FOOTNOTES:
[1] Brunnhofer, p. 321, Appendix.
[2] Sigwart, i. p. 118 (note 5).
[3] Berti, Vita di S. B., p. 28.
[4] Bartholmèss, vol. i. p. 26.
[5] Lagarde, 452. 23.
[6] V. additional note.
[7] Lagarde, Op. Ital., p. 101.
[8] i.e. Heightening of normal powers.
[9] Op. Lat. ii. 2. 184.
[10] On Bruno’s family v. Fiorentino, in the Giornale de la Domenica (Naples), for Jan. 29, 1882.
[11] De Magia, Op. Lat. iii. Op. 430, 431.
[12] De Immenso, v. Op. Lat. i. 2. p. 120.
[13] De Immenso, iii. (i. 1. 313).
[14] Ct. the punning line “Domini canes evangelium latrantur per totum orbem.”
[15] Berti, p. 50.
[16] Cf. Spaccio de la Bestia, Lag. p. 552, 1.
[17] Venetian Documents, No. 8.
[18] Docs. 8 and 13.
[19] Vide additional note.
[20] Doc. 1 (Berti, p. 378).
[21] Tasso came about the same time, to be repulsed as plague-stricken from the gates.
[22] Doc. 9. Berti, p. 393 (a line is omitted in the 2nd Edition).
[23] Lag. 147. 21.
[24] Fra Paolo Sarpi was at this time teaching philosophy in one of the monasteries in Venice, but Bruno does not seem to have met him.
[25] Sig. Sig. (Op. Lat. ii. 2. 191).
[26] Cena, Lag. 143. 40.
[27] Doc. 9.
[28] Giordano Bruno à Genève (1579), par Théophil Dufour: v. Berti, pp. 449 ff.
[29] From the Register of the Council.
[30] Register of Consistory, 1577–1579.
[31] Bartholmèss, i. pp. 62, 63 (with note).
[32] Vide De Umbris (Op. Lat. ii. 1. p. 65, cf. p. 87).
[33] Brunnhofer’s Giordano Bruno, etc., p. 25.
[34] Introd. to De Umbris.
[35] Bartholmèss, I. 74.
[36] Vide Acrot. Camoer. Epistle to the Rector of the University (Filesac.). Op. Lat. i. 1. 56, 57.
[37] Artificium Arist. Lull. Ram. 1615.
[38] Cf. Orat. Consol. (i. 1. 32).
[39] Op. Lat. ii. 2. pp. 76–8.
[40] Cena, L. 176, 37 ff.
[41] Teulet Papers, ii. p. 570 (May 16, 1583).
[42] Op. cit., p. 693.
[43] Camden’s Elizabeth.
[44] The MS. of Dido, which was acted by Christ Church men, is still preserved in the library of Christ Church.
[45] Lag. p. 120 ff.
[46] L. p. 220.
[47] 1546–1628. Studied at University College; President of St. John’s, 1572–7; Dean of Christ Church (to 1584); afterwards Archbishop of York: “One of a proper person (such people, ceteris paribus and sometimes ceteris imparibus, were preferred by the Queen) and an excellent preacher”—(Fuller, quoted in the Dict. Nat. Biog.)
[48] Warden of New, 1573–99; Dean of Chichester, 1577.
[49] Vide Trig. Sigilli, Dedication.
[50] Vide add. note.
[51] Doc. 9, Berta, p. 305. “Castelnuovo, in casa del qual non faceva altro se non che stava per il suo gentilhomo.”
[52] Preface, L. 305.
[53] Lag. 264, 20.
[54] L. 143.
[55] L. 226. 25 ff.
[56] Mauvissière’s successor was nominated in Nov. 1584, although he did not leave until a year later.
[57] Vide add. note.
[58] First pointed out, I believe, by Mr. Whittaker in Essays and Notices, 1895 (v. the note to Giordano Bruno, p. 94).
[59] Cf. the Quarterly Review, Oct. 1902. The references are Tschischwitz: Shakespeare-Forschungen—Hamlet, 1868; W. König, Shakespeare-Jahrbuch, xi.; Frith’s Giordano Bruno; on the other side Beyersdorff, Giordano Bruno und Shakespeare (1889); Furness in the New Variorum Shakespeare.
[60] Vide add. note.
[61] Lag. 223. 4.
[62] Vide infra, part ii. ch. 9.
[63] In the Aminta.
[64] Sigillus is really a diminutive of “Signum” in Bruno’s view; “Seal” therefore means much the same as “Sign.”
[65] “Venezia” on the title-page.
[66] Again “Venetia.” The Introduction is translated in A collection of several pieces, by Mr. John Toland, 2 vols., London, 1726.
[67] “Parigi.” Translated, except for the introductory letter to Sidney, in Sp. dalla Best. Triom., or the Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast, London, 1713; attributed to W. Morehead.
The Spaccio was in its outward form, no doubt, suggested by Lucian’s Parliament of the Gods. Fiorentino has pointed out that Niccolo Franco had made use of a similar idea in a dialogue published in 1539, in which he described a journey to heaven, where he was at first refused admittance; he had a parley with the Gods, until, with the aid of Momus, he obtained permission to enter, conversed with Jupiter, received some favours, and returned. Franco was impaled in 1565 by Pope Pius V., hence perhaps the absence of his name in Bruno. Perhaps the idea of the Spaccio was also determined by a prophecy of the Bohemian Cipriano Leowicz (“On the more signal great conjunctions of the planets,” 1564), that about the beginning of April 1584 would occur a reunion of almost all the planets in the sign of Aries, and it should be the last in that sign. It was inferred that the Christian religion would also come to an end then. This would agree with the reason given above for Bruno’s preface, viz. that he was leaving England in 1584, Mauvissière’s term having expired.
[68] Lag. 417.
[69] Ib. 408.
[70] Parigi is on the title page.
[71] Op. Lat. ii. 3, 237.
[72] Also Parigi. Translated in “The Heroic Enthusiasts,” an Ethical Poem, by L. Williams, London, 1887. (The Argument or Summary, and the Apology of Bruno, are omitted.)
[73] Lag. 123. 3. Cf. Her. Fur. 747. 19—“le belle et gratiose Ninfe del Padre Tamesi,” 749. 40, “Leggiadre Nimphe, ch’ a le’ herbose Sponde del Tamesi gentil fatte Soggiorno,” and 753. 10.
[74] Lag. 144. 10.
[75] Lag. 406. 17 (Spaccio).
[76] Lag. 292.
[77] 521. 27 ff.
[78] 551. 38, 522. 23, 550. 2, 490. 3.
[79] Salisbury Papers, iii. p. 112.
[80] Doc. 9.
[81] Doc. 17. Berti, p. 426, 427.
[82] Landseck’s Bruno.
[83] Vide Op. Lat. vol. iii. Introd. p. xxxix.
[84] Centum et Viginti Articuli De Natura et Mundo, adv. Peripateticos, Paris, 1586; and “J. B. N. Camoeracensis Acrotismus, etc.” Wittenberg, 1588. “Camoeracensis” qualifies Bruni,—“of the College of Cambray.” Acrotismus is barbarous Latinising of Ἀκρόασις.
[85] Op. Lat. i. 1. 63.
[86] i. 1. 65.
[87] Ib. 68, 69.
[88] Figuratio Aristotelici Physici Auditus, Paris, 1586. Dialogi Duo de Fabricii Mordentis Salernitani prope divina adinventione ad perfectam cosmimetrae praxim, Paris, 1586. Vide add. note.
[89] Doc. 9.
[90] Eglin, a pupil of Bruno, was Professor of Theology at Marburg in 1607 (Brunnhofer, p. 60).
[91] Sigwart. The university has since been united with that of Halle, the seat being at the latter place.
[92] De Specierum Scrutinio et Lampade Combinatoria Raimundi Lulli, “the omniscient and almost divine hermit doctor.” Prague, 1588.
[93] Krell was imprisoned, and put to death ten years later.
[94] Vide Spaccio, Lag. 516. 11, and 553. 21 ff.
[95] De Specierum Scrutinio, vide supra, p. 54.
[96] Published 1589, Helmstadt.
[97] Bk. iv. ch. 10.
[98] Cf. Frith’s Bruno, p. 200.
[99] Vide Brunnhofer and Sigwart.
[100] Censor’s Register: Frankfort Archives.
[101] Sigwart, and Op. Lat. vol. iii. introd. p. xxix.
[102] Bassäus Catalogue of Frankfort Books from 1564–1592, printed 1592 (Sigwart).
[103] Doc. 6 (Ciotto’s evidence).
[104] Doc. 8 (Bruno’s own statements).
[105] Sigwart, Kl. Schriften, i. p. 302.
[106] Vide Op. Lat., vol i., introd. p. xx.
[107] Bertano described him as lecturing at Padua to some German scholars (Doc. 7). On Besler, and Bruno’s connection with him, v. Stölzle, Archiv f. Geschichte d. Phil., iii.
[108] Riehl, Giordano Bruno.
[109] Doc. 15, Morosini’s evidence.
[110] Doc. 17 (Bruno). Cf. 16 (Ciotto re-examined), and 9 (Bruno).
[111] Doc. 10.
[112] Ambassador in Paris during Bruno’s first visit (1582).
[113] The Nuncio was sometimes represented by his auditor, the Patriarch by his vicar.
[114] i.e. orthodox, right-thinking.
[115] Bruno refers to the Pythagorean doctrine, quoting the Æneid, vi. 724 ff.: Principio cœlum ... mens agitat molem.
[116] De Monade (Op. Lat. i. 2. p. 415).
[117] Doc. 17.
[118] Doc. 24. Venetian State Archives.
[119] Doc. 25. State Archives.
[120] Docs. 26, 27.
[121] Roman Documents, III.
[122] It must not be left out of mind that documents have occasionally been tampered with, and statements put into the mouths of witnesses which are in substance false, as Fiorentino hints concerning these reports of Bruno’s trial. But there is no special reason for doubt here.
[123] It is officially stated that there are no further documents.
[124] Wagner’s introduction to Bruno’s Opere Italiane, p. 7.
[125] Conferenza, p. 86.
[126] For the part of this letter relative to Bruno, v. Bartholmèss (with French translation), Berti and Frith.
[127] The letter was translated into English by La Roche, Memoirs of Literature, vol. ii., and by Toland, Misc. Works, vol. i. Schopp refers to Bruno’s death in a work published in 1611 (i.e. several years before the letter itself was published) as having occurred ten years earlier (Berti, p. 10).
[128] Berti, p. 326, n. 1.
[129] Pognisi, Giordano Bruno e l’ Archivio di San Giovanni Decollato, Torino, 1891, and vol. iii. of Op. Lat. introd.
[130] Metam. xv.
[131] Cf. Her. Fur. 623. 20 ff.
[132] Lag. 564. 25.
[133] E.g. cf. De Umbris, p. 10 ff., and Magia Math., Op. Lat. iii. 5. 506.
[134] Lag. 141. 5.
[135] Cena, Lag. 125. 12 ff.
[136] Juvenal, i. 3. 300.
[137] Lag. 129. 7.
[138] Lag. 318. 5.
[139] Lag. 619. 20. Cf. also 700. 25, 717. 39.
[140] Lag. 718. 26.
[141] Lag. 223. 14 ff., cf. 242. 35, and De Minimo, bk. iii. 1.
[142] De Minimo, Op. Lat. i. 3, 135.
[143] In his De Orbitis Planetarum, 1801, Hegel “demonstrated” that the number of planets could not exceed seven. Before it appeared, Piazzi had discovered Ceres.
[144] Art. Adv. Math. Epist. Ded. (i. 3. 4).
[145] Sig. Sig. (ii. 2. 192.)
[146] Works published during Bruno’s imprisonment, and posthumously.
[147] Cf. Op. Lat. vol. i. pt. 4. Also in Gfrörer.
[148] Cf. p. 67, l. 11.
[149] Brunnhofer (p. 81) suggests that the first part contains the exoteric, the second the esoteric teaching of Bruno. But as Tocco (Opere Latine di G. B., p. 136) rightly points out, some such knowledge of Aristotelian terms as that in Part i. would form a necessary preliminary to the study of philosophy in Bruno’s time. He makes use of the Aristotelian terms to express ideas quite different from those of Aristotle.
[150] Op. Lat. ii. 2. 333.
[151] Vide Tocco, Opere Inedite di G. B. Napoli, 1891.
[152] Op. cit. p. 77.
[153] Vide Op. Lat. iii., Introduction by Vitelli; but according to Stölzle (Archiv für Gesch. d. Phil. iii. 1890) and Tocco (Op. Ined., p. 99) they belong to the first stay in Paris. The latter adds that they may have been repeated in Wittenberg.