Abancay, 32, 62, 64, 78, 92, 93, 181, 189, 221, 243;
suppressing a revolution, 89-91;
temperature curve (diagr.), opp. p. 180
Abancay basin, 154
Abancay to Camaná cross-section map, work, observation and statistics, 315
Abra Tocate, 73, 80, 81;
topography and vegetation from (ill.), opp. p. 19
Abra de Malaga, 276
Acosta, 205
Adams, G. I., 255
Agriculture, 74-76, 152
Aguardiente, 74. See Brandy
Alcohol, 5, 6
Alluvial fans, 60-63, 70, 270
Alluvial fill, 270-273;
view in Majes Valley (ill.), opp. p. 230
Alpacas, 5, 52
Alto de los Huesos (ill.), opp. p. 7
Amazon basin, Humboldt’s dream of conquest, 33-35;
Indian tribes, 36
Amazonia, 20, 26
Ancachs, 171
Andahuaylas, 89
Andrews, A, C., 295
Angulo, Philippi, 317
Anta, 187, 189, 190
Anta basin, 62, 108, 197;
geology, 250;
view looking north from hill near Anta (ill.), opp. p. 184
Antabamba, 52, 53, 95, 96, 99, 101, 189, 197, 243, 303, 316;
Governor, 95-99, 100-101;
Lieutenant Governor, 96-99, 101;
sketch section, 243
Antabamba Canyon, view across (ill.), opp. p. 106
Antabamba Quadrangle, 316, opp. p. 282 (topog. sheet)
Antabamba region, geologic sketch map and section, 245
Antabamba Valley, 96
“Antis,” 39
Aplao, 106, 115, 116, 181, 226, 231, 255, 256, 257, 273, 318;
composite structure section (diagr.), 259;
temperature curve (diagr.), 181
Aplao Quadrangle (topog. sheet), opp. p. 120
Appendix A, 315
Appendix B, 321
Appendix C, 324
Apurimac, 51, 57, 60, 94, 153, 154;
crossing at Pasaje (ills.), opp. p. 91;
regional diagram of canyoned country, 58
Apurimac Canyon, 189;
cloud belt (ill.), opp. p. 150
Arequipa, 52, 89, 92, 117, 120, 137, 284;
glacial features near (sketches), 280
Argentina, 93
Arica, 130, 132, 198
Arma, 67, 189, 212-214
Arrieros, Pampa de, 280
Asymmetrical peaks (ill.), opp. p. 281
Asymmetry, 305-313;
cross-section of ridge (diagr.), 306;
postglacial volcano (diagr.), 306
Auquibamba, 93
Avalanches, 290

Bailey, S. I., 284
Bandits, 95
Basins, 60, 154;
regional diagram, 61;
climatic cross-section (diagr.), 62
Batholith, Vilcapampa, 215-224
Belaunde brothers, 116
Bergschrunds, 294-305
Bingham, Hiram, ix, 104, 157
Block diagram of physiography of Andes, 186
Boatmen, Indian, 13
Bogotá, Cordillera of, 205
Bolivia, 93, 176, 190, 193, 195, 240, 241, 249, 322;
snowline, 275-277
Bolivian boundary, 68
Border valleys of the Eastern Andes, 68-87
Borneo, 206
Bowman, Isaiah, 8, 316
Brandy, 74, 75, 76, 82-83
Bravo, José, 245
Bumstead, A. H., ix

Cacao, 74, 83
Cacti, 150;
arboreal (ill.), opp. p. 90
Calchaquí Valley, 250
Callao, 118;
cloudiness (with diagr.), 133;
temperature (with diagr.), 126-129;
wind roses (diagrs.), 128
Camaná, 21, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118, 140-141, 147, 181, 225, 226, 227, 266, 318;
coastal Tertiary, 253, 254;
plain of, 229;
temperature curve (diagr.), 181
Camaná Quadrangle (topog. sheet), opp. p. 114
Camaná Valley, 257
Camaná-Vitor region, 117
Camino del Peñon, 110
Camisea, 36
Camp 13, 100, 180, 181;
temperature curve (diagr.), 180
Campas, 37
Canals for bringing water, 59, 60, 155;
projected, Maritime Cordillera (diagr.), 118
Cantas, 115, 116, 226, 253, 257, 273, 318
Canyon walls (ills.), opp. p. 218
Canyoned country, regional diagram, 58;
valley climates (diagr.), 59
Canyons, 60, 72, 73, 197, 219;
Majes River (ill.), opp. p. 230;
topographic conditions before formation of deep canyons in Maritime Cordillera (ill.), opp. p. 184
Caraveli, climate data, 134-136;
wind roses (diagrs.), 136
Carboniferous fossils, 323
Carboniferous strata, 241-247;
hypothetical distribution of land and sea (diagr.), 246
Cashibos, 37
Catacaos, 119
Cattle tracks (ill.), opp. p. 226
Caucho, 29
Caylloma, 164, 165
Caypi, 316
Central Ranges, asymmetrical peaks (ill.), opp. p. 281;
glacial features with lateral moraines (ill.), opp. p. 269;
glacial topography between Lambrama and Antabamba (ill.), opp. p. 280;
steep cirque walls (ill.), opp. p. 286
Cerro Azul, 118
Cerro de Tunari, 176
Chachani, 280, 284
Chanchamayo, 77
Character. See Human character
Chaupimayu Valley, 77
Chicha, 86
Chile, 130, 132, 193, 260
Chili River, 120
Chili Valley, opp. p. 7 (ill.), 117
Chimborazo, 281
Chinche, 271, 272
Chira River, depth diagram, 119, 120
Chirumbia, 12
Choclococha, Lake, 120
Chonta Campas, 37
Choqquequirau, 154
Choquetira, 66, 67, 211;
bowldery fill below, 269;
glacial features, 206-207
Choquetira Valley, moraine, (ill.), opp. p. 208
Chosica, 136, 137;
cloudiness (diagr.), 138
Chuño, 57
Chuntaguirus, 41
Chuquibamba, 54, 72, 107, 110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 273, 317-319;
sediments, 258
Chuquibambilla, 53, 189, 220, 221, 222, 236, 243;
alluvial fill (diagr.), 272;
Carboniferous, 244;
fossils, 323
Chuquito pass, crossing (ill.), opp. p. 7;
glacial trough  (ill.), opp. p. 205
Cirque walls, steep (ill.), opp. p. 286
Cirques, 294-305;
development (diagr.), 300;
development, further stages (diagr.), 301;
mode of formation (diagr.), 297
Clarke, J. M., 321
Clearing in forest (ill.), opp. p. 25
Climate, coast, 125-147;
eastern  border, 147-153;
Inter-Andean valleys, 153-155;
see also Meteorological records
Climatic belts, 121-122;
map, 123
Climatology, 121-156
Cliza, 276
Cloud-banners, 16
Cloud belt, 143, opp. p. 150 (ill.)
Cloudiness, 132;
Callao (with diagr.), 133;
desert station near Caraveli (diagrs.), 137;
Machu Picchu, 160;
Santa Lucia (diagr.), 169
Clouds, Inter-Andean Valley, 155;
Santa Ana (ill.), opp. p. 180;
Santa Lucia, 168;
types on eastern border of Andes (diagrs.), 148;
see also Fog
Coast Range, 111, 113, 114, 116, 118, 225-232;
climate, 122-147;
direction, 267;
diagram to show progressive lowering of saturation temperature in a desert, 127;
geology, 258;
view between Mollendo and Arequipa in June (ill.), opp. p. 226;
wet and dry seasons (diagrs.), 132
Coastal belt, map of irrigated and irrigable land, 113
Coastal desert, 110-120;
regional diagram of physical relations, 112;
see also Deserts
Coastal planter, 6
Coastal region, topographic and climatic provinces (diagr.), 125
Coastal terraces, 225-232
Coca, 74, 77, 82-83
Coca seed beds (ill.), opp. p. 74
Cochabamba, 93;
temperature (diagrs. of ranges), insert opp. p. 178;
weather data, 176-178
Cochabamba Indians, 276
Colombia, 205
Colorada, Pampa de, 114, 317
Colpani, 72, 215, 216, 222, 223;
from ice to sugar cane (ill.), opp. p. 3
Comanchian fossils, 323
Cómas, 155
Compañia Gomera de Mainique, 29, 31, 32
Concession plan, 29
Conibos, 44
Contador, 84-85
Copacavana, 176
Cordilleras, 4, 6, 20, 197
Coribeni, 15
Corn, 57, 59, 62
Coropuna, 109, 110, 112, 202, 253, 317, 319;
elevation, 317;
glaciation, 307;
snowline, 283-285
Coropuna expedition, 104
Coropuna Quadrangle, 197, opp. p. 188 (topog. sheet), 319
Corralpata, 51, 59
Cosos, 231
Cotabambas, 78
Cotahuasi, 4, 5, 52, 54, 60, 97, 101, 103, 104, 180, 197, 199, 316, 317;
alluvial fill, 272;
fossils, 322;
geologic sketch maps and cross-section, 247;
rug weaver (ill.), opp. p. 68;
snowline above, 282-283;
temperature curve (diagr.), 180;
view (ill.), opp. p. 57
Cotahuasi Canyon, 247, 248, 316
Cotahuasi Quadrangle (topog. sheet), opp. p. 192
Cotahuasi Valley, geology, 258
Cotton, 76, 116, 117
Crest lines, asymmetrical, 305-313
Cretaceous formations, 247-251
Cretaceous fossils, 323
Crucero Alto, 188
Cuzco, 8, 10, 21, 52, 62, 63, 92, 102, 107, 193, 197;
railroad to Santa Ana, 69-70;
snow, 276;
view (ill.), opp. p. 66
Cuzco basin, 61, 62, 154, 251;
slopes at outlet (diagr.), 185

Deformations. See Intrusions
Derby, Orville, 322
Desaguadero Valley, 193
Deserts, cloudiness (diagrs.), 137;
rain, 138-140;
sea-breeze in, 132;
tropical forest, 36-37;
wind roses (diagrs.), 136
Diagrams. See Regional diagrams
Dikes, 223
Drunkenness, 103, 105-106, 108
Dry valleys, 114-115
Dunes, 114, 254;
Majes Valley, 262-267;
movement, 132;
superimposed (diagrs.), 265
Duque, Señor, 78

Eastern Andes, 204-224;
regional diagram, 22
Eastern border, climate, 147-153
Eastern valley planter, 3
Eastern valleys, 68-87;
climate cross-section (diagr.), 79
Echarati, 10, 77, 78, 80, 82;
plantation scene (ill.), opp. p. 75
Ecuador volcanoes, 281
Epiphyte (ill.), opp. p. 78
Erdis, E. C., 158
Erosion, 192-195, 210, 211, 305;
see also Glacial erosion; Nivation
Erving, Dr. W. G., 13, 101, 316, 317

Faena Indians, 75, 83-87
Feasts and fairs, 175-176
Ferries, 147
Fig tree (ill.), opp. p. 75
Floods, 151
Fog, 132, 139, 143;
conditions along coast from Camaná to Mollendo, 144-145;
see also Clouds
Forest dweller, 1
Forest Indians. See Machigangas
Forests, clearing (ill.), opp. p. 25;
dense ground cover, trees, epiphytes, and parasites (ill.), opp. p. 155;
moss-draped trees (ill.), opp. p. 24;
mountain, 148-153;
mule trail (ill.), opp. p. 18;
tropical, near Pabellon (ill.), opp. p. 150;
tropical vegetation (ill.), opp. p. 18;
type at Sahuayaco (ill.), opp. p. 90
Fossils, 245, 321;
list of, by geologic periods and localities, 321
Frankland, 278, 309
Frost line, 56-57

Garua, 132
Geographical basis of revolutions and of human character, 88-109
Geologic dates, 195-196;