[438] Arguello, fol. 27.

[439] Cabrera, Relaciones, Append. p. 571.

[440] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Libro 31, fol. 34.

[441] Libro XIII de Cartas (MSS. of Am. Philos. Society).

[442] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 1, n. 4. Under Rocaberti, in 1696, there is still another formula “El exmo señor inquisidor-general con consulta de los señores del consejo.”—Ibidem, fol. 194.

[443] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 136.—MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218b, p. 320.

[444] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 5442 (Lib. 10).—MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218b, p. 341.

[445] Bibl. nacional, MSS., Pp. 28, §§ 58-88.

[446] Tomás Sanchez, the supreme Spanish theologian, says “Licitum quoque est interrogare, non deprecative sed coactive, aliquam veritatem ad peculiariam Dei gloriam et astantium utilitatem quando adjurans prudenter judicaverit id expedire.... Ex levitate tamen et curiositate quadam res vanas et inutiles interrogare dæmonem in energumeno existentem est veniale propter actus imperfectionem.”—In Præcepta Decalogi Lib. II, cap. xlii, n. 24, 25.

The offence of Villanueva consisted in enquiring about the future and believing the responses of the demons. This was divination, which infers denial of free-will and is therefore forbidden as heretical. This is well defined in the Edict of Faith of 1696, which restricts the offence to enquiries as to the future—“O si sabeis ... que alguna ó algunas personas ayan preguntado en los cuerpos endemoniados ó los espiritados ó lunáticos cosas por venir ocultas, preguntandolas á los demonios.”

[447] S. Th. Aquinat. Summæ Sec. Sec. Q. XCV, Art. iv ad 1. “Aliud autem est inquirere aliquid a dæmone sponte occurrente; quod quandoque licet propter utilitatem aliorum, maxime quando divina virtute potest compelli ad vera dicenda.”

[448] MSS. Bibl. nacional de Lima, Protocolo 225, Expediente 5278.

[449] For most of the details of this case we are indebted to an anonymous memoir, evidently written by Folch de Cardona. It was largely circulated in MS. and finally was printed by Valladares, in 1788, under the title “Proceso criminal fulminado contra el Rmo P. M. Fray Froilan Díaz” and was followed by another volume of the same date “Criticos Documentos que sirven como de segunda parte al Proceso criminal etc.”

Consultas by Cardona, in the name of the Suprema, are in the Bibl. national MSS., G, 61; D, 118. A review of the case from the Roman standpoint is in the library of Trinity College, Dublin, Class 3, Vol. 27. The decree of Nov. 3, 1704, is also in Simancas, Inquisicion, Legajo 1465, fol. 74.

[450] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 1, n. 4, fol. 123, 134; Leg. 13, n. 2, fol. 13, 17, 54.

[451] MSS. Trinity College, Dublin, loc. cit.

[452] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. 5, fol. 137.

[453] Bibl. nacional, MSS., G, 61, fol. 208.

[454] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933, fol. 136.

[455] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 936.

[456] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 105.

[457] Ibidem, Lib. 1; Lib. 933.

[458] Ibidem, Lib. 78, fol. 114.

[459] Ibidem, Lib. 78, fol. 235, 275.

[460] MS. penes me.

[461] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 191; Lib. 98, fol. 144.

[462] Arguello, fol. 36.

[463] Archivo de Simancas, Visitas de Barcelona, Leg. 15, fol. 20.

[464] Ibidem, Libro 939, fol. 121.

[465] MSS. of Library of University of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.

[466] Proceso contra Mari Vaez (MS. penes me).

[467] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. VIII.

[468] Ibidem, Yc, 20, T. III.

[469] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Legajo 1157, fol. 153-55.

[470] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Libro 81, fol. 27.

[471] MSS. of the Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218b, p. 252.—Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 8, n. 2, fol. 533, 547, 553, 667; Leg. 9, n. 2. fol. 234; Leg. 12, n. 2, fol. 126; Leg. 11, n. 1, fol. 247, 278.—Archivo d Sala 39, Leg. 4, fol. 23.—Libro XIII de Cartas, fol. 266, 274-5 (MSS. of Am. Philos. Society).e Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 5442, Lib. 6, Lib. 10.—Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion,

[472] MSS. of the Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218b, p. 185

[473] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 17, n. 3, fol. 18.—Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 559.

[474] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 240, fol. 340.

[475] Ibidem, Leg. 522.

[476] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 10, n. 2, fol. 34.

[477] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 52.

[478] Vol. I, Appendix, p. 580.

[479] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 105.

[480] Ibidem, fol. 89.

[481] Ibidem, fol. 105.—MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218b, p. 242.

[482] Instrucciones Nuevas, § 5 (Arguello, fol. 28).

[483] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, loc. cit.

[484] Bibl. nacional, MSS., Pp. 28.

[485] Bibl. nacional, MSS., Mm, 130.

[486] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Libro 890.

[487] Ibidem.

[488] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552.

[489] Proceso contra Margarita Altamira, fol. 198-99 (MSS. of Am. Philos. Society).

[490] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Libro 890.

[491] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. I de copias, fol. 219.

[492] Archivo de Simancas, Gracia y Justicia, Inquisicion, Lib. 621, fol. 165.

[493] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 5, fol. 24.

[494] Ibidem, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 99.

[495] Ibidem, Lib. 77, fol. 354.

[496] Ibidem, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 105.

[497] Archivo de Alcalá, Estado, Leg. 3137.

[498] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 79, fol. 173.

[499] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 135.

[500] Ibidem, Lib. 3, fol. 225, 313.

[501] Ibidem, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 227; Visitas de Barcelona, Leg. 15, fol. 20.

[502] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218b, p. 212.

[503] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 9, n. 1, fol. 7, 8, 9, 13, 19, 276, 277, 278; n. 3, fol. 142, 253, 259, 320, 323, 324, 332; Leg. 17, n. 10, fol. 47, 81, 99.—Libro XIII de Cartas, fol. 11 (MSS. of Am. Philos. Soc.).

[504] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 132.—Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 5, n. 2, fol. 165, 166.

[505] Libro XIII de Cartas, fol. 84, 89, 114 (MSS. of Am. Philos. Society).

[506] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib 890; Lib. 4352.

[507] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 5, fol. 15, 21.

[508] Ibidem, Lib. 3, fol. 397, 446; Lib. 940, fol. 84; Lib. 5, fol. 6, 16, 21. Cf. Lib. 9, fol. 27, 66, 192.

For the settlement in 1502, see Lib. 2, fol. 35.

[509] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 73, fol. 106, 107.

[510] Ibidem, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 107, 110, 113, 114, 115, 118, 137, 139, etc.—Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Lib. VII de Autos, Leg. 2, fol. 327; Ibidem, Leg. 10, n. 2, fol. 164.

[511] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 184.

[512] Ibidem, fol. 124, 226; Lib. 940, fol. 41, 43, 184.

[513] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 9, n. 2, fol. 177, 238; Leg. 14, n. 2, fol. 41.

[514] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 940, fol. 43, 44.

[515] Ibidem, Lib. 559.

[516] Ibidem, Lib. 9, fol. 8.

[517] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 78, fol. 192; Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 169, 239.

As a contribution to the life of one to whom all Spanish students owe a debt of gratitude, I print Zurita’s petition in the Appendix. He was probably well paid for his services; in 1542 there is an order on the receiver of Aragon to pay him an ayuda de costa, or gratuity, of 600 ducats (Ibidem, Lib. 940, fol. 42).

There was a secretary of the Suprema, in 1519, named Gerónimo Zurita—probably an uncle of the historian (Arch. hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 371).

[518] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 5, fol. 6, 16, 21.

[519] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 150, p. 224.

[520] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 30, fol. 647, 653.

[521] Archivo de Simancas, Lib. 940, fol. 205.

[522] Ibidem, Lib. 31, fol. 637.—These royal perquisites were quietly left unpaid until, in 1640, Philip in his distress suddenly remembered them and ordered the receiver to render a statement of the amount due to him, until the settlement of which no other payments were to be made. To this the Suprema replied that orders had been given for its immediate settlement. This was more easily said than done, for three months later it represented that it had responded liberally to his demands; it had paid 35,000 reales of the arrearages and hoped to increase the amount to 40,000 and begged to be forgiven the balance, but the king was obdurate.—Ibidem, Lib. 21, fol. 223, 231. The crown continued to share in these perquisites. In 1670, an order for paying luminarias on the accession of Clement IX, is headed by Carlos II for the amount of 114,240 mrs.—Ibidem, Leg. 1476, fol. 7.

[523] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 1480, fol. 1.

[524] Ibidem, Lib. 21, fol. 252.

[525] Ibidem, Leg. 1480, fol. 1, 10, 16.

[526] Ibidem, Leg. 1476, fol. 7.

[527] Ibidem, Leg. 1475, fol. 1, 2, 4, 19.

[528] Ibidem, Leg. 1477, fol. 154.

[529] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 1477, fol. 45.

[530] The vellon payments were 1940 reales for erecting the staging and 100 for stretching the awning. The items in silver were

For the companies of players516reales.
      the authors of the autos500
      the keepers of the wardrobe16
      the dancers48
      three coaches for the players24
      Juan Rana32
      three alguaziles32
Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 1475, fol. 52.

In 1665, to reduce expenses, Philip IV ordered that these autos should not be performed separately before each royal council, but collectively before them all in the plaza.—Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 5442 (Lib. 10).

[531] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 1477, fol. 95, 100.
The items of the account are:—

 Rs.Mrs.
95 lbs. Genoese sweetmeats @ 10½ Rs. vellon1008
32 Talavera dishes @ 5 cuartos1828
  4 Baskets @ 7½ Rs.30
  6 Trays @ 212
  4 Padlocks for the baskets @ 2½10
32 Glasses @ 9 cuartos3330
  6 Venetian glasses for the members of the Council34
  2 Talavera plates10
  4 Double urinals with their covers @ 3 Rs.12
30 lbs. of ordinary sweetmeats and biscuits for the attendants @ 5 Rs.150
Porters to carry the sweetmeats to the houses of the officials and the utensils to Buen Retiro15
     Beverages:—
20 Azumbres (about 10 gallons) of lemonadeRs.Mrs.
      10 lbs. of loaf sugar @3 Rs.30
      Lemons6
      1 oz. of scented lozenges4
20 Azumbres of cinnamon water
      15 lbs. of sugar45
      ½ lb. of cinnamon20
      Charcoal to boil it5
      1 oz. of scented lozenges4
20 Azumbres of cherry water
      15 lbs. of sugar45
      18 lbs. of cherries @ 6 cuartos13
      1 oz. of scented lozenges4
10 Arrobas (250 lbs.) of snow for all the beverages @ 9 Rs.90
  1     “  sent from Retiro to keep the jars from melting9
Rent of 14 garrafas (jars with ice-pails) @ 3½ Rs.49
      Cost of one of them broken12
Rent of 3 small ones for the Council3
3 pecks of salt to freeze the beverages @ 22 cuartos1017
2 porters for the snow and cooling-jars10
8 do. to take them to Retiro and return24
Labor of the official who renders the account50
 ————433    17
Ornamenting and furnishing the staging300
 20677

Apparently the utensils were a perquisite of the attendants as they seem to be furnished anew on each occasion.

[532] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 1477, fol. 106.

[533] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 122 (Modo de procesar, fol. 10-12); Ibidem, D, 150, fol. 1.—Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 5442 (Lib. 9).

[534] J. T. Medina, La Inquisicion en Cartagena, p. 266 (Santiago de Chile, 1899).

[535] MSS. of Bibl. nacional de Lima, Protocolo 225, Expediente 5278.

[536] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 31, fol. 637.

[537] Ibidem, Lib. 21, fol. 231.—Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 150, p. 224.

[538] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 240, fol. 360; Lib. 559.—MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218b, p. 180.—Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Cartas del Consejo, Leg. 16, n. 9, fol. 7.

[539] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 5442 (Libro 10). This statement shows

 Reales.Mrs.
Salaries of Suprema337,27428
The three larger propinas157,290
The five smaller do.73,83632
Tablados (bull-fights)21,000
Houses for officials65,156
Nine luminaries50,6185
Salaries of Madrid tribunal24,25812
Maintenance of poor prisoners (estimated)3,000
Sundry expenses of Suprema30,000
Ayudas de costa and gratuities8,000
To assist tribunal of Toledo and others50,000
Taxes and incumbrances on property17,500
 837,9349

[540] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1286, fol. 20; Leg. 1478, fol. 1-41, 61-87.

[541] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 16, n. 9, fol. 20; Leg. 17, n. 4, fol. 7; Leg. 4, n. 3, fol. 173-258.

[542] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 5442 (Lib. 10).

[543] Llorente, Añales, I. 282.

[544] Archivo gen. de la C. de Aragon, Registro 3684, fol. 68.

[545] Such details as I have met with in regard to the establishment and discontinuance of the various tribunals will be found in the Appendix to Vol. I.

[546] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 1.

[547] Ibidem.

[548] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 3, fol. 447; Lib. 4, fol. 6; Lib. 5, fol. 19; Lib. 9, fol. 65.

[549] Ibidem, Lib. 3, fol. 395, 447.

[550] Ibidem, Lib. 3, fol. 216, 454, 455; Lib. 9, fol. 23, 34.

[551] Ibidem, Leg. 1465, fol. 105.

[552] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933; Lib. 75, fol. 25.

[553] Ibidem, Legajo 787; Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 220.—Lib. XIII de Cartas (MSS. of Am. Philos. Society).

[554] Cabrera, Relaciones, p. 489.

[555] Modo de Proceder, fol. 46 (Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 122).

[556] Vol. I, Appendix, p. 572. Cf. Arguello, fol. 21.

[557] Archivo gen. de la C. de Aragon, Regist. 3684, fol. 87, 92, 95.

[558] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 1.

[559] Vol. I, Appendix, p. 568.

[560] Archivo gen. de la C. de Aragon, Regist. 3684, fol. 92, 94.

[561] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Cartas de los Reyes Católicos, Leg. 2.

[562] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 3, fol. 408.

[563] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, p. 102.

[564] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 9, n. 3, fol. 123, 166, 215, 240, 271; Leg. 10, n. 2, fol. 29, 30, 33, 76.

[565] MSS. of Library of University of Halle, Yc, 20, Tom. 17.—Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 33, fol. 846, 847, 851; Lib. 35, fol. 509, 567.

[566] Fueros y Actos de Corte, pp. 10-11 (Zaragoza, 1647).

[567] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 67, fol. 155.

[568] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 273.

[569] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 35, fol. 106.

[570] Ibidem, Leg. 1465, fol. 23.

[571] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 9, p. 1, fol. 530, 533, 539, 547, 558, 560, 568; n. 2, fol. 210.—Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion de Corte, Leg. 359, fol. 3; Ibidem, Inquisicion, Lib. 21, fol. 162, 317.