1 “Principles of Sociology,” i. 359.
2 “Primitive Culture,” ii. 221, 89.
3 “Golden Bough,” i. 39.
4 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 56, 40, 43, 283; Hislop, “Papers,” 10.
5 “Brihatsanhita,” Rajendra Lâla Mitra, “Indo-Aryans,” i. 245.
6 Campbell, “Notes,” 225.
7 Forlong, “Rivers of Life;” Westropp, “Primitive Symbolism.”
8 Groome, “Encyclopædia Britannica,” s.v. “Gypsies.”
9 “Calcutta Review,” xxvi. 512.
10 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 174; ii. 181, 592, 286.
11 Ibid., ii. 270.
12 “North Indian Notes and Queries,” iii. 123; Grimm, “Household Tales,” ii. 429.
13 Ibid., ii. 142.
14 Grimm, “Household Tales,” ii. 596.
15 Temple, “Wide-awake Stories,” 413.
16 Knowles, “Folk-tales,” 184; Grimm, loc. cit., ii. 428.
17 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 153; ii. 387, 460.
18 Dyer, “Popular Customs,” 467.
19 Führer, “Monumental Antiquities,” 304; “North Indian Notes and Queries,” i. 4, 37; “Bombay Gazetteer,” ii. 355.
20 “Golden Bough,” i. 61.
21 “North Indian Notes and Queries,” ii. 112.
22 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 129, 132, 141, 186, 188.
23 Hislop, “Papers,” 20.
24 “Berâr Gazetteer,” 29, 31.
25 Growse, “Mathura,” 70, 76 sqq., 83, 420, 470, 458.
26 “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” iii. 47.
27 Moorcroft, “Travels,” i. 211.
28 “North Indian Notes and Queries,” iii. 16.
29 Conway, “Demonology,” i. 315 sq.; Farrer, “Primitive Manners,” 309; Sir W. Scott, “Letters on Demonology,” 79; Gregor, “Folk-lore of North-East Scotland,” 116, 179; Henderson, “Folk-lore of the Northern Counties,” 278.
30 “Oudh Gazetteer,” i. 566; Führer, “Monumental Antiquities,” 304. See instances collected by Hartland, “Legend of Perseus,” ii. 35 sqq.
31 Henderson, loc. cit., 273.
32 Campbell, “Notes,” 221 sq.
33 “Calcutta Review,” lxix. 364 sq.
34 Campbell, “Notes,” 237.
35 Haug, “Aitareya Brâhmanam,” ii. 486 sq.
36 Cunningham, “Bhilsa Topes,” 24; “Archæological Reports,” i. 5 sq.; Ferguson, “Eastern Architecture,” 69; Führer, “Monumental Antiquities,” 127.
37 “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” ii. 783.
38 Campbell, “Notes,” 238.
39 Tod, “Annals,” i. 611.
40 See instances collected by Wake, “Serpent Worship,” 18.
41 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” ii. 293.
42 Ibbetson, “Panjâb Ethnography,” 118; “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” ii. 55; O’Brien, “Multâni Glossary,” 82.
43 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” ii. 74; Elliot, “Supplementary Glossary,” 26.
44 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 148, 281, 283; Rousselet, “India and its Native Princes,” 369 sq.
45 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 162.
46 Sleeman, “Rambles and Recollections,” ii. 18; Tylor, “Primitive Culture,” ii. 225.
47 “Quarterly Review,” cxiv. 226; “Folk-lore,” iii. 88.
48 Hunt, “Popular Romances,” 420.
49 Temple, “Legends of the Panjâb,” i. 473.
50 Campbell, “Notes,” 234.
51 Mullaly, “Notes on Madras Criminal Tribes,” 20.
52 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” iii. 38.
53 i. 287.
54 Ward, “Hindus,” ii. 13, quoted by Campbell, “Notes,” 229.
55 Lâl Bihâri Dê, “Folk-tales,” 280.
56 Campbell, loc. cit., 229.
57 “North Indian Notes and Queries,” i. 207.
58 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 189.
59 “Sirsa Settlement Report,” 154.
60 Wilson, “Works,” iii. 68.
61 Campbell, “Notes,” 248.
62 Rhys, “Lectures,” 359.
63 Kelly, “Curiosities,” 159; Conway, “Demonology,” i. 126; Gubernatis, “Zoological Mythology,” i. 225; Dyer, “Popular Customs,” 274; Brand, “Observations,” 616.
64 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 439.
65 Campbell, “Santâl Folk-tales,” 54.
66 Campbell, “Notes,” 239.
67 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 109, 220, 234.
68 Campbell, loc. cit., 232.
69 Ibbetson, “Panjâb Ethnography,” 119.
70 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” ii. 42; “North Indian Notes and Queries,” ii. 27.
71 “Eastern India,” iii. 555.
72 “North Indian Notes and Queries,” ii. 151 sq.
73 “Notes,” 461.
74 “Bombay Gazetteer,” vii. 61.
75 Risley, “Tribes and Castes,” ii. 201.
76 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 194.
77 Ibid., 319.
78 Atkinson, “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” ii. 912.
79 Wright, “History of Nepâl,” 33.
80 “Settlement Report,” 38.
81 “Archæological Reports,” x. 177.
82 “North Indian Notes and Queries,” i. 15.
83 “Settlement Report,” 167.
84 “Bombay Gazetteer,” iii. 221.
85 Oppert, “Original Inhabitants,” 73.
86 “Totemism,” 33 sqq.
87 Campbell, “Notes,” 250.
88 Manning, “Ancient India,” ii. 330 sq.; Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 185.
89 “Primitive Culture,” ii. 239.
90 Monier-Williams, “Brâhmanism and Hinduism,” 319 sqq.
91 Wheeler, “History of India,” i. 148; “Gazetteer Central Provinces,” lxiii.; lxxii.; Campbell, “Notes,” 269; Ferguson, “Tree and Serpent Worship,” Appendix D; Elliot, “Supplementary Glossary,” s.v. “Gaur Taga”; Tod, “Annals,” i. 38; Atkinson, “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” ii. 280 sqq., 297; Temple, “Legends of the Panjâb,” i. 414 sq.
92 Bhekal Nâg is perhaps the Sanskrit bheka, “frog.” It has been suggested that the gypsy Beng or Devil is connected with Bheka, and thus allied to serpent-worship (Groome, “Encyclopædia Britannica,” Art. “Gypsies”). Sir G. Cox (“Introduction,” 87, note) makes out Bheki, or “the squatting frog,” to be an old name for the sun. For the Himâlayan snake shrines see Atkinson, loc. cit., ii. 374 sq.
93 Oldham, “Contemporary Review,” April, 1885.
94 Oldfield, “Sketches,” ii. 204; Wright, “History,” 85.
95 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” ii. 173, 544.
96 “Calcutta Review,” li. 304 sq.; liv. 25 sq.; Ferguson, “Eastern Architecture,” 289; “Central Provinces Gazetteer,” 86.
97 Tawney, loc. cit. i. 577.
98 Ibid., i. 312; ii. 225.
99 “Archæological Reports,” vii. 4.
100 “Settlement Report,” 121.
101 Beal, “Travels of Fah Hian,” 67 sq.
102 “Archæological Reports,” i. 274.
103 Wright, “History of Nepâl,” 85, 141.
104 Henderson, “Folk-lore of the Northern Counties,” 289; “Gloucestershire Folk-lore,” 23.
105 Führer, “Monumental Antiquities,” 144.
106 Beal, loc. cit., 90.
107 “Eastern India,” ii. 149.
108 Growse, “Mathura,” 55, 58.
109 Ibid., 71.
110 “Reports,” xxi. 2, “Academy,” 23rd April, 1887.
111 Sherring, “Sacred City,” 75, 87 sqq.; Führer, “Monumental Antiquities,” 211. For weather snakes see Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 438.
112 “Brâhmanism and Hinduism,” 323.
113 Tawney, loc. cit., i. 32, 55, 538; ii. 568.
114 Gangadatta, “Folk-lore of Kumaun,” Introduction, vii.
115 Ibbetson, “Panjâb Ethnography,” 114; “Legends of the Panjâb,” i. 426.
116 “Principles of Sociology,” i. 345; Gubernatis, “Zoological Mythology,” ii. 407 sq.; Wake, “Serpent-worship,” 105; Tylor, “Primitive Culture,” ii. 240.
117 Leland, “Etruscan Roman Remains,” 132.
118 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” i. 2.
119 Tod, “Annals,” i. 777 sqq.
120 Clouston, “Popular Tales,” i. 127; Grimm, “Household Tales,” ii. 405; Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” ii. 454; Jacobs, “English Fairy Tales,” 207, 251.
121 Gubernatis, “Zoological Mythology,” ii. 407; Clouston, loc. cit., i. 126.
122 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” ii. 91.
123 Conway, “Demonology,” i. 353 sq.
124 Miss Frere, “Old Deccan Tales,” 33; Lâl Bihâri Dê, “Folk-tales,” 19.
125 “Oriental Memoirs,” ii. 19, 385.
126 Knowles, “Folk-tales,” 492.
127 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 182.
128 Tawney, loc. cit., ii. 99; Temple, “Legends of the Panjâb,” i. Introduction, xv.; “Wideawake Stories,” 193, 331.
129 Atkinson, “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” ii. 851.
130 Tod, “Annals,” i. 614; Wright, “History,” 37.
131 Rousselet, “India and its Native Princes,” 28.
132 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” iii. 75.
133 “Eastern India,” ii. 481.
134 Grierson, “Bihâr Peasant Life,” 405; “Maithili Chrestomathy,” 23 sqq., where examples of the songs are given; “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” iii. 38.
135 Atkinson, “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” ii. 836.
136 “Settlement Report,” 120 sq.
137 “Natural History,” xxxvii. 10.
138 “Gazetteer,” xi. 36.
139 “Popular Tales,” ii. 385.
140 Führer, “Monumental Antiquities,” 28.
141 Hardy, “Manual of Buddhism,” 146.
142 “Oudh Gazetteer,” i. 597.
143 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” i. 15.
144 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 564; ii. 315.
145 Temple, “Wideawake Stories,” 304, 424; “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” i. 15, 76.
146 Sleeman, “Rambles,” i. 42; Conway, “Demonology,” i. 354.
147 “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” iii. 92, 59.
148 “Remaines,” 39. He perhaps refers to Tavernier, “Travels,” Ball’s Edition), i. 42; ii. 249.
149 “Custom and Myth,” ii. 197.