] Ibid.. VI. p. 413.

[421] Gee and Hardy, Documents illustrative of the History of the English Church, p. 201.

[422] Ibid. p. 209.

[423] Ibid. pp. 232, 244.

[424] Ibid. p. 243.

[425] Ibid. p. 247.

[426] Gee and Hardy, Documents, etc. p. 251.

[427] Ibid. p. 256.

[428] Letters and Papers, etc. XI. p. 445.

[429] Ibid. XI. pp. 30, 445.

[430] The two sets of Injunctions are printed in Gee and Hardy’s Documents illustrative of the History of the English Church, pp. 269, 275.

[431] The list of members is given in Letters and Papers, etc. XII. ii. p. 163.

[432] Letters and Papers, XII. ii. p. 165 (Foxe of Hereford to Bucer).

[433] Ibid. etc. XII. ii. p. 122.

[434] Ibid. XII. ii. pp. 118, 122, 162.

[435] Ibid. XII. ii. p. 228.

[436] Ibid. XII. ii. p. 228.

[437] Ibid. XII. ii. 252, 296.

[438] Ibid. XII. ii. p. 384.

[439] Cranmer’s Miscellaneous Writings and Letters (Parker Society, Cambridge, 1846), pp. 83-114, contains Corrections of the Institution of a Christian Man (the Bishops’ Book) by Henry VIII., with Archbishop Cranmer’s Annotations.

[440] As late as Jan. 1533 we find him writing: “Let us agitate for the use of Scripture in the mother-tongue, and for learning in the Universities.... I never altered a syllable of God’s Word myself, nor would, against my conscience” (Letters and Papers, etc. VI. p. 184).

[441] Cf. Tyndale’s answer to Sir Thomas More’s animadversions, Works (Day’s edition), p. 118.

[442] Cf. Pollard’s excellent and trenchant note, Cranmer and the English Reformation (New York and London, 1904), p. 110; Gairdner, The English Church in the Sixteenth Century, from the Accession of Henry VIII. to the Death of Mary (London, 1902), pp. 190-91.

[443] Letters and Papers, etc. XII. ii. 174.

[444] National Dictionary of Biography, art. “Rogers.”

[445] The excellence of Tyndale’s version is shown by the fact that many of his renderings have been adopted in the Revised Version.

[446] Dixon, History of the Church of England (London, 1878, etc.), ii. 77.

[447] Letters and Papers, etc. IX. p. 69.

[448] Ibid. IX. 119.

[449] Ibid. X. p. 234; cf. De Wette, Dr. Martin Luthers Briefe, etc. iv. p. 668.

[450] Ibid. IX. p. 72; cf. p. 70.

[451] Ibid. IX. p. 208.

[452] Ibid. IX. pp. 74, 75, 166, 311.

[453] Letters and Papers, etc. IX. pp. 344-48.

[454] Ibid. X. p. 38.

[455] These articles have been printed with a good historical introduction by Professor Mentz of Jena, Die Wittenberger Artikel von 1536 (Leipzig, 1905).

[456] Letters and Papers, etc. X. p. 98; cf. 58, 97, 108.

[457] Ibid. IX. p. 346.

[458] Ibid. X. p. 15.

[459] The Act is printed in Gee and Hardy, Documents, etc. p. 257.

[460] Letters and Papers, etc. XIII. ii. pp. 36, 78, 147, 155. In Letters and Papers, etc. XIV. i. p. 153, there is an official account of the English Reformation under Henry VIII., in which there is the following (p. 155): “Touching images set in the churches, as books of the unlearned, though they are not necessary, but rather give occasion to Jews, Turks, and Saracens to think we are idolaters, the King tolerates them, except those about which idolatry has been committed.... Our Lady of Worcester, when her garments were taken off, was found to be the similitude of a bishop, like a giant, almost ten feet long;... the roods at Boxelegh and other places, which moved their eyes and lips when certain keys and strings were bent or pulled in secret places—images of this sort the King has caused to be voided and committed other as it was convenient, following the example of King Hezekiah, who destroyed the brazen serpent. Shrines, copses, and reliquaries, so called, have been found to be feigned things, as the blood of Christ was but a piece of red silk enclosed in a thick glass of crystalline, and in another place oil coloured of sanguis draconis, instead of the milk of Our Lady a piece of chalk or ceruse. Our Lady’s girdle, the verges of Moses and Aaron, etc., and more of the Holy Cross than three cars may carry, the King has therefore caused to be taken away and the abusive pieces burnt, and the doubtful sort hidden away honestly for fear of idolatry.”

[461] Ibid. XIII. i. 283-84, Nicholas Partridge to Bullinger (April 12th).

[462] The Act for the Dissolution of the Greater Monasteries is printed in Gee and Hardy, Documents, etc. p. 281.

[463] Ibid. XIII. ii. p. 49.

[464] Letters and Papers, etc. XIII. ii. p. 459. “In oppido Calistrensi” is probably “at Coldstream”; Beaton had been made a Cardinal to be ready to make the publication.

[465] Letters and Papers, etc. XI. p. 305.

[466] Ibid. XI. pp. 238, 272, 355, 356, 477, 504, 507.

[467] Ibid. XI. 238.

[468] Ibid. XI. 477.

[469] Letters and Papers, etc. XIV. i. p. 344.

[470] Ibid. XIV. i. pp. 191, 192, 537.

[471] Ibid. XIV. i. p. 489.

[472] Letters and Papers, etc. XIV. i. p. 475.

[473] Gee and Hardy, Documents, etc. p. 303.

[474] Letters and Papers, etc. XIV. i. pp. 349, 438.

[475] Sources in addition to those given on p. 313: Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reigns of Edward VI., Mary, and Elizabeth (this Calendar is for the most part merely an index to documents which must be read in the Record Office); Correspondance politique d’Odet de Selve: Commission des Archives Politiques, (Paris, 1888); Literary Remains of Edward VI. (Roxburgh Club, London, 1857); Narratives of the Reformation (Camden Society, London, 1860); Wriothesley, Chronicle (Camden Society, London, 1875); Weiss, Papiers d’État du Cardinal de Granvelle (Collection de Documents inédits, Paris, 1841-52); Furnivall, Ballads from Manuscripts (Ballad Society, London, 1868); Four Supplications of the Commons, and Thomas Starkey, England under Henry VIII. (Early English Text Society, 1871); Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials and Life of Cranmer (Oxford edition, 26 vols. 1820, etc.); Liturgies of Edward VI. (Parker Society, Cambridge, 1844); Stow Annals (London, 1631).

Later Books in addition to those given on p. 313: Pollard, England under Protector Somerset (London, 1900); Burnet, History of the Reformation (Oxford edition, 1865); Dixon, History of the Church of England (London, 1893); Gasquet and Bishop, Edward VI. and the Book of Common Prayer (London, 1890). Cambridge Modern History, ii. xiv.

[476] Pollard, Cambridge Modern History, ii. 474.

[477] These Injunctions, and the Articles of Inquiry which interprets them, are printed in Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, etc. (Oxford, 1822) II. i. pp. 74-83.

[478] Cranmer, Miscellaneous Writings and Letters (Parker Society Cambridge, 1846), p. 128.