1 See p. 152.
2 Genealogies; see Vol. IV, pt. 1, p. 11, Ethnological Survey Publications.
3 Sanskrit; sunshine.
4 Natives of the Celebes; they were often called by the Spaniards Macassars.
5 Timway or tumuway, meaning “leader” or “chief,” is the title given to the chiefs of the land before Islam. Timway has been replaced by datu.
6 It is possible that this color distinction arose from an early superstition or belief of Hindu origin assigning those divisions of the island to the four respective Hindu deities, who are generally represented by those four colors.
7 Quoted in Keppel’s “Visit to the Indian Archipelago,” p. 127.
8 This term is applied in Sulu in the same sense as the Malay terms Orang-banua and Orang-bukit, meaning hill tribes or aborigines, or, as they say in Mindanao, Manubus.
9 This term is used here in the same sense as Orang-Malayu meaning the better or seacoast Malays.
10 The determination of this date and that of the rule of Abu Bakr is covered by a complete statement which will appear in the chapter on the early Mohammedan missionaries in Sulu and Mindanao, to be published in a later paper.
11 The first historic seat of Malay rule was Pagar Ruyong (in the mountains of Sumatra), the capital of the so-called “Empire of Menangkabaw.” (Malay-English Dictionary, R. J. Wilkinson, III, 2.)
12 Brass cannon used by Moros.
13 Variety of mango.
14 The prince of the princes.
15 The exalter of the humble.
16 The defender of the faith; the first.
17 Malay word, meaning “in the mountain.”
18 The Sulu equivalent of “Digunung.”
19 The kind.
20 “The Philippine Islands,” Blair and Robertson, Vol. IV, p. 174.
21 Bisayas.
22 Natives of the Philippine Islands.
23 Large estates assigned to Spaniards.
24 An honorific title given to the early governors of the Philippines.
25 The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson II, pp. 98, 99.
26 Ibid., II, p. 156.
27 Ibid., VII, p. 68, 69.
28 So given in the text without explanation. It is probably a weight.
29 The Philippine Islands, VIII, pp. 73–75.
30 Apuntes sobre Jolo, Espina, p. 56.
31 A large canoe used by the Malayan peoples with two rows of oars, very light, and fitted with a European sail; its rigging of native manufacture. (Philippine Islands, II, p. 246.)
32 Large Moro boat with outriggers.
33 Bungsu, the sultan; sire and intermediator.
34 Name of boat used in the Philippine Islands.
35 Rizal conjectures that this word is a transformation of the Tagál word, lampitaw, a small boat still used in the Philippines.
36 We follow Stanley’s translation. He derives the word cacatal (zacatal) from zacatc, or sacate, signifying “reed,” “hay,” or other similar growths, zacatal thus being a “place of reeds” or a “thicket.”
37 A long weapon resembling a sword, used by Moros.
38 From kalasag, a shield. (Rizal.)
39 Argensola says that this native, named Ubal, had made a feast two days before, at which he had promised to kill the Spanish commander. (Rizal.)
40 Posts set upright in the ground.
41 Sucesos de Is Islas Filipinas, Dr. Antonio de Morga, Mexico, 1609; The Philippine Islands, XV, pp. 90–92.
42 See Appendixes I and II, Pacification of Mindanao.
43 Fathoms.
44 The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson IX, pp. 283, 285–287.
45 Ibid., IX, pp. 289, 290.
46 See Appendix III, Moro Raids of 1599 and 1600.
47 History of the Philippines, Barrows, pp. 153, 154.
48 See Appendix IV, Gallinato’s expedition to Jolo.
49 See Appendix V, Olaso’s expedition.
50 The greatest Sultan of Mindanao, the son of Bwisan.
51 An account of this fight and the Moro expedition under Tagal is given in “The Philippine Islands,” Blair and Robertson XXVII, pp. 215–226.
52 See “Letter from Corcuera to Philip IV.” (The Philippine Islands, XXVII, pp. 346–359.)
53 See Appendix VI, Corcuera’s campaign in Jolo.
54 On Moro pirates and their raids in the seventeenth century, see The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XLI, pp. 277–324.
55 A Spanish measure of weight used in the Philippine Islands, equivalent to about 133 pounds.
56 The defender of the Faith.
57 Relación de a entrada del Sultan Rey de Joló, in Archivo del Bibliófilo Filipino, Vol. I.
58 History of the Philippines, Barrows, p. 227.
59 See Appendix VII, Obando’s report on the preparations to be undertaken to return Alimud Din to Sulu; also Appendix VIII, Obando’s report on the circumstances attending the attempt to return Alimud Din to Sulu.
60 The Philippine Islands, Foreman, pp. 145, 146.
61 The sultan complained that he had not been treated in Manila with dignity equal to his rank and quality, and that he had constantly been under guard of soldiers in his residence (this was explained to be a guard of honor).
62 The Philippine Islands, Foreman, p. 147.
63 On the occupation of Palawan and Balabak, see Appendixes IX and X.
64 History of the Philippines, Barrows, p. 228.
65 See Appendix XI.
66 See Forrest’s “A Voyage to New Guinea,” pp. 320–335.
67 Another name for Jolo and the name of the stream which passes through it.
68 It is more likely that elephants were obtained from Borneo and Sumatra.
69 Some were more than 90 feet in length.
70 One of the settlements forming the town of Kotabato.
71 This was an erroneous impression. It no doubt seemed so to Captain Forrest who judged from his observations of Sultan Israel who acquired a taste for European music in Manila.
72 A Voyage to New Guinea, Capt. Thomas Forrest, pp. 336–337.
73 Name given to the network of channels by which the waters of the Pasig River find their way to the sea.
74 History of the Philippines, Barrows, pp. 246–248.
75 See Appendixes XII, XIII, XIV, and XV.
76 A variety of palm from which mats and sails are made.
77 Edition of 1853, pp. 57–69.
78 A leaf chewed with betel nut.
79 Amirul Mu’minin or Alimud Din I.