[293] Scene: the Abbey of Neath, Glamorganshire.

[294] So ed. 1598.—Omitted in ed. 1612. (Ed. 1622 "thy.")

[295] So eds. 1598, 1612.—Ed. 1622 " with sore" (and so Dyce.)

[296] So eds. 1612, 1622.—Ed. 1598 "open."

[297] Seneca Thyestes, 613.

[298] Old form of "yearns."

[299] So old eds. The repetition of "and these" in the next line is certainly suspicious. Dyce proposed

Mr. Fleay's suggestion that "these and these" are "the 'hags' and 'Spencer and Baldock,'" seems very questionable.

[300] Mr. Fleay prints this speech as verse:

The lines hobble badly.

[301] Scene: Kenilworth Castle.

[302] Dittany. Cf. Virgil Aen. xii. 411-15:—

Elizabethan poets are fond of alluding to the virtues of this herb. Cf. (one of many instances) Peele's Arraignment of Paris, iii. 1:—

[303] Rule.

[304] An allusion (as Steevens observed) to Creusa's crown in Euripides' Medea.

[305] Old eds. "vines."

[306] Ed. 1622 "survive" (and so Dyce).

[307] So eds. 1612, 1622.—Omitted in ed. 1598.

[308] Ed. 1612 "not whilst I live."

[309] In old eds. after this line the entrance of Berkeley is marked. I have followed Dyce in giving the words "My lord" to Winchester, and in placing Berkeley's entrance after line 127.

[310] Eds. 1612, 1622, "and."

[311] Scene: the royal palace, London.

[312] An allusion to the Greek proverb,
 τὁν λὑκον τὡτωνἑχω.

[313] So eds. 1612, 1622.—Ed. 1598 "as."

[314] So eds. 1612, 1622.—Ed. 1598 "will."

[315] The entrance and exit of Winchester are not marked in the old eds. I have followed Dyce.

[316] Dyce proposed to omit the word "letter."

[317] Mr. Fleay reads:—

[318] Ed. 1598 "it."—Eds. 1612, 1622, "it is."

[319] Scene: precincts of Kenilworth Castle.

[320] Aura vitæ.

[321] Edward II. was only forty-three when he was murdered. Stow often speaks of Edward II. as the "old king." Malone on Richard II. i. 1 ("Old John of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaster"), remarks:—"Our ancestors, in their estimate of old age, appear to have reckoned somewhat differently from us, and to have considered men as old whom we should esteem middle-aged. With them every man that had passed fifty seems to have been accounted an old man.... I believe this is made to arise from its being customary to enter into life in former times at an earlier period than we do now. Those who were married at fifteen had at fifty been masters of a house and family for thirty-five years."

[322] Scene: the Royal Palace, London.

[323] So ed. 1598.—Eds. 1612, 1622, "down."

[324] Ovid Metam. vi. 195.

[325] The scene shifts to Westminster.

[326] Old eds. "Bishop."

[327] Scene: Berkeley Castle.

[328] I.e., the dungeon full of mire and puddle. But perhaps we should read "lock."

[329] A curtain is drawn and the king is discovered in the dungeon.

[330] Business.

[331] So eds. 1598, 1612.—Ed. 1622 "tottered."

[332] The feather-bed mentioned in l. 32. "It was no doubt thrust upon the stage from the wing after the exit of Gurney and Matrevis."—Dyce.

[333] Old eds. "That and even."

[334] Mr. Fleay would read "fau't" (i.e. fault), comparing Richard III. ii. 1, 104:—"His fault was thought."

[335] So ed. 1598.—Omitted in eds. 1612, 1622.

[336] So eds. 1598, 1612, ("eies-lids").—Ed. 1622 "eye lids."

[337] Eds. 1598, 1612,

Ed. 1622

Mr. Fleay prints:—

[338] Scene: the royal palace, London.

[339] So ed. 1598.—Omitted in eds. 1612, 1622.

[340] The old eds. repeat "I."

[341] The prefix in the old eds. is "Lords."

[342] So ed. 1598.—Eds. 1612, 1622, "How now, my Lord?" (which is perhaps the right reading).

[343] Old eds. "Lords."

[344] Omitted in eds. 1612, 1622.

[345] Old eds. "Lords."

[346] So ed. 1598.—Eds. 1612, 1622, "the."

[347] Old eds. "Lords."

[348] In the old copy there is no division into scenes. Scene: an apartment in the Louvre.

[349] Untimely.

[350] Scene: an apartment in a house near the Louvre.

[351] "About noone, when he [the Admiral] was in returning home from the Counsell, with a greate companie of noblemen and gentlemen, beholde a harquebuzier out of a window of a house neere adjoyning shot the Admiral with two bullets of lead through both the arms.... The name of him that shot was very diligently kept secret. Some, saye it was Manrevet, which in the third Civill War traitorously slew his Captaine, Monsieur de Mony, a most valiant and noble gentleman, and straightway fled into the enemie's campe. Some say it was Bondot, one of the archers of the king's guard."—The Three Partes of Commentaries containing the whole and perfect discourse of the Civill Wars of France, &c. 1574 (Book x.).

[352] Crowns.

[353] This word occurs in 3 Henry VI., v. 1, and Titus Andronicus, v. 3; also in Shakespeare's Sonnets and Rape of Lucrece.

[354] Dwell. (In this sense the word "keep" is still used at Cambridge.)

[355] Old ed. "Nauarre, Nauarre."

[356] So old ed.—Dyce reads, "That those which do behold them."

[357] Scene: a street.

[358] Cunningham arranges ll. 34-5 thus:

[359] Scene: an apartment in the Louvre.

[360] So Dyce.—Old ed. "suspected."

[361] Beset.

[362] Old ed. "humble."

[363] Not marked in old ed.

[364] Old ed. "Enter the Admirall in his bed," a stage-direction meaning that a bed containing the Admiral should be thrust upon the stage. Cf. a stage-direction in Heywood's Golden Age;—"Enter the foure old Beldams, drawing out Danae's bed, she in it."

[365] Dyce reads "his."

[366] Scene: a street.

[367] Commencement. Dyce quotes from Heywood's Four Prentises of London:—

[368] From the upper stage.

[369] "Then a certain Italian of Gonzague's band cut off the Admiral's head, and sent it, preserved with spices, to Rome to the Pope and the Cardinal of Lorraine. Others cut off his hands."—Three Parts of Commentaries, &c., Book x. p. 14.

[370] "So the old ed.; and so indeed our early authors usually wrote the name:

Sylvester's Du Bartas's."—Dyce.

[371] Scene: a street.

[372] Scene: the entrance to Seroune's house.

[373] Old ed. "Sancta."

[374] Old ed. "he was."

[375] Old ed. "Rene."

[376] Old ed. "scoftes."

[377] Old ed. "actions."

[378] I have adopted Mitford's emendation. The reading of the old ed. is "Argumentum testimonis est in arte fetialis."

[379] Old ed. "Shekins."

[380] Grounds of proof,—in the scholastic sense of τὁποι, or loci. "Itaque licet definire, locum esse argumenti sedem."—Cicero, Top. ii. 3.

[381] Old ed. "thorbonest."

[382] " ... tandemque P. Ramum diu quaesitum vicariorum coryphaeus unus offendit, eique veniam frustra deprecanti vulnus in brachio infligit, et plurimis aliis ictibus postea confoditur.... E fenestra spiritum trahens praecipitatur in aream, pedibusque fune devinctis per urbis sordes devolvitur et capite a chirurgo quodam truncato cadaver in ... Sequanam flumen misere projicitur."—Theophilus Banosius' Vita Rami, prefixed to Commentarii de Religione Christiana (Francofurti, 1577).

[383] "'Carbonarius pater probri loco illi [sc. Ramo] objectus est.' Rami Vita per Freigium."—Dyce.

[384] Old ed. "Rene."

[385] The scene shifts to the King of Navarre's quarters in the Louvre.

[386] The young Prince of Condé, cousin to the King of Navarre.

[387] The stage-direction in old ed. is "Enter Guise."

[388] Scene: a room in the Louvre.

[389] Scene: near Paris.

[390] Old ed. "by the."

[391] Scene: a wood near Paris.

[392] Scene: a room in the Castle of Vincennes.

[393] Du-Plessis Mornay.

[394] Old ed. "there," which Dyce silently retains. The correction was made by Cunningham, who explains the passage thus:—"There are persons (you yourself and my Protestant subjects, for instance) from whom I have deserved a scourge, but their feelings would never lead them to poison their king; God grant that my dearest relations may prove to have been no worse than those who ought to be my enemies," &c.—"Scourge" must surely be the scourge of God. Navarre had said, "God will sure restore you:" to which the king answers, "I have deserved a scourge" from God. Before l. 10 a line or more referring to the massacre of the Protestants must have dropped out.

[395] Old ed. "Nauarre."

[396] Old ed. "seeme."

[397] Pampeluna.

[398] Scene: a hall in the Louvre.

[399] I should prefer to read:—

[400] Old ed. "as."

[401] Old ed. "lords."

[402] Scene: a room in the Duke of Guise's house.

[403] "The gallant of the Duchess was not Mugeroun (Maugiron), but Saint-Mégrin, another of the King's 'Mignons.' See Anquetil.—Hist. de France, t. v. 345, ed. 1817."— Dyce.

[404] Old ed. "wert."

[405] "I must leave the location of this scene to the reader. I should have marked it—La Rochelle, but that the Messenger presently informs the King that 'a mighty army comes from France.'"—Dyce.

[406] Hinder.

[407] Scene: an apartment in the Louvre.

[408] Old ed. "mor du."

[409] Old ed. "make."

[410] Scene: near Coutras.

[411] Scene: outside the Louvre.—In his Hist. of Eng. Dram. Poetry, iii. 134 (old ed.), Collier printed a portion (given below) of this scene from a fragment of a MS. copy. It will be seen that the printed text was much mutilated.

Souldier. Now, sir, to you that dares make a duke a cuckolde, and use a counterfeyt key to his privye chamber: though you take out none but your owne treasure, yett you put in that displeases him, and fill up his rome that he shold occupye. Herein, sir, you forestalle the markett, and sett up your standinge where you shold not. But you will saye you leave him rome enoghe besides: that's no answere; he's to have the choyce of his owne freeland; yf it be not too free, there's the questione. Nowe, for where he is your landlorde, you take upon you to be his, and will needs enter by defaulte: what though you were once in possession, yett comminge upon you once unawares, he frayde you out againe; therefore your entrye is mere intrusione: this is against the law, sir: and though I come not to keepe possessione (as I wolde I might!), yet I come to keepe you out, sir.

[412] "Mugeroun (Maugiron) fell in a duel: Anquetil, Hist. de France, t. v. 344, ed. 1817: but Saint-Mégrin, the gallant of the Duchess of Guise, was assassinated. 'Ils dressèrentu ne embuscade à la porte du Louvre. Comme Saint-Mégrin, en sortoit la nuit, des assassins apostés se jetèrent sur lui, et l'étendirent sur le pavé, percé de trente-cinq coups. Il vécut cependant jusqu au lendemain.' Anquetil, Ibid. p. 347." —Dyce.

[413] Pension, maintenance.

[414] Collier's correction for the old copy's "sexious."

[415] Quit, free.

[416] It cannot be determined where this scene takes place.

[417] Dyce reads "'A takes" (i.e. "He takes"); but the omission of a personal pronoun, where the sense is plain, occurs not unfrequently.

[418] Scene: a room in the royal palace at Blois.

[419] Cf. 2 Tamburlaine iv. 3:—"Mounted his shining chariot" (for "mounted in").

[420] Dyce conjectures that Guise must have seen himself in a mirror as he uttered these words.

[421] Set.

[422] Order.

[423] Scene: the interior of a prison at Blois.

[424] Scene: a room in Dumaine's house, at Paris.

[425] Old ed. "His life and all," &c.

[426] Scene: Saint-Cloud.

[427] Old ed. "Lucrecia walles."

[428] Old ed. "Jacobus."

[429] Old ed. "their."

[430] Dyce's correction for "incense ... to kiss the holy earth." He compares Edward II. (I. 4, ll. 100, 101):—

[431] The bracketed words were inserted by Dyce.

[432] Dyce's correction for the old copy's "for."

[433] Old ed. "aire."