530. Du Chaillu, p. 312 and 108.

531. Allied to the Stinger (ota) of Yoruba, and Idzalco, “the fighter which makes one go.”—T. J. Bowen.

532. Livingstone’s Travels, p. 468.

533. St. Clair’s W. Indies, i. 167–8.

534. Stedm. Surinam, ii. 94.

535. Of similar size and ferocity as the great Red-ant of Ceylon, the Dimiya, Formica smaragdina.—Tennent, N. H. of Ceyl., p. 424.

536. The Cobra de Capello, Naja tripudians, Merr.

537. Knox, Hist. Rel. of Ceylon, Pt. I. ch. vi. p. 24.

538. Stedm. Surinam, ii. 142.

539. K. and S. Introd., i. 123.

540. Smith’s Nature and Art, xii. 195. Clavigero supposes that all the attachment which the snake shows to the Ant-hills proceeds from its living on the Ants themselves.

541. Du Chaillu, p. 312.

542. The Swiss farmers, in order to rid their trees of caterpillars, allure the Ants to climb the trees, where, being confined by a circle of pitch round the holes, hunger soon causes them to attack the noxious larvæ.

543. Penny Encycl., sub. Ant.

544. Hakluyt Society, ii. 13.

545. The Mirror, xxxi. 342.

546. Smith’s Nature and Art, xii. 197.

547. Hist. Nat., i. 9, and v. 291. Cf. Sloane, Hist. of Jam., ii. 221.

548. Amer. Utriusq. Desc., p. 333.

549. Ibid., p. 379.

550. Southey’s Com. Place Book, 3d S. p. 346–7.

551. Herrera, vi. 5, 6.

552. Hist. of Jam., ii. 221.

553. Quoted, Ibid.

554. Journ. of Geog. Soc., 1841, x. 175.

555. Quot. by K. and S. Introd., i. 309.

556. Trav. in Swed., p. 118, Lond. 1789, 4to.

557. Ibid.

558. Jenkin’s Voy. of U. S. Explor. Exped. Com. by Wilkes, 8vo. Auburn, 1852, p. 319.

559. Cuv. An. Kingd.—Insects, ii. 489.

560. Ibid.

561. Pilgrims, iii. 996.

562. James’s Med. Dict.

563. Hist. of Jam., ii. 221.

564. Brande’s Encycl. of Sci. Lit., etc.

565. Pliny, Nat. Hist., xxviii. 7 (23).

566. Southey’s Com. Place Book, 3d S. p. 419.

567. Gent. Mag., Pt. II. lxxiii. 704–5, and Kirby’s Wond. Museum, i. 353–5.

568. Land and Water Creatures Compared, Holl. Trans., p. 793.

569. B. 7, c. xv. p. 664. Printed 1613.

570. Cuv. An. Kingd.—Ins., ii. 472.

571. Mem. Berlin Acad. for 1749.

572. Penny Encycl., sub. Ant.

573. K. and S. Introd., ii. 54.

574. Pilgrimage, p. 1090.

575. K. and S. Intro., ii. 54.

576. Joss. Voy., p. 118.

577. Baird’s Cyclop. of Nat. Sci.

578. Purchas’s Pilgrims, iii. 998.

579. Schomburgk’s Hist. of Barbados, 640–3; and Coke’s West Indies, ii. 313.

580. Cuv. An. Kingd.—Ins., ii. 471.

581. Pinkerton’s Col. of Voy. and Trav., xiv. 716.

582. Southey’s Hist. of Brazil, iii. 334, note.

583. Wanley’s Wonders, ii. 507.

584. Thom Browne’s Works, ii. 337, note.

585. Martial, B. iv. 15.

586. Southey, Hist. of Brazil, i. 645.

587. Owen’s Geoponika, ii. 148–9.

588. Nat. Hist., xxix. 29.

589. Wanley’s Wonders, i. 378.

590. Theatr. Ins., p. 40–50. Topsel’s Hist. of Beasts, p. 921–7. Vide Pierius’ Hieroglyph., p. 267–8; Pernicies summota; Pugnacitas; Imperfecti mores civiles; Perturbator.

591. Josh. xxiv. 12; Deut. vii. 20.

592. Kirby’s Bridgewater Treatise.—Saturday Mag., ix. 239.

593. Phil. Trans., i. 201.

594. Med. Dict.

595. Hist. of Beasts, p. 660.

596. Theatr. Ins., p. 49. Topsel’s Hist. of Beasts, p. 657, 927.

597. Notes and Queries, ii. 165.

598. Owen’s Geoponika, ii. 211.

599. Backhouse’s Mauritius, p. 32.

600. Moufet, Theatr. Insect., p. 47. Topsel’s Hist. of Four-footed Beasts and Serpents, p. 925, 655.

601. William’s Middle Kingdom; or Chinese Empire, i. 274.

602. Thom. Bozius de signis Eccles., B. 14, c. iii. Quot. by Butler, Fem. Monarchie, c. i. 48.

603. Quot. in Notes and Queries, ix. 167.

604. Parley of Beasts, p. 144. London, 1660.

605. Bozius, ubi supra. Butler, ubi supra.

606. Vicentius in Spec. Moral., B. 2, D. 21, p. 3. N. and Q., x. 499.

607. Pet. Cluniac, B. 1, c. i. N. and Q., x. 499.

608. Quot. in Notes and Queries, x. 499.

609. Harwood, Grec. Antiq., p. 200.

610. Pliny, Nat. Hist., ix. 18

611. Ibid.

612. Paus. Hist. of Greece, B. ix. c. xxiii. 3.

613. Stanley’s Hist. of Philos., Pt. V. c. ii. p. 157, Lond. 1701. Cf. Pliny, Nat. Hist., xi. 18.

Vide Pierius, Hieroglyph., p. 261–5. Populus regi suo obseques; Rex; Regnum; Grata eloquentia; Poeticæ amœnitas; Futuri seculi beatitudo; Dulcium appetitus; Diuturnæ valetudinis prosperitas; Meretrix; Exoticæ disciplinæ; Prophetarum oracula, etc.

614. Lives of the Saints, xii. 106.

615. Quot. in N. and Q., x. 500. This story is not in the Fem. Monarchie of 1609, printed for Jos. Barnes.

616. Theatr. Ins., p. 21–2. Topsel’s Hist. of Beasts and Serpents, p. 645, 905.

617. N. and Q., vi. 480.

618. Gay’s Pastorals, v. 107–8.

619. Chambers’ Book of Days, i. 752.

620. Plutarch, Nat. Quest., 36. Holl. Trans., p. 831.

621. Nat. Hist., xxviii. 7. Holl. Trans., p. 308.

622. Plutarch, Land and Water Creatures Compared. Holl. Trans., p. 786.

623. Georg. iv. 283–7. Dryden’s Trans.

624. Swam. Hist. of Ins., Pt. I. p. 226.

625. Martin’s Georg. of Virgil, iv. 295, note.

626. Dryden’s Virgil, Georg. iv. 417–442. Democritus, said to have been contemporary with Socrates and Hippocrates, the learned Varro, Columella, and Plorentinus, have severally given this same receipt. Vide Owen’s Geoponika, ii. 199.

627. Hollings. Chron., i. 384.

628. Swam. Hist. of Ins., Pt. I. p. 228.

629. N. and Q., ii. 356.

630. Nat. Hist., xix. 7. Holl. Trans., p. 23. E.

631. N. and Q., ii. 165. Chamb. Bk. of Days, i. 752.

632. N. & Q., xii. 200.

633. Mag. of Nat. Hist., ii. 405.

634. Bucke on Nature, i. 419.

635. Brand’s Pop. Antiq., ii. 300.

636. Ibid.

637. Ibid.

638. Thorpe’s North. Mythol., iii. 161.

639. Vide N. and Q. in Devon, v. 148; Essex, v. 437; Lincolnshire, iv. 270; Surrey, iv. 291; a Cornish superstition, too, xii. 38; in Buckinghamshire, Sussex, Lithuania, and France, iv. 308.

640. Brande’s Pop. Antiq., ii. 300.

641. Bucke on Nature, i. 413, note.

642. N. and Q., iv. 309.

643. Brand’s Pop. Antiq., ii. 300.

644. Fosbr. Encycl. of Antiq., ii. 738.

645. Brand’s Pop. Antiq., ii. 300.

646. Langstroth on Honey-Bee, p. 80.

647. Mag. of Nat. Hist., iii. 211, note.

648. Ibid., i. 303. London, 1829.

649. Peter Rotharmel had three specialties: Bees, Wheat, and Bonaparte. Concerning Bees, he had many strange notions, but the above recorded is the only one of which I have any positive information. Concerning wheat, at one time in his life he purchased an almanac, which indicated, among other things, the high and low tides, and, from studying this, he got it into his head that the fluctuations in the price of wheat were intimately connected with the rise and fall of the tides. So impressed was he with this idea, that he ever afterward yearly bought that particular almanac, and prophesied from it to his neighbors the probable value of their coming crops of wheat. On Sunday, he would walk fifteen and twenty miles through the country, to examine the different wheat-fields, and to afford him a topic of conversation for the ensuing week. But Napoleon was his principal study and his greatest mania. On him he would talk for hours, on the slightest provocation. The history of Bonaparte and his campaigns, which he only read, was an old German one.

650. Mag. of Nat. Hist., ii. 209.

651. Geog., Dryden’s Trans., iv. 82–9.

652. On the Honey-Bee, p. 113.

653. N. and Q., 2d Ser., ix. 443.

654. Nat. Hist., xxi. 20, Holl. Trans., p. 106. K.

655. Quot. in Brand’s Pop. Antiq., iii. 225.

656. Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, p. 132.

657. Quot. by Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, p. 231.

658. Campbell’s Travels in S. Africa, p. 339.

659. Percy Soc. Public., iv. 99.

660. Owen’s Geoponika, ii. 109–10.

661. Nat. Hist., xx. 13. Holl., p. 56. M.

662. Ibid., Holl., p. 95. A.

663. Ibid., xxi. 20. Holl., p. 106. K.

664. Ibid., xxiii. 18. Holl., p. 173. A.

665. Ibid., xxix. 4. Holl., p. 361. D.

666. Ibid., xxx. 16. Holl., p. 399. F.

667. Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, p. 316, note.

668. Brand’s Pop. Antiq., iii. 225.

669. Georg., iv. 280–4; Dryden’s Trans.

670. Fosb. Encycl. of Antiq., ii. 738.

671. Judg. xiv. 8.

672. Cf. Swammerdam, Hist. of Ins., Pt. I. p. 227, and Smith’s Dict. of the Bible.

673. Herod., v. 114–5.

674. Excursions, i. 127.

675. Fem. Monarchie, c. vi. 49.

676. Williams’ Chinese Empire, i. 275.

677. Chiflet, 164–181; Montf. Monarch. Franc., i. 12; Gough’s Sepul. Mon., vol. i. p. lxii.

678. Cf. N. & Q., vii. 478, 553; viii. 30.

679. Harper’s New Monthly Mag., xxvi. 441.

680. Il. β. 87; μ. 67; Odyss., ν. 106.

681. Hesiod, Theog., 594, seq.

682. Bucke on Nature, ii. 75.

683. Cf. Kalm, ii. 427; Schneider, Observ. sur Ulloa, ii. 198.

684. Ibid.

685. Tour in the Prairies, ch. ix.

686. Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, p. 236.

687. Letters.

688. Voyages dans les Alpes. Ins. Misc., p. 262.

689. Brookes mentions the Duchy of Juliers, a district of Westphalia, Germany.—Nat. Hist. of Ins., p. 160.

690. Columella says the Greeks were accustomed, every year, to remove the hives from Achaia into Attica.—Ibid.

691. One person in particular, in the territory called Gatonois, has been at the pains of removing his hives, after the harvest of Sainfoin, into the plains of Beauce, where the melilot abounds, and thence into Sologne, where it is well known the Bees may enjoy the advantage of buckwheat, till toward the end of September, for so long that plant retains its flowers.—Ibid.

692. Ins. Misc., p. 262.

693. Mag. of Nat. Hist., iii. 652.

694. Wood’s Zoog., ii. 429.

695. Ins. Misc., p. 263.

696. Quot. by Langstroth—On Honey-Bee, p. 305, note.

697. Nat. Hist., x. 9.

698. Journ. of Geog. Soc., 1843, xiii. 40.

699. Murray’s Africa, i. 168.

700. Scot’s Mag., Nov. 1766. Chamb. Journ., 1st S. xi. 184.

701. The Bees.

702. Treatise on Bees, 1769. Ins. Misc., p. 320–1.

703. Fem. Monarchie, ch. i. 39.

704. Travels, p. 178, Harper’s ed.

705. B. VII. c. xvi. p. 667. Printed, 1613.

706. Montaigne’s Works, p. 243.

707. Lesser, ii. 171. K. & S. Introd., ii. 247.

708. Knox, Pt. I. c. vi. p. 48.

709. Martyr, p. 274.

710. Banc. Guiana, p. 230.

711. Nat. Hist. of Selborne, p. 293.

712. Trav., i. 9.