[1360] Brewer reads, ‘Explicit liber tertius De Consideratione quartae Sententiae S. Magistri per Rogerum Bacon,’ &c. His whole account of this MS. is not very trustworthy; Op. Ined. p. xxxix.

[1361] Cf. MSS. Sloane 284 (sec. xiv), 477 (A. D. 1309), and 2411; Digby 150 (sec. xiii), f. 106, ‘Extracciones a Thezauro pauperum, libro scil. preceptorum medicinalium.’

[1362] John of London was a master, and contemporary of Roger’s; Op. Ined. p. 34. ‘Juvenis Johannes’ was aged 20 or 21 in 1267, and had no experience in teaching, ibid. 61.

[1363] The dates are conclusive; Peckham entered the Order as a young man, not as a boy, in the lifetime of Adam Marsh; Mon. Franc. I, 256. ‘Juvenis Johannes’ was about 12 years old when Adam died.

[1364] Op. Ined. 63.

[1365] Ibid. 61.

[1366] Ibid.

[1367] Ibid. 62.

[1368] Namely, a treatise on rays, Op. Ined. p. 230, and an elaborate one on mathematics and judicial astrology, ibid. 270; John took also a concave lens, ibid. p. 111.

[1369] Ibid. 62.

[1370] MS. Gray’s Inn Libr. 7, f. 62, ‘a quadam villa proxima que dicitur Herteford.’

[1371] MS. Gray’s Inn Libr. 7, f. 62.

[1372] Ottobon came to England in November, 1265, and left in July, 1268.

[1373] Miracula Symonis de Montfort, p. 96 (Camden Soc. 1840).

[1374] Ibid. p. 95.

[1375] Hardy, Descript. Catal. Vol. III, p. 207, No. 352. Wadding, Script. 218, Sup. ad Script. p. 667.

[1376] Twyne, MS. XXII, 103 c. (Defensorium, cap. 62). Perhaps he is the ‘Frater G. de Ver’ who was at the London convent, c. 1250, Mon. Franc. I, 328.

[1377] Bale (I, 323) and Pits.

[1378] Pits calls him S.T.P. of Oxford; his name does not occur in the list of Franciscan masters. Wadding (VI, 48) says that Duns Scotus was made S.T.P. at Oxford when Ware was called to Paris. This is incorrect; Duns was never doctor of Oxford; see notice of him.

[1379] Dugdale, Monast. Vol. VI, Part III, p. 1529 (from Fr. a S. Clara).

[1380] Barth. of Pisa, Liber Conform. f. 81, ‘Johannes Guarro Anglicus magister Scoti.’ Duns Scotus mentions him twice in his works, Wadding, VI, 45. Cf. Bibl. S. Antonii, at Padua, MS. in Pluteo XXII, in calce: ‘Varro professionis Minoritae Doctorum Jubar et praeceptor Divi Scoti famosus’; quoted by Tomasin, p. 60 b.

[1381] Willot, Athenae, p. 166.

[1382] Collectanea, III, 51.

[1383] A ‘Richard Middleton’ was fellow of Merton sub Edw. III; of course he is not to be confounded with the Minorite doctor.

[1384] Wadding, IV, 54, 121. Archiv f. L. u. K. Gesch. III, 417. This date is sufficient to show that he cannot have finished the Summa of Alexander of Hales at the command of Pope Alexander IV, as Davenport (Francis a S. Clara) alleges, Opera, Tom. I, Hist. Minor, p. 12. The Summa was finished by Friar William of Middleton, D.D. of Paris (and probably fifth master of the Franciscans at Cambridge), who died 1261, Wadding, IV, 57; Lanerc. Chron. 70; Mon. Franc. I, 555.

[1385] Archiv, &c., II, 296 (from Angelus de Clarino, Hist. Tribulat.).

[1386] Wadding, VI, 13; and Willot, Athenae.

[1387] Athenae, 314-315; the two last epithets are applied to him in the edition of his Quodlibets printed at Venice in 1509.

[1388] Wadding, Sup. ad. Script. 633; this is the earliest instance which I have found of the special application of any such title to Richard Middleton.

[1389] It is always assumed that he was an Englishman; the available evidence on the point is slight. MS. Borghes. 322, f. 174 a (sec. xiv) has the note: ‘Hic loquitur (Petrus J. Olivi) stulte contra fratrem G. de Mara et communem opinionem.’ MS. Borghes. 358, f. 227 b (sec. xiv): ‘Magister Guillelmus de Anglia habet duas sententias in instrumentis duobus datas contra doctrinam P(etri) J(oannis) ...’ &c. The second William here is probably W. de Mara (Archiv f. L. u. K. Gesch. III, 472-3). B. of Pisa and Tritheim say nothing about his nationality. The name was not uncommon in England; see e.g. Pat. Roll, 10 Edw. I, m. 7 dorse; Le Neve, Fasti, vol. iii; cf. forest of Mara, or Delamere in Cheshire.

[1390] Charles, Roger Bacon, p. 240. Cf. B. of Pisa, Liber Conform. fol. 81: ‘scripsit ... contra fratrem Thomam de Aquino correctorium componendo.’

[1391] Wadding, Sup. ad Script. 323.

[1392] This reply was printed at Cologne, 1624 (Charles, ibid.), and at Cordova in 1701. See Merton Coll. MS. 267; MS. in Bibl. S. Anton. Venet. in pluteo xviii; Boston of Bury, in Tanner, Bibl. p. xxxviii.

[1393] Charles, Roger Bacon, pp. 240-1.

[1394] Anal. Franc. II, 115.

[1395] ‘Scripsit super sententias ad opus domini fratris Bonaventure multa superaddendo et multa quodlibeta faciendo.’ B. of Pisa, Liber Conform. f. 81: cf. Tanner, Bibl. 223.

[1396] Other works attributed to him by Sbaralea (Wadding, Sup. ad Script.), viz. Paraphrasis Musaei and Sylvarum libri quatuor, are by W. de Mara, Bishop of Constance in the fifteenth century.

[1397] Peckham’s Reg. p. 1040.

[1398] Part I, chapter i.

[1399] Report IV, pp. 442-4.

[1400] Oliver, Monasticon Diocesis Exon. p. 331. He is not to be confused with his namesake, the opponent of Ockham: he may possibly be the author of the Tractatus de octo Beatitudinibus in MS. Laud. Misc. 368, fol. 106 (sec. xiv).

[1401] Cf. Inquisitio ad quod damnum 20 Edw. I (Nov. 1291), in Mon. Franc. II, 289.

[1402] His name does not occur in the list of lectores, as it probably would have done had he been a Franciscan; this inference however cannot be drawn with any certainty.

[1403] Rolls of Parliament, I, 16 a. Lyte, p. 127. The name of ‘Frater Willelmus de Leominstre’ stands first in the list of the five magistri who represented the University.

[1404] Script. II, 98. Cf. MS. Seld. sup. 64, fol. 48, ‘ex officina Joannis Cocke.’

[1405] Excheq. Q. R. Wardrobe, ⁴⁄7, 17-18 Edw. I (R.O.): ‘per manus fratrum Johannis de Bekinkham et Johannis de Clara xvi^li. xiii^s iiii^d.’

[1406] Peckham, Regist. p. 895.

[1407] Excheq. Q. R. Wardrobe, ⁴⁄7 (R.O.).

[1408] Excheq. Q. R. Wardrobe, ⁸⁄2, m. 1.

[1409] Ibid. ¹³⁄35 (m. 1): ‘ffratri Johanni de Clare de ordine Minorum pro expensis suis et conductione equitature pro se et socio suo eundo cum magna festinacione ad diversa loca pro fratre Hugone de Hertpoul ministro ordinis sui querendo ad consensum expedicioni negociorum predictorum prestandum per manus proprias apud Berkhamstede eodem die (March 29) xxiiij^s iij^d.’ The business mentioned was connected with a bequest to the Mendicant Orders by Edmund, Earl of Cornwall.

[1410] MS. Digby 154, fol. 38.

[1411] Kennet’s Parochial Antiquities, I, 362.

[1412] MS. Digby 154, fol. 37 b.

[1413] Mon. Franc. I, 556.

[1414] Mon. Franc. I, 514.

[1415] Exchequer, Q. R. Wardrobe, Accts. ¹⁶⁄14, 35 Edw. I. (R.O.)

[1416] Mon. Franc. I, 512-3. See ibid. 518: ‘Octavam fenestram vitrari fecit frater Henricus de Sutton, gardianus.’

[1417] MS. New Coll., Oxford, 92; among other preachers mentioned is Simon of Gaunt, Chancellor of the University in 1291.

[1418] Wood MS. F 29 a, f. 178 (i.e. Wood-Clark, II, 386).

[1419] Ibid., and Mon. Franc. I, 552.

[1420] Wood MS. ibid.

[1421] There is no evidence as to the place of his birth (the note which Leland triumphantly quotes—Merton Coll. MS. 59—was written in 1455, and contains the baseless statement that he was fellow of Merton College); and the only evidence of his nationality is the name ‘Scotus,’ and a note in the catalogue of the library at Assisi, written 1381: ‘Opus super quatuor libros sententiarum mag. fratris Johannis Scoti de Ordine Minorum qui et doctor subtilis nuncupatur, de provincia Hiberniae.’

[1422] Wood-Clark, II, 386. He must have attained the age of thirty by this time; Archiv f. L. u. K. Gesch. VI, pp. 128-9.

[1423] Wadding (VI, p. 48) cites some passages bearing on the date. Duns’ great work on the Sentences is called Scriptum Oxoniense, but I do not know how far the name can be traced back; Merton Coll. MSS. 60, 61, 62, date from the middle of the 15th century. Barth. of Pisa however says: ‘Hic primo in Anglia Oxonie Sentencias legit. Deinde in studio Parisiensi.’

[1424] He says, e.g. on the authority of the letter, that Duns was at Paris in 1304; the letter implies exactly the opposite; he was in ‘some province other than the province of France.’

[1425] Wadding, VI, 51, from Petrus Rodulphus, ‘qui eas ex ipso exscripsit autographo.’

[1426] Wadding, VI, 107.

[1427] Ibid. 51. The passage is usually understood to refer to his regency at Paris. No record of the Chapter remains.

[1428] Ibid. 116. The statement that he died at the age of 34 or 43 is a pure guess. The tradition of his having been buried alive when in a trance is found in St. Bernardin of Siena; Wadding, VI, 114.

[1429] Liber Conform. f. 81.

[1430] Archiv f. L. u. K. Gesch. I, 368, n. 1. Ehrle adds that the epithet occurs in some MSS. which he puts in the first half of the fourteenth century; ibid.

[1431] See the critical notice prefixed to each work in the Lyons edition; and Hist. Litt. Vol. XXV, pp. 426-446.

[1432] Rejected by Wadding without good reason: Hist. Litt. xxv, 447.

[1433] Twyne MS. XXII, 103 c.

[1434] Wood MS. F 29 a, 178: ‘Rob. de Couton’ is the eighteenth in the list of twenty-two names.

[1435] ‘Doctor amoenus vulgo vocatus est.’ Pits, p. 443 (anno 1340).

[1436] I have not found any mention of Robert Cowton in any foreign library, unless ‘Cathon’ in Bibl. Nat. Paris MSS. 15886-7, be for Cowton. Valentinelli proposes to identify Cowton with ‘Frater ven. doctor Robertus Anglicus ordinis Minorum,’ the author of a Dialogus de formalitatibus inter Ochanistam et Dumsistam (sic): inc. ‘quod verbis vituperii satis abundas’; MS. Venice; St. Mark, Vol. I. Class. V, Cod. 24 (sec. xv). The author was probably later than Cowton; perhaps Robert Eliphat.

[1437] Ann. Min. VI, 176: Wadding refers vaguely to ‘Irish MSS.’ Cf. Bale, Script. II, 242-3. Dict. of Nat. Biography.

[1438] Willot, Athenae, 83. Bale, Vol. II, p. 52: ‘Sophisticus doctor et scriptor antiquus.’ William Woodford refers on several occasions to ‘Doctor antiquus’ on the Sentences; Harl. MS. 31, f. 79, &c.

[1439] Bale gives these notes in MS. Seld. sup. 64, fol. 16 b: Brynkeley ... scripsit distinctiones theologicas, lib. I; ‘Ad sciendam primam originem et finalem’; ex Ramesiensi monasterio. Brenkyll Minorita scripsit lecturam sententiarum, lib. IV; ‘Utrum per aliquam disciplinam vel scientiam’; ex Coll. Regine Oxon. Brinquilis Minorita anglus scripsit super sententias, lib. IV; ‘Sit aliqua conclusio theologica’; Ex bibl. Carmel. Parisiensium.

[1440] Mon. Franc. I, 543; Brodrick, Mem. of Merton Coll., 197-8; Bale, Script. I, 391.

[1441] Tanner, Bibl. 150. All Souls MS. 87 (A. D. 1473), ‘Joannis Scoti discipulus.’ The note in Peterhouse MS. 2-4-2, ‘studiit Oxon et Paris,’ is in a late sixteenth-century hand.

[1442] Wood-Clark, II, 402.

[1443] At the end of the work in this edition: ‘Expliciunt questiones super octo libris phisicorum Aristotilis doctoris profundissimi fratris Johannis canonici ordinis fratrum minorum Anno 1475 ... Padue impresse.’ At the end of the volume: ‘... compilatum a domino iohanne marbres magistro in artibus tholose et canonico,’ &c. The explicit of Book I and Book II attributes these quaestiones to ‘Doctor canonicus magister Petrus Casuelis ordinis minorum.’

[1444] Record Off. Treasury of Receipt, ²⁄35.

[1445] Wadding, Ann. Min. VI, 246.

[1446] Wood says that Ockham received the last title from the Pope. Annals, I, 439.

[1447] Lambeth MS. 221 (sec. xiv), fol. 308 b; among ‘modern Oxonians,’ singled out for special praise, is ‘Occam inceptor in theology.’ Barth. of Pisa, Liber Conform. f. 81 b, calls him ‘Bacalarius formatus Oxonie.’ Cf. MS. Bibl. Mazarine, Paris, 894 (sec. xiv), ‘Questiones super primum librum Sententiarum de ordinacione fratris Guillelmi de Okham de ordine fratrum Minorum, Oxonie.’

[1448] Riezler, Die literarischen Widersacher der Päpste, &c. pp. 35, 241.

[1449] Wadding, VI, 396; Riezler, p. 71, &c. The English Provincial was William of Nottingham.

[1450] Wadding cites a letter of John XXII dated Kal. Dec. A^o VIII (1323), ordering the Bishops of Ferrara and Bologna to inquire into a report that Ockham had upheld the doctrine of Evangelical Poverty in a public sermon; if so, he was to be sent to Avignon within a month. Ann. Min. VII, 7, 23.

[1451] Anal. Franc. II, 142. Among the writings must have been the treatise De paupertate Christi, which Leland and Wadding mention, but which has not been identified. Cf. also Wadding, VII, 81-2, who states a work written at Avignon in 1328 was afterwards inserted in the Dialogus.

[1452] Riezler, 71.

[1453] Ibid. 68-71; Anal. Franc. II, 143.

[1454] Riezler, 76-7.

[1455] Ibid. 95 seq.

[1456] Ibid. 82.

[1457] In his treatise on the election of Charles, the creature of the Pope.

[1458] Wadding, VIII, 12-13, where the letter of the Pope to the General Minister, with the form of absolution, is given.

[1459] Riezler; Wadding, VIII, pp. 10-11.

[1460] On the last fly-leaf is a rude portrait of the author.

[1461] According to Tanner, one of Ockham’s works on the Physics was printed at Strasburg in 1491.

[1462] Another work on the Physics ascribed to Ockham was preserved at Assisi, and perhaps is there still: inc. prol. ‘Philosophos plurimos’: inc. opus. ‘Iste liber dividitur in duas partes.’ (Wadding, Sup. ad Script. 328.)

[1463] The first, consisting of three quaestiones, is called: ‘Tractatus quam gloriosus de sacramento altaris, et in primis de puncti, linee, superficiei, corporis, quantitatis, qualitatis et substantie distinctione,’ &c. The second contains forty-one chapters: ‘Incipit accessus ad tractatum de corpore Christi.’ Explicit: ‘hec tamen simpliciter falsa est, corpus Christi est quantitas in sacramento altaris.’

[1464] Ockham did not write the Disputatio inter militem et clericum. See Riezler, 144-8.

[1465] I do not know whether this MS. contains Tractatus i of Part III; probably, like most of the MSS., it omits it.

[1466] Goldast, Monarchia, II, 771.

[1467] Goldast, Monarchia, II, 957; Riezler, 263. Goldast speaks of six treatises only as missing, being apparently under the impression that he has printed three. The subdivisions are very confusing, and lead to many mistakes.

[1468] He was B.D. of Paris in 1373; D.D. in 1380; Chancellor in 1389; Bishop of Cambrai in 1396; Cardinal in 1411; he died in 1425. Oudin, Scriptores, III, p. 2293.

[1469] MS. Paris, Bibl. Nat. 14579, fol. 88—fol. 101b: ‘Explicit abbreviatio Dyalogi Okan quam fecit magister Petrus de Alliaco Episcopus Cameracensis et postea cardinalis.’

[1470] Ibid. f. 101 b. His nomenclature differs from that used here and (generally though not consistently) in the printed editions: thus he calls ‘Pars I’ Tractatus primus; ‘Pars II,’ Tractatus secundus; ‘Pars III, Tract ii’ (the only portion of Part III known to him), Tractatus tertius. Thus fol. 98 b: ‘Tractatus tertius est de viribus Romani imperii et habet 5 libros.’ Books 1, 2, and 3, correspond to those printed in Goldast (Pars III, Tract. ii, Libri 1, 2, 3): Book 4 discussed whether the emperor should defend the rights of the Roman Empire by arms ‘etiam contra papam cardinales et clerum’; Book 5 treated ‘de rebellibus, proditoribus, ... Romani imperii.’ These two books were not known to Peter d’Ailly, and are not now to be found.

[1471] Analecta Franciscana II, 169 sqq.

[1472] Mon. Franc. I, 556. Tanner (Bibl. 202) confounds him with another H. de Costesey in the fifteenth century.

[1473] Bale, I, 409.

[1474] Leland, Collect. III, 49.

[1475] Twyne MS. XXIII, 266; cp. Part I, Chapter VII.

[1476] Wood, Hist. et Antiq. II, 398; Le Neve, Fasti III, 465, 170; Mon. Franc. I, 542.

[1477] Wadding, VII, 291.

[1478] According to Bale he left several of his works to the convent at Reading; I have not found the authority for this statement. See Tanner, Bibl. 469. Adam de Lathbury was Abbat of Reading monastery in 1233. Dugdale, Vol. VI, Part III, p. 1509.

[1479] The assertion that he flourished in 1406 rests on a misunderstanding of the explicit in MS. Merton Coll. 189: ‘explicit secundum alphabetum et sic totum opus est completum A. D. 1406.’ This of course only refers to the writing of the MS.

[1480] Liber moralium in Threnos, cap. 106; Merton Coll. MS. 189, fol. 172 dorse.

[1481] MS. Selden, supra 64, fol. 75.

[1482] MS. Selden, supra 64, fol. 89, ‘ex quodam Minoritarum registro.’

[1483] See notice of Lathbury.

[1484] Wadding, Script. 116; Sup. ad Script. 341.

[1485] Mon. Franc. I, 541.

[1486] Record Office, Roman Transcripts, Regesta, Vol. V, f. 80-81, 1 Clement VI; ‘per sexdecim annorum spatium continue institit.’

[1487] Record Office, Roman Transcripts, ibid. He has permission to continue to reside in the London convent, to have a decent chamber, one friar as socius, one clerk, two servants, and to dispose of his books and other property.

[1488] Mem. of Merton, p. 208.

[1489] ‘Item versus finem chori ex parte Boriali a stallis sub fune lampadis jacet sub longo lapide ffrater Johannes Lamborn confessor Regine Isabelle et filius Baronis et ultimus heres illius baronis.’ MS. Cott. Vitell. F XII, fol. 276.

[1490] Mon. Franc. I, 543; Mem. of Merton, 208.

[1491] Mon. Franc. ibid.; MS. Digby 176, fol. 50, 40.

[1492] Mon. Franc. ibid. He may be the same as Langberg or Langborow, fellow of Merton in 1357, and S.T.P., who is said to have become a Minorite. Simon Lamborn, fellow of Merton in 1347, Proctor in 1361, and S.T.P., is also said to have entered the Order, but Wood reasonably supposes this incident to have been borrowed from the life of Reginald Lambourne. Memorials of Merton, 208-9.

[1493] Liber Conform. f. 81 b.

[1494] Pits, p. 443. Bale is less definite, ‘Anglorum gymnasia ... petiit.’ I, 416. Cf. Wadding, VII, 170 (A. D. 1334).

[1495] Mon. Franc. I, 557. Tanner mentions him as Robert Eliphat, and ‘Aliphat Anglus, Gregorii Ariminensis auditor’; Bibl. pp. 259, 36.

[1496] Cf. also p. 222, note 5, above.

[1497] Mon. Franc. I, 557; Mem. of Merton Coll., 195, 346.

[1498] Mon. Franc. I, 557, 560, 538.

[1499] Mon. Franc. I, 541.

[1500] Rymer’s Foed. Vol. II, Part. II, pp. 870, 991; Vol. III, Part. I, p. 230.

[1501] Mun. Acad. pp. 173-180.

[1502] Ibid. 208. See pp. 43-3 above.

[1503] Tanner, Bibl. 509.

[1504] Oxf. City Records, Old White Book, fol. 55 b.

[1505] Wadding, VIII, 106, 457; the papal letter is dated, IV Idus Feb. A^o III; Mon. Franc. I, 561.

[1506] Wadding, VIII, 127; Wood, Annals, sub anno 1360.

[1507] Mon. Franc. I, 538.

[1508] Copy in Lambeth MS. 1208, f. 99 b-100: ‘Copia bulle quam frater Rogerus Coneway optinuit in Romana curia anno Christi 1359; III Non. April, A^o VII.’ The date in Todd’s Catalogue is wrong. For the papal decree referred to, see Corpus Juris Canon., Extravag. Communium Liber V, Tit. III, cap. 2.

[1509] Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561.

[1510] His Defensio Mendicantium was written at the command of some superior; see cap. III (Goldast, Monarchia, Tom. II): ‘Ad quem (Armachanum) dignatus est me rogare quidam venerabilis pater ac magister, qui me potuit obligare mandato, quod eiusdem Domini dictis et calumniis pro viribus obviarem.’

[1511] MS. Cott. Vitell. F XII, f. 274 b.

[1512] This volume, and MS. 12 in the same library (containing the ‘Moralities’ of Nicholas Bozon), were given by Conway when Minister to the Franciscans of Chester.

[1513] Hist. of Norf. IV, p. 131.

[1514] Digby MS. 90, in calce.

[1515] Ibid.

[1516] Leland, Script.; the work does not appear to be extant. Wadding suggests that the commentary printed among the works of Duns Scotus (Vol. II) may be by Tunstede.

[1517] Laud. Misc. MS. 657 (sec. xv); cf. Pub. Libr. Cambr. MS. Mm III, 11. For representations of Wallingford and the clock, see MSS. Cott. Claud. E IV, f. 201; Nero D VII, &c.

[1518] Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561.

[1519] Ibid.

[1520] See Part I, chapter iv: the treatise is printed under the name of Simon Tunstede in E. de Coussemaker’s Auctores de Musica med. Aevi, Nova Series, Vol. IV, pp. 220-298. Paris, 1876. The treatise, according to the editor, is very important, and forms in some sort the transition between the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.

[1521] Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561.

[1522] MS. Cott. Vitell. F XII, f. 274 b.

[1523] The forms Mardiston (Brewer) and Marcheley (Leland, Bale, Pits) are wrong; they are derived from MS. Cott. Nero A IX, f. 103, where the name, though indistinct, is certainly Mardisley.

[1524] Tanner, Bibl. 509; Wadding, Script. 146; Bale, Pits.

[1525] Tanner, ibid; in Registro capituli S. Petri Ebor.

[1526] Eulog. Hist. III, 337-8.

[1527] Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561: cf. notice of Th. Kyngesbury.

[1528] Mon. Franc. ibid.

[1529] Wadding, VIII, pp. 239, 249.

[1530] Wadding, Vol. VIII, p. 178.

[1531] Rymer’s Foed. Vol. III, pt. II, p. 995. In a papal letter of 1376 he is described as ‘conservator privilegiorum Fratribus Ordinis Minorum in Hibernia a Sede Apostolica concessorum specialiter deputatus,’ Wadding, VIII, p. 592. Cotton, Fasti Eccles. Hibern. I, 89.

[1532] Wadding, VIII, 298 (see notice of H. of Halvesnahen). Chronicon Angliae 1328-1388 (R.S.), p. 222.

[1533] Rymer’s Foed. IV, 30.

[1534] B. of Pisa, Liber Conf. fol. 81 b: ‘suis determinationibus Oxonie factis.’ Wadding, VIII, 333.

[1535] Bale, Pits; Willott, Athenae, 229.

[1536] MS. Seld. sup. 64, fol. 80.

[1537] Wadding, Vol. VIII, p. 332. The original document from which these facts are derived is not given in the Regestrum at the end of the volume: the date would be, Greg. XI, A^o 6.

[1538] Wadding, VIII, 166, 500.

[1539] Ibid. 221, seq.

[1540] Dated, VII Kal. April, A^o VIII (Urban V).

[1541] Quétif and Echard (II, 136 b), mention a Dominican writer, William Piati or Prati, who flourished 1540, but do not assign this treatise to him.

[1542] MS. Cott. Domit. A II, f. 1.

[1543] MS. Cott. Faust. A II, f. 1.

[1544] Bale, Script. I, 513; he is said to have written Calendarii castigationes (inc.: ‘Corruptio calendarii horribilis est’), which I have not found. MS. formerly in Caius College (perhaps now No. 141?). Cf. R. Bacon, Op. Ined. p. 272.

[1545] Edit. Skeat, p. 3.

[1546] E.g. by Chaucer (ut supra).

[1547] Mercator’s Atlas, translated by Hexham, Vol. I, p. 44; Hakluyt, I, 134.

[1548] Elsewhere called ‘Jacobus Cnoyen Buscoducensis,’ or ‘of Hartzeuan Buske’ (i.e. Bois-le-Duc, Mr. R. L. Poole informs me): I can find nothing about him.

[1549] The Latin edition of Mercator, A. D. 1606, adds ‘(quod tamen ab alio prius accepit)’.

[1550] Quoted, without a reference, in Hakluyt, I, 135.

[1551] MS. Arundel 207, ad calcem: ‘ego frater Nicholaus de Linea, ord. beate Dei genetricis Marie de Monte Carmeli.’

[1552] Fascic. Zizan. p. 287.

[1553] Ann. Min. IX, 129, &c.

[1554] Waterford wrote a treatise in 1433; Wadding, IX, 129; Woodford lectured at Oxford before 1381.

[1555] Twyne MS. XXI, 502. See above, p. 81.

[1556] Fascic. Zizan. 517, 523.

[1557] MS. Exeter Coll. 7, f. 4.

[1558] MS. Digby, 170; at the end of the third determinatio.

[1559] MS. Digby, fol. 33.

[1560] Fascic. Zizan. 525, n. 2.

[1561] MS. New Coll. 156, fly-leaf; printed in App. B.

[1562] See Tanner. Bibl. 785.

[1563] MS. Cott. Vitell. F, XII, f. 274 b.

[1564] Namely, De causis condemnationis articulorum 18, &c.: see below.

[1565] This MS. (f. 112) contains also Philosophia naturalis (inc. ‘Queris, venerande dux Normannorum’), erroneously ascribed to Woodford, really composed by William de Conchis: cf. MS. Bodl. Digby 107; Tanner, Bibl. p. 194.

[1566] Wood, Hist. et Antiq. Milman, Lat. Christ. VIII, 121.

[1567] Eulog. Hist. III, 415 (R.S.). Gascoigne, Lib. Veritatum, 161: Cotton MS. Cleop. E II, fol. 262 b, a letter of Henry IV to Alexander V: the king reminds him, ‘qualiter a juventute vestra fuistis in regno Anglie, ac eciam in preclaro Universitatis Oxonie studio conversatis, quodque multos honores et bona quamplurima suscepistis ibidem.’

[1568] Bibl. Nationale (Paris), Fonds de Cluni, Cod. 54, fol. 8.

[1569] Gascoigne, ibid.

[1570] Milman, ut supra.

[1571] Eulog. Hist. III, 415. Gascoigne, 154.

[1572] Eulog. Hist. III, 414, 415.

[1573] Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561; Cott. MS. Vesp. E VII, f. 7; Digby MS. 90, f. 6 b; Bodl. MS. 692, f. 33.

[1574] Bodl. MS. ut supra.

[1575] Ibid. Cf. notice of John Somer.

[1576] Bodl. MS. ut supra. As to the date, see English Hist. Review, Oct. 1891.

[1577] Mon. Franc. I, 538.

[1578] See notices of John Somer and John Tewkesbury.

[1579] Digby MS. 90, f. 6 b. A writer of the same name is mentioned by Bale and Pits, sub anno 1350. One was Fellow of Merton, c. 1340: see Tanner, Bibl. 706.

[1580] Fascic. Zizan. 113 (R.S.).

[1581] Eulog. Hist. Contin. III, 351 (R.S.).

[1582] Fascic. Zizan. 133-180. That the work was originally a lecture is proved by MS. in Corp. Chr. Coll. Cambr. No. 331, p. 583 (sec. XV), ‘Explicit confessio magistri et fratris Johannis Tassyngton (sic) de ordine Minorum et S.T. doctoris, quam edidit, et in scholis fratrum minorum Oxoniis determinando promulgavit ... A. D. 1381.’

[1583] Fasc. Zizan. p. 133, note 2, &c., and Eulog. Hist. ut supra. Mr. Shirley says, ‘Tyssyngton has evidently never seen most of the books he quotes; and the references are often false.’ He attempts to give the general sense of the passages he refers to, apparently from memory.

[1584] Fascic. Zizan. 357.

[1585] Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561.

[1586] Ibid. 538.

[1587] Oxf. City Rec. Old White Bk. fol. 71 a.

[1588] MS. Digby 170: ‘Explicit 3^a determinatio sive lectio magistri et fratris W. Woodford contra Wyclevystas Oxon. A. D. 1389 in scolis Minorum, et die vesperiarum fratris Johannis Romseye proximi magistri regentis.’ MS. Bodl. 393, fol. 58 b reads, ‘anno domini M^oCCC^oLXXXXIX^o.’

[1589] MS. Cott. Vitell. F XII, f. 277 b.

[1590] MS. Dd. III, 53, p. 101, in the Public Library at Cambridge; Richard occurs as king in the two succeeding entries and in several on the preceding page. That this is Richard II is clear, (1) from the writing; (2) from the mention on p. 97, of the Statute of Labourers.

[1591] Laurentiana, ex Bibl. S. Crucis, Plut. XVII, Sin. Cod. X.

[1592] Name erased in MS.

[1593] Bandini’s Catal. Cod. Lat. Mediceæ Laurentianæ, tome IV, pref. p. xlii.

[1594] Harl. MSS. No. 3768, fol. 188. Transcript in Twyne MSS. XXII, 223.

[1595] Wadding, IX, 499; Eulog. Hist. Contin. III, p. 403, seq.

[1596] MS. Seld. sup. 64, fol. 134 b, ‘ex quodam Minoritarum registro.’

[1597] Mon. Franc. I, 538.

[1598] Hearne’s edition of Tryvytlam’s poem in App. Vitae Ric. II (Oxon. 1729), p. 344, note 2.

[1599] Ibid. p. 358 (speaking of ‘Owtrede’ of Durham).

[1600] Script. 401.

[1601] Bale, Script. II, 57. A ‘Hugo Angerius’ flourished in 1338, but he was probably not a friar nor an Englishman; MS. Bibl. Nat. Paris, No. 5155, § 6.

[1602] ‘Dr. J. Ede Herfordensis Minorita scripsit inter cetera opus egregium, sc. lecturam in apocalypsim lib. 1. Ex scriptis Th. Gascoigne.’ Bale in MS. Seld. sup. 64, fol. 36 b.

[1603] Leland and Bale, who refer to the Catalogus eruditorum Franciscanorum.

[1604] ‘Opuscula quaedam Theologica,’ in Bernard’s Catalogue.

[1605] In MSS. Paris. Bibl. Mazarine, 287 and 288 (sec. XIV) is a Tabula originalium ... compilata a fratre Johanne Lectore Herfordensi ordinis fratrum Minorum. This work, though ascribed by Possevin and Tanner to J. of Hereford, is by John Lector of Erfurt. Wadding, Script. 139, Sup. ad Script. 415.

[1606] Merton Coll. MSS. No. 67, f. 202 seq.: at the end, ‘Explicit determinacio fratris et magistri Will. Buttiler ordinis minorum regentis Oxonie, A. D. 1401.’

[1607] Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561.

[1608] Eulog. Hist. Contin. III, 405. The year is fixed by the words, ‘Nuntius missus inveniens generalem mortuum.’ Henry of Ast died in 1405. Wadding, IX, 267.

[1609] Le Neve. Wadding, IX, 320, 499.

[1610] Wadding, IX, 493-4. Cf. Eulog. Hist. Cont. III, 409.

[1611] Wadding, IX, 356, 529: the papal letter is dated XVI Kal. Jun. A^o IV (May 17, 1414).

[1612] The list of Provincials in the Reg. Fratrum Minorum, London, has ‘Frater Willielmus Butler, doctor Oxoniae, jacet....’

[1613] Bale, in MS. Seld. sup. 64, fol. 215, from MSS. in the Franciscan Friary at Reading.

[1614] Mon. Franc. I, 539, 561; Wadding, IX, 356, 529; Wadding calls him ‘Bors.’

[1615] Bibl. p. 118.

[1616] Mon. Franc. I, 538.

[1617] Wadding, Sup. ad Script. 608.

[1618] Wadding, X, 53; Mon. Franc. I, 538, 561.

[1619] Mon. Franc. ut supra. Wadding, X, 53.

[1620] Mun. Acad. 274-5 (R.S.).

[1621] MS. Cott. Vitell. F XII, fol. 277 ‘... jacet in plano frater Thomas Cheyny, doctor theologie.’

[1622] MS. Bibl. Nat. Paris, 3221, § 5.

[1623] Wadding, X, 169: perhaps Thomas Wynchelse, who in 1427, ‘famosissimus doctor illius ordinis reputabatur;’ the only John Wynchelse, Minorite, mentioned elsewhere, died a novice about 1326. See notice of him.

[1624] Bale, I, 563. Blomfield, Norfolk, IV, 115.

[1625] Le Neve, Fasti, Vol. III. Wood, Hist. et Antiq. Oxon, II, 404.

[1626] Fascic. Zizan. p. 417.

[1627] Bale, Pits, &c. Clopton was chief justice under Richard II; see e.g. Close Roll, 13 Ric. II, part 2, m. 4, in dorso.

[1628] Leland, Script. 433.

[1629] His epitaph contains the lines:

‘Anglia gaudet eum doctum fecisse magistrum,
·······
Inbibit Oxonie musis nova pocula morum.’

See B. Gebhardt, Matthias Döring der Minorit, Sybel’s Hist. Ztschr. for 1888, pp. 251, 293-4. Most of the statements here are derived from Gebhardt’s article, a general reference to which will suffice. Cf. Wadding, Annales, XI, 49, 180; XII, 276, &c.

[1630] Ibid. p. 251. Weissenborn, Acten der Erfurter Univ. part I, p. 122.

[1631] Anal. Franc. II, 287.

[1632] He brought forward a ‘propositio circa Hussitarum articulum; de Donatione Constantini, num justo titulo clerici possideant bona Ecclesiarum temporalia quae Sylvestri a Constantino sint collata, in concilio Basiliensi 1432 ad disputandum proposita.’ Gebhardt, 257. Several of his discourses at the Council are preserved in Balliol Coll. MSS. 164, 165.

[1633] Twyne MS. XXIV, p. 129 (from Reg. Chichele, part II, fol. 35).

[1634] ‘Into pitous use of pore men.’ Wilkins, Conc. III, 456. The whole process against Russell will be found in Wilkins, Conc. III, 438-462.

[1635] Ibid. 434. Cf. Mon. Franc. I, 520: ‘ad has expensas (i.e. for the tiling of a roof in the London convent) dedit gardianus Russell iii libras.’

[1636] Given in English, Wilkins, Conc. III, 438.

[1637] Ibid. 456. Russell says himself, ‘Y ... went to the court of Rome supposyng ther to have be socured.’ Ibid. 457.

[1638] Ibid. 457-8.

[1639] If it be the same, but he is here described as an Austin Friar. See the receipt for the £10, executed in the names of the proctors, and dated Feb. 1, 1429/30, in Oxf. Univ. Archives, F 4, f. 15. ‘Noverint universi per presentes nos ... recepisse ... de Fratre Willelmo Russell ordinis Augustinencium decem libras sterlingorum virtute cujusdam gracie sibi concesse de commutacione convivii debiti in die incepcionis sue.’

[1640] Mun. Acad. 376.

[1641] Ibid. 270, note I. Wood, Annals, pp. 569-570.

[1642] Wood, Annals, sub anno 1427. Correspondence of Bekynton (R.S.), Vol. II, pp. 248-250.

[1643] ‘Sacre pagine professor.’ Drake, Eboracum, App. 29, translates this, ‘professor of holy pageantry.’ This curious mistake is repeated by the editor of Mon. Franc. Vol. II, preface, p. xxviii.

[1644] York Mystery Plays, by Lucy Toulmin Smith, p. xxxiv (the extract is from the York City Records, Book A, fol. 269).

[1645] Mon. Franc. I, 539, 561. Wadding, X, 169. ‘Friar Roger Dewe.’ Wilkins (Conc. III, 458) prints a letter from Archbishop Chichele to ‘fratri Johanni David S.T.P. et ordinis fratrum Minorum in Anglia ministro generali,’ dated March 2, 1425, ‘et nostrae translationis anno XII’—i.e. 1426, new style.