[Footnotes]

[1] History of Rome, Mommsen, Dickson’s trans., i. 288, 290.
[2] History of Rome, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., i. 576. Niebuhr has been followed in the text, although the “nexum” is one of the vexed points of Roman law. (See Über das altrömische Schuldrecht, Savigny.) The precise form of the contract is, however, perhaps, not very important for the matter in hand, as most scholars seem agreed that it resembled a mortgage, the breach of whose condition involved not only the loss of the pledge, but the personal liberty of the debtor. See Gaius, iv. 21.
[3] History of Rome, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., ii. 599. But compare Aulus Gellius, xx. 1.
[4] Ibid., i. 582.
[5] History of Rome, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., i. 583.
[6] History of Rome, Mommsen, Dickson’s trans., i. 472.
[7] Livy, xlv. 18.
[8] History of Rome, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., i. 583.
[9] Ibid., ii. 603.
[10] History of Rome, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., i. 574.
[11] Preface to Virginia.
[12] History of Rome, Mommsen, Dickson’s trans., i. 484.
[13] See History of Rome, Mommsen, Dickson’s trans., i. 298–9.
[14] See History of Rome, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., iii. 22, 30.
[15] Preface to Virginia, Macaulay.
[16] Histoire de l’Esclavage, Wallon, ii. 38.
[17] Suet. Aug., ii. 41.
[18] Tacitus, Ann., ii. 48.
[19] Ann., vi. 39.
[20] Ibid., iv. 21.
[21] Sat., iii. 164.
[22] L’Invasion Germanique, Fustel de Coulanges, 146–157.
[23] Diod. xxxiv. 38. On the subject of the Sicilian slavery, see Histoire de l’Esclavage, Wallon, ii. 300 et seq.
[24] Polybius, ii. 15, Shuckburgh’s trans.
[25] Provinces of the Roman Empire, Mommsen, ii. 233.
[26] Ibid., ii. 239.
[27] Deipnosophists, v. 37.
[28] Martial, Ep., xii. 76.
[29] Vopiscus, Aurelianus, 35.
[30] L’Invasion Germanique, Fustel de Coulanges, 190.
[31] Le Colonat Romain: Recherches sur quelques Problèmes d’Histoire, Fustel de Coulanges, 143.
[32] Organisation Financière chez les Romains, Marquardt, 65 et seq.
[33] Tacitus, Ann., Murphy’s trans., iii. 53.
[34] Nat. Hist., xii. 18.
[35] Vopiscus, Saturninus, 8.
[36] Provinces of the Roman Empire, Mommsen, ii. 140.
[37] Ann., vi. 16, 17.
[38] See Geschichte des Römischen Münzwesens, Mommsen, 756.
[39] Monnaies Byzantines, Sabatier, i. 51, 52.
[40] Monnaies Byzantines, Sabatier, i. 50.
[41] Geschichte des Römischen Münzwesens, Mommsen, 837.
[42] Monnaies Byzantines, Sabatier, i. 51, 52.
[43] Pliny’s Letters, iii. 19.
[44] Ibid., ix. 37.
[45] Digest, xix. 2, 15, and xxxiii. 7, 20.
[46] Letters, x. 24. On this whole subject see Le Colonat Romain: Recherches sur quelques Problèmes d’Histoire, Fustel de Coulanges, ch. i.
[47] Code of Justinian, xi. 51, 1.
[48] Le Colonat Romain, Fustel de Coulanges, 21.
[49] Organisation Financière chez les Romains, Marquardt, 240; Les Manieurs d’Argent à Rome, Deloume, 377.
[50] See Decline and Fall, ch. xvii.
[51] In C. Verrem, IV. lxxxix.
[52] Cicero’s Letters, Ad Att. vi. 2; also Ad Att. v. 21, and vi. 1.
[53] Diod. xxxvi. 3. See also Histoire de l’Esclavage, Wallon, ii. 42, 44.
[54] Satire, viii. 89, 90.
[55] Letters, viii. 24.
[56] Dio Cassius, lxii. 2.
[57] Nat. Hist., xiv., Proœmium.
[58] Decline and Fall, ch. xvii.
[59] Morals, Trans. of 1718, 4, 11.
[60] Histoire de l’Esclavage, iii. 268.
[61] Decline and Fall, ch. xii.
[62] L’Invasion Germanique, 200, 204, 223.
[63] Dio Cassius, lvi. 7.
[64] Dio Cassius, lvi. 5–8.
[65] Ann., iii. 25.
[66] Ibid., xxviii. Latin literature is full of references to these famous laws. Tacitus, Pliny, Juvenal, and Martial constantly speak of them. There were also many commentaries on them by Roman jurists.
[67] L’Organisation Militaire chez les Romains, Marquardt, 143.
[68] Dio Cassius, lxxiv. 2.
[69] Monnaies Byzantines, Sabatier, i. 50.
[70] History of the Byzantine Empire, Finlay, 9.
[71] Vopiscus, Tacitus, 10.
[72] Greece under the Romans, George Finlay, 214.
[73] Byzantine Empire, Finlay, 256.
[74] Byzantine Architecture, Texier, 24.
[75] Decline and Fall, ch. lii.
[76] Itinerary of Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, trans. from the Hebrew by Asher, 54.
[77] Monnaies Byzantines, i. 26.
[78] See treaty with Bohemund. Anna Comnena, xiii. 7.
[79] L’Art Byzantin, Bayet, 16, 17.
[80] Theb., iii. 661.
[81] Decline and Fall, ch. xx.
[82] Mark v. 28, 30.
[83] Chronicles, ii. 124.
[84] Anglican Schism, Sander, trans. by Lewis, 143.
[85] A Relation, or rather a True Account of the Island of England, Camden Soc. 30.
[86] Cal. x. No. 364. References to the calendar of State papers edited by Messrs. Brewer and Gairdner will be made by this word only.
[87] Histoire du Sacrament de l’Eucharistie, Corblet, i. 474. See also on this subject Cæsarii Dialogus Miraculorum; De Corpore Christi.
[88] Hist. Lit. de la France, xxii. 119.
[89] Les Moines d’Occident, Montalembert, vi. 34.
[90] Histoire de la Grande-Sauve, ii. 13.
[91] Monasticon, v. 628, Ed. 1846.
[92] Les Moines d’Occident, Montalembert, vi. 101.
[93] Sacerdotal Celibacy, Lea, 129.
[94] Annales Lauressenses, Perz, i. 188.
[95] Recueil des Chartes de l’Abbaye de Cluny, Bruel, i. 124.
[96] Bull. Clun., p. 2, col. 1. Also Manuel des Institutions Françaises, Luchaire, 93, 95, where the authorities are collected.
[97] Annales Ecclesiastici, Baronius, year 1076.
[98] Migne, cxlviii. 790.
[99] Decline and Fall, ch. lx.
[100] Dictionnaire de l’Architecture, v. 50.
[101] Annales Ecclesiastici, Baronius, year 1095.
[102] Les Familles d’Outre-Mer, ed. Rey, 3.
[103] Dictionnaire de l’Architecture, viii. 108.
[104] L’Art Arabe, 111 et seq.
[105] L’Art Arabe, 203.
[106] Mélanges, 458.
[107] See Dictionnaire de l’Architecture, Viollet-le-Duc, vi. 446.
[108] See Les Églises de la Terre Sainte, Vogüé, 217; Notre Dame de Noyon; Études sur l’Histoire de l’Art, Vitet, ii. 122; Dictionnaire de L’Architecture, Viollet-le-Duc, ii. 301.
[109] Hist. des Croisades, xii. 7.
[110] See, on the Syrian castles, Étude sur les Monuments de l’Architecture Militaire des Croisés en Syrie, Rey.
[111] Letter 363, ed. 1877, Paris.
[112] Sancti Bernardi, Vita et Res Gestae, Auctore Guillelmo, 1–3.
[113] Secunda Vita S. Bernardi Auctore Alano, vi.
[114] Exordium Magnum Cisterciense, viii.
[115] Nos. 363 and 423, ed. of 1877, Paris.
[116] Letter 363.
[117] De Vita S. Bernardi, Auctore Gaufrido, iv. 5.
[118] Letter 256, ed. of 1877, Paris.
[119] Hist. des Croisades, xvi. 25.
[120] Hist. des Croisades, xvi. 27.
[121] De Consideratione, ii. 1.
[122] Willam of Tyre, xvi. 11, 12.
[123] Les Familles d’Outre-Mer, Du Cange, 405.
[124] Histoire de la Commerce de la France, 132.
[125] Histoire du Commerce du Levant, Heyd, French trans., i. 163.
[126] Histoire du Levant, Heyd, French trans., i. 95.
[127] See, on this question of cheaper money in the Carlovingian period, Nouveau Manuel de Numismatique, Blanchet, i. 101; also Histoire du Commerce de la France, Pigeonneau, 87 et seq.
[128] Le Monete di Venezia, Papadopoli, 73.
[129] Ville-Hardouin, ed. Wailly, xiv. 65.
[130] Ibid.
[131] Historiens de la France, xix. 23.
[132] Patrologiæ Cursus Completus, Migne, ccxiv. 1180.
[133] Historiens de la France, xix. 421.
[134] Chronique, ed. Buchon, 44.
[135] Ville-Hardouin, ed. Buchon, 51.
[136] Chronique de Ville-Hardouin, ed. Buchon, 69.
[137] Chronique, ed. Wailly, xxxvii. 178.
[138] Chronique, ed. Wailly, lii. 239.
[139] Chronique, ed. Buchon, 96.
[140] Chronique, ed. Buchon, 99.
[141] Patrologiæ Cursus Completus, Migne, ccxv. 454.
[142] Migne, ccxv. 712.
[143] Historia Captæ a Latinis Constantinopoleos, Migne, ccxii. 19.
[144] Bibl. de l’École des Chartes, 3d series, ii. 353.
[145] Histoire del’Abbaye de Saint Denis, D’Ayzac, i. 361–9.
[146] Vie de Louis le Gros, Suger, ed. Molinier, 61, 62.
[147] Vie de Louis le Gros, Suger, ed. Molinier, 70.
[148] Ibid., 18.
[149] Suger, ed. Molinier, 18.
[150] Ibid.
[151] Études sur les origines de la commune de Saint Quentin, Giry, 9.
[152] See Études sur les Faires de Champagne, Bourquelot, 72, 74; and generally on this subject.
[153] Les Communes Françaises, Luchaire, 221–225.
[154] Les Communes Françaises, Luchaire, 85.
[155] Les Communes Françaises, Luchaire, 233–234.
[156] Les Communes Françaises, Luchaire, 260.
[157] Documents sur les Relations de la Royauté avec les Villes de France, Giry, 59, 61.
[158] Les Communes Françaises, Luchaire, 189.
[159] Manuel des Institutions Françaises, Luchaire, 535.
[160] Les Communes Françaises, Luchaire, 283.
[161] Mémoires du Duc de Saint-Simon, ed. 1874, xii. 19.
[162] Le Commerce de Marseille au Moyen Age, Blancard, 3.
[163] La Libertà delle Banche a Venezia, Lattes, 26.
[164] Les Grandes Compagnies de Commerce, Bonnassieux, 23.
[165] La Rapport entre l’or et l’argent au Temps de Saint Louis, Marchéville, 22, 33.
[166] Ibid., 42.
[167] Les Communes Françaises, 200, 201.
[168] The documents relating to the controversy are printed in the Histoire du Differend, Dupuy.
[169] Dupuy, 48.
[170] Ibid., 44.
[171] See letters of Beauvais and Laon, of 1303, Documents, Giry, 160.
[172] Dupuy, 55.
[173] Dupuy, 351. Articles presented June, 1303.
[174] See Cronica di Villani, viii. 63.
[175] Cronica di Villani, viii. 80. Also Ann. Eccl., Baronius, year 1305.
[176] Documents Inédits sur l’Histoire de France, Procès des Templiers, Michelet, i. 166.
[177] Procès des Templiers, Michelet, i. 37.
[178] Ibid., 264.
[179] Ibid., 75.
[180] Cronica di Villani, viii. 92.
[181] Continuatio Chronici Guilelmi de Nangiaco, mcccxiii.
[182] La Maison du Temple, Curzon, 200, 204.
[183] A History of Agriculture and Prices, J. E. Thorold Rogers, iv. 72.
[184] On Justification, Works, i. 60.
[185] On Justification, Works, i. 51.
[186] Institutes, I. vii. 1 and 5.
[187] Zwinglis Theologie, August Baur, 319, 320.
[188] Institutes, IV. viii. 9.
[189] John Wicliffe and his English Precursors, Lechler, Eng. trans., 302.
[190] Lechler, 349, note 1.
[191] Lechler, 348, note. Extract from De Eucharistia.
[192] Acts and Monuments, iii. 204, 205.
[193] The Praise of Folie, 1541. Englished by Sir Thomas Challoner.
[194] Parl. Hist., Cobbett, i. 295.
[195] Ibid., 310.
[196] A Supplicacyon for Beggers, 2. Early Eng. Text Soc.
[197] Acts and Monuments, v. 404.
[198] Ibid., iii. 218.
[199] Acts and Monuments, iv. 196.
[200] Agriculture and Prices, iv. 18.
[201] Reformation of the Church of England, Blunt, ii. 222.
[202] Acts and Monuments, iv. 706.
[203] Industrial and Commercial History of England, Rogers, 48.
[204] Agriculture and Prices, iv. 715.
[205] Agriculture and Prices, iv. 454.
[206] Ibid., iv. 200. For the average prices of grain see tables in vol. i. 245, and iv. 292.
[207] Agriculture and Prices, iv. 734.
[208] Chapuys to Granville, Cal. ix. No. 862. The State Papers edited by Messrs. Brewer and Gairdner are referred to by the word “Cal.”
[209] Acts and Monuments, v. 365.
[210] State Papers, ii. 552.
[211] Chronicles, 1, clxvii.
[212] Chapuys to Perrenot, Cal. x. No. 901.
[213] See Anne Boleyn, Friedmann, i. 43, and elsewhere.
[214] Cal. x. No. 908.
[215] Burleigh and his Times, Essays.
[216] Cal. vii. No. 296.
[217] Ibid., xi. No. 576, Chapuys to Charles.
[218] Ibid., xi. No. 576.
[219] Ibid., xi. No. 864.
[220] Cal. xi. No. 1045.
[221] Cal. xi. No. 729.
[222] Ibid., xi. No. 826.
[223] Ibid., xii. pt. i. No. 698.
[224] Cal. xii. pt. i. No. 976.
[225] Marillac au Connétable, Kaulek, 211.
[226] Acts and Monuments, v. 180.
[227] Cal. viii. No. 726.
[228] Sander, Lewis’ trans., 119.
[229] State Papers, i. 538.
[230] Cal. xii. pt. i. No. 498.
[231] Kaulek, 193, 194.
[232] Ibid., 82.
[233] Cal. x. No. 909.
[234] Kaulek, 274; Sander, Lewis, 162, and note 2.
[235] Kaulek, 50.
[236] Lettres de Henri VIII à Anne Boleyn, Crapelet, Lettre 3.
[237] Kaulek, 199.
[238] Acts and Monuments, v. 229.
[239] History of England, chap. 1.
[240] Rise and Growth of the Anglican Schism, Sander, trans. by Lewis, 161.
[241] Chapuys to Charles, Cal. vi. No. 1510, date Dec., 1533.
[242] The Homilies, Corrie, 49.
[243] The Homilies, Corrie, 56, 58.
[244] 31 Henry VIII., c. 14.
[245] Acts and Monuments, v. 368, 369.
[246] Cal. x. pref. xliii.
[247] See citations to the original authorities in Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries, Gasquet, i. 454, and note.
[248] Cal. ix. No. 622. In the Calendar the letter is condensed. The extract is given in full in Gasquet, i. 261, 262.
[249] Ibid., No. 630. In full in Gasquet, i. 263.
[250] Ibid., No. 630.
[251] Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries, i. 439.
[252] Cal. ix. No. 42.
[253] Cal. x. pref. xlv. note.
[254] Ibid., ix. No. 1005.
[255] Ibid., ix. No. 1005.
[256] Cal. x. No. 364.
[257] Ibid., No. 1191.
[258] Ibid., No. 364.
[259] Ibid., No. 1191.
[260] Rites of Durham, Surtees Soc., 86.
[261] Wright, 260.
[262] Ellis, 1st Series, ii. 99.
[263] Wright, 261, 262.
[264] Ellis, 1st Series, ii. 99.
[265] Agriculture and Prices, iv. 64.
[266] 6 Henry VIII., c. 5; 7 Henry VIII., c. 1.
[267] Jewel of Joy, Becon. Also England in the Reign of Henry VIII., Early Eng. Text Soc., Extra Ser., No. xxxii. p. 75.
[268] First Sermon before Edward VI. Sermons of Bishop Latimer, ed. of Parker Soc., 100, 101.
[269] 22 Henry VIII., c. 12.
[270] 27 Henry VIII., c. 25.
[271] 1 Edward VI., c. 3.
[272] Brit. Mus., Cole MS. xii. 41. Cited in Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries, Gasquet, ii. 514, note.
[273] Eccl. Mem., ii. pt. 1, 260.
[274] Sermon on Rebellion, Cranmer, Miscellaneous Writings and Letters, 194–6.
[275] Sermon on Rebellion, Cranmer, Miscellaneous Writings and Letters, 195, 196.
[276] Cal. ix. No. 193.
[277] Eccl. Mem., ii. pt. 1, 152.
[278] 5 and 6 Edw. VI., c. 2.
[279] Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches, Carlyle, Speech XI.
[280] Raleigh to Burleigh, Life of Sir Walter Raleigh, Edwards, ii. 76, letter xxxiv.
[281] The Reformation of the Church of England, ii. 68.
[282] History of England, v. 432.
[283] Gorham’s Reformation Gleanings, 61.
[284] Ridley’s disputation at Oxford in 1554, Acts and Monuments, vi. 474.
[285] A Godly Letter to the Faithful, Works, iii. 176.
[286] Ibid., 177.
[287] A Faithful Admonition, Works, iii. 283.
[288] Ibid., iii. 281, 282.
[289] On True Obedience, Heywood’s ed., 73.
[290] The Institution of a Christian Man, Preface, Formularies of Faith of Henry VIII., Lloyd, 26.
[291] See Burnet’s History of the Reformation, Records, part I. book iii. quest. 9.
[292] S. P. Dom. Eliz. vol. 176, No. 69.
[293] Zurich Letters, 1st Series, 287.
[294] Towchinge the bill and the booke exhibited in the Parliament 1586 for a further reformation of the Churche, S. P. Dom. Eliz. 199, No. 1.
[295] History of the Non-jurors, Lathbury, 50.
[296] See History of the Reformation, Burnet, Pocock’s ed. Records, part I. book iii. quest 9.
[297] History of England, ch. 1.
[298] History of England, ch. iii.
[299] Ibid., ch. vi.
[300] History of England, ch. xiv.
[301] Queen’s conference upon Graunt of a Subsedy, etc., 1584. State Papers, Dom. Eliz., 176, No. 69.
[302] History of England, ch. iii.
[303] Cal. x., No. 570.
[304] Ambassades, v. 150. Quotation from History of the Church of England, Dixon, iv. 450.
[305] Pretended Divorce of Henry VIII., Harpsfield, Camden Society, 291.
[306] Burnet’s History of the Reformation, Pocock’s ed., i. 428.
[307] Ibid., iii. 376.
[308] Blunt’s Reformation, i. 475.
[309] Anglican Schism, Sander, Lewis’ trans., 181. Also Pretended Divorce of Henry VIII., Harpsfield, 290.
[310] Acts and Monuments, v. 230.
[311] Agriculture and Prices, Rogers, v. 804.
[312] History of England, viii. 425.
[313] Influence of the Sea Power upon History, Mahan, 41.
[314] English Seamen of the Sixteenth Century, 6.
[315] Anderson’s History of Commerce, i. 400.
[316] S. P. Dom. Eliz., 53.
[317] Wealth of Nations, book 4, ch. i.
[318] Discourse of Trade, Child, ed. 1775, 8.
[319] History of England, ch. iii.
[320] Discourse of Trade, Josiah Child, ed. 1775, 8, 9, 10.
[321] Ibid., Pref. xxxi.
[322] Ibid., 41.
[323] American Biography, Sparks, ii. 388.
[324] Wealth of Nations, bk. iv. c. 3, pt. 1.
[325] Thurloe’s State Papers, v. 433, 434.
[326] Annals of the Coinage of Britain, Ruding, iii. 378.
[327] Annals of the Coinage, Ruding, iii. 470.
[328] Investigations in Currency and Finance, Jevons, 140.
[329] Annals of the Coinage, Ruding, iv. 26.
[330] Wealth of Nations, bk. iv. c. 1.
[331] Wealth of Nations, bk. ii. c. 2.
[332] Lord Clive.
[333] Macaulay’s essays have been the subject of much recent adverse criticism; but, in regard to the plundering of Hindostan, nothing of consequence has been brought forward against him. All recent historical work relating to India must be taken with suspicion. The whole official influence has been turned to distorting evidence in order to make a case for the government.
[334] Lord Clive.
[335] Lord Clive.
[336] Warren Hastings.
[337] History of the Cotton Manufacture, 115.
[338] A Tour Thro’ the whole Island of Great Britain, ed. 1753, iii. 136, 137.
[339] Lives of Boulton and Watt, Smiles, 484.
[340] First Letter on a Regicide Peace.
[341] Theory and Practice of Banking, i. 507.
[342] Considerations of the Lowering of Interests. Works, ed. 1823, v. 49.
[343] The Rothschilds, Reeves, 51.
[344] The Rothschilds, Reeves, 192, 199.
[345] Ibid., 200.
[346] Wherever reference is made to comparative prices of commodities, the authority used has been the tables published by W. S. Jevons in Investigations in Currency and Finance, 144.
[347] Annals of the Coinage, Ruding, iv. 37.
[348] Overstone Tracts, 49.
[349] History of Prices, i. 158.
[350] Political Life of Sir Robert Peel, Doubleday, i. 218, note.
[351] Theory and Practice of Banking, Macleod, ed. 1893, ii. 103.
[352] See Hansard, New Series, viii. 189.
[353] History of the Bank of England, i. 348.
[354] History of the Bank of England, i. 347.
[355] History of the Currency, Maclaren, 161.
[356] Theory and Practice of Banking, Macleod, ii. 117, 118.
[357] Overstone Tracts, 325.
[358] Ibid., 191.
[359] Ibid., 318.
[360] Theory and Practice of Banking, ii. 147.
[361] Overstone Tracts, 573, 574.
[362] Cobden and the League, Ashworth, 174.
[363] Theory and Practice of Banking, Macleod, ii. 169, 170.
[364] Hansard, Third Series, xcv. 399.
[365] Theory and Practice of Banking, ii. 170.
[366] Hansard, Third Series, xcv. 398.
[367] Overstone Tracts, 319.
[368] See Journal of Roy. Stat. Soc., liv. 464.
[369] Dénombrement de 1891, 261.
[370] Annuaire de l’Économie Politique, 1894, Block, 18.
[371] La Population Française, ii. 214.
[372] Report of the Commission appointed in India to enquire into the Causes of the Riots which took place in the year 1875, in the Poona and Ahmednagar Districts of the Bombay Presidency, 12.
[373] Report Of The Commission Appointed In India To Enquire Into The Causes Of The Riots Which Took Place In The Year 1875, In The Poona And Ahmednagar Districts Of The Bombay Presidency, 159.
[374] Report of the Commission, etc., 25, 26.
[375] Ibid., 167.
[376] Report of the Commission, etc., 168.
[377] See Musalmans and Money-lenders in the Punjab, Thorburn.
[378] Report of the Commission, etc., 168.
[379] See Brief History of the Indian Peoples, Hunter, 50.
[380] See History of the Romans, ed. of 1852, Merivale, ii. 81, where the authorities are collected.
[381] Plutarch’s Lives, Clough’s trans., iv. 123.
[382] Ibid., 298.
[383] Ibid., 142.
[384] Genesis xxxiv. 11, 12.
[385] Aristotle, Pol., ii. 9.
[386] Plutarch’s Lives, Clough’s trans., iv. 507.
[387] Faery Queene, Spenser, iv. 5, 1.
[388] Entretiens sur l’Architecture, i. 102.
[389] Ann., xv. 44.
[390] Ann., xv. 44.
[391] Marc-Aurèle, Renan, 600.
[392] Tertullian, Ad Scapulam, 5.
[393] L’Antechrist, 163 et seq.
[394] Études sur l’Histoire de l’Art, Vitet, i. 200.
[395] L’Art de Batir chez les Byzantins, Choisy, 5, 6.
[396] Recherches pour servir à l’Histoire de la Peinture et de la Sculpture Chrétiennes en Orient, Bayet, 99.
[397] Ibid., 99.
[398] Buildings of Justinian, Procopius, trans. by Stewart, i. 1.
[399] Ibid.
[400] Dictionnaire de l’Architecture, Art. “Peinture.”
[401] Entretiens, i. 102.